ObjectiveThe correlation of Pueraria lobata producing areas， climate factors， total flavonoids of P. lobata， polysaccharide content of P. lobata， and antioxidant activity of P.lobata for medicinal application was analyzed， and the relationship between climate factors and the formation of P. lobata quality was evaluated. MethodThe scavenging rates of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl（DPPH） and 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)（ABTS） radicals by total flavonoids and polysaccharides of P. lobata were detected， and the correlation between the contents of each component and the information of producing areas and climate factors was analyzed. ResultThe ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by total flavonoids of P.lobata was negatively correlated with altitude （P<0.05） and positively correlated with annual sunshine hours （P<0.05）. The altitude was positively correlated with the total flavonoid content， while the annual sunshine hours were negatively correlated with the total flavonoid content. There was a negative correlation between total flavonoid content and ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by total flavonoids. In other words， lower altitude and longer annual sunshine hours indicated lower total flavonoid content and higher ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by total flavonoids. The ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by polysaccharides of P. lobata was negatively correlated with the frost-free period （P<0.05） and the mean temperature in July （P<0.01）. There was a positive correlation between the polysaccharide content of P. lobata and the frost-free period. The mean temperature in July was positively correlated with the polysaccharide content of P. lobata （P<0.05）. The polysaccharide content of P. lobata was negatively correlated with the ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by polysaccharides of P. lobata. In other words， a shorter frost-free period in the producing area and lower mean temperature in July indicated lower polysaccharide content of P. lobata and higher ABTS⁺ scavenging rate by polysaccharides of P. lobata. The mean temperature in July was significantly correlated with the contents of total flavonoids and polysaccharides in P. lobata samples （P<0.05）. The lower mean temperature in July was often accompanied by lower total flavonoid content of P. lobata， lower polysaccharide content of Pueraria lobata， and stronger antioxidant activity of P. lobata samples. ConclusionThe ability of P. lobata to remove ABTS⁺ is stronger than that of DPPH⁺. There is a significant correlation between climate factors， content， and antioxidant capacity in each producing area. Further research on the internal law of the formation of medicinal active components of P. lobata induced by core climate factors will provide a scientific basis for revealing the formation mechanism of genuine P. lobata and the subsequent control of P. lobata quality according to the environment of producing areas.

Objective:To analyze the external quality control assessment results of fluoride testing laboratories in endemic disease prevention and control institutions nationwide from 2006 to 2023, investigate the quality control capabilities of these laboratories in various provinces, prefectures, cities, and counties nationwide, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of surveillance data on endemic fluorosis nationwide.Methods:Using retrospective analysis, the external quality control assessment results of all participating fluoride testing laboratories of national endemic disease prevention and control institutions from 2006 to 2023 were summarized and analyzed. The assessment results from 2006 to 2008 were tested for outliers using Grubbs method, homogeneity of variance using Cochran method, excluding the assessment data of unqualified laboratories, calculating the total mean and total standard deviation, Z-score method was used to test the assessment of laboratories, and statistical analysis and judgment were done when the result of │Z│ < 3. The assessment results from 2009 - 2023 were obtained from all laboratories. In 2010, two tests were conducted in the first and second half of the year, and the Z-ratio scores of each laboratory were calculated using robust statistics. When │Z│≤2, the assessment was qualified; when 2 < │Z│ < 3, the assessment was basically qualified; when│Z│≥3, the assessment was unqualified, and the consensus value came from all participating laboratories in the assessment.Results:From the beginning of quality control operation in 2006 to 2023, the number of laboratories participated in external quality control assessments had significantly increased. The number of laboratories participated in water fluoride assessment increased from 30 in 2006 to 1 277 in 2023, and the number of laboratories participated in urine fluoride assessment increased from 29 to 497. The number of laboratories participated in the brick tea fluorine assessment had increased from 43 in 2014 to 193 in 2023. The assessment results showed that when │Z│ < 3, the total qualified rate of fluoride external quality control in fluoride testing laboratories of national endemic disease control institutions was 95.2%, with the lowest being 87.1% (27/31) in 2008 and the highest being 100.0% (394/394) in 2014. When │Z│≤2, the total feedback pass rate was 88.4%, with the lowest being 79.3% (288/363) in the first half of 2010 and the highest being 99.5% (392/394) in 2014. The assessment results showed that when │Z│ < 3, the total pass rate of urine fluoride external quality control in fluoride testing laboratories of national endemic disease control institutions was 98.0%, with the lowest being 86.2% (25/29) in 2006 and 2007, respectively, and the highest being 100.0% (68/68) in 2014. When │Z│≤2, the total qualification rate was 93.7%, with the lowest being 86.5% (64/74) in the second half of 2010 and the highest being 100.0% (68/68) in 2014. The assessment results showed that when│Z│ < 3, the total pass rate of extra-fluoride quality control of brick tea in fluoride testing laboratories of national endemic disease control institutions was 95.4%, with the lowest being 85.0% (164/193) in 2023, and the highest being 100.0% (43/43, 51/51, 79/79) in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. When │Z│≤2, the total pass rate was 89.2%, with the lowest being 72.7% (32/44) in 2017 and the highest being 100.0% (43/43) in 2014. From 2009 to 2023, there were a total of 21 provincial-level laboratories that passed the water fluoride detection assessment, including 3 provinces where all prefecture level and county-level laboratories were qualified. The assessment results of urinary fluorine showed that there were 11 qualified provincial-level laboratories and 1 prefecture-level laboratory. From 2014 to 2023, the assessment results of brick-tea fluorine showed that there were 5 provincial-level laboratories that passed the tea fluorine testing assessment and no prefecture-level laboratory.Conclusions:Conclusion: From 2006 to 2023, the number of fluoride testing laboratories participating in external quality control assessment has increased year by year, and most provincial, municipal and county-level laboratories have good fluoride testing capabilities, which can meet the testing needs of endemic disease prevention and monitoring. For some laboratories with problems, targeted rectification should be carried out to improve the quality of detection, in order to provide better technical support for the monitoring of endemic fluorosis areas.

Objective To evaluate the analgesia effect of nalbuphine combined with transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)multimodal analgesia on patients after radical resection of liver cancer,and to observe its safety.Methods The clinical data of patients who underwent radical resection of liver cancer were retrospectively collected.According to different postoperative anesthesia regimens,they were divided into control group and treatment group by the cohort method.The control group was treated with TAPB combined with 2 μg·kg-1 sufentanil+ondansetron 16 mg for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA),while the treatment group was given TAPB combined with 2 mg·kg-1 nalbuphine+ondansetron 16 mg for PCIA.The perioperative anesthetic dosage,heart rate(HR),anesthesia effect,postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)and Bruggman comfort score(BCS)were compared,and the total number of analgesia pump compressions,the number of effective compressions,remedial analgesia rate,postoperative ambulation time,postoperative exhaust time and occurrence of drug-related adverse reactions were recorded in the two groups.Results 57 cases in control group and 53 cases in treatment group were included for analysis.The HR values at 5 min after tracheal extubation in treatment group and control group were(66.38±7.65)and(70.74±8.12)beat·min-1,VAS scores at 48 h after surgery were(1.14±0.36)and(1.75±0.69)points,BCS scores were(2.51±0.45)and(2.30±0.55)points,the total number of analgesia pump compressions after PCIA were(6.89±1.75)and(12.61±2.39)times,the number of effective compressions were(3.64±0.91)and(8.27±1.15)times,the remedial analgesia rates were 5.66％(3 cases/53 cases)and 19.30％(11 cases/57 cases),the incidence rates of nausea and vomiting were 5.66％(3 cases/53 cases)and 19.30％(11 cases/57 cases),respectively(all P＜0.05).The overall excellent and good rates of anesthesia in treatment group and control group were 96.23％(51 cases/53 cases)and 89.47％(51 cases/57 cases),the total incidence rates of adverse drug reactions were 11.32％(6 cases/53 cases)and 22.81％(13 cases/57 cases),respectively(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Nalbuphine combined with TAPB multimodal analgesia has good analgesia effect after radical resection of liver cancer,and it is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting,and it is safe and effective.

This article introduced Professor Wang Xingkuan's academic thoughts and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating burning mouth syndrome(BMS)in perimenopausal women based on the theory of"yin injury and internal dryness".Professor Wang advocates the principle of"treating the root cause of the disease and harmonizing multiple organs".Starting from the unique physiological characteristics of perimenopausal women,he believes that the BMS in perimenopausal women should be attributed to the kidneys,liver,heart,and small intestine.The fundamental cause of the disease is the deficiency of kidney essence and the gradual decline of liver blood,and the key to the onset is the dryness of the kidney,liver,heart,and small intestine.In treatment,the overall strategy is to take"yin injury and internal dryness"as the main guideline,focusing on the liver and kidney,with nourishing and replenishing the liver and kidney as the main approach and clearing heat and moistening as auxiliary methods.The basic formula for treating BMS is a combination of Erdong Decoction and Baihe Dihuang Decoction,which has shown significant clinical efficacy.

Epilepsy patients are prone to obesity and metabolic syndrome(MetS),which is a higher risk than the general population.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a manifestation of a metabolic syndrome,characterized by hepatic steatosis,which can be exacerbated to some extent in patients with epilepsy.Sodium valproate(VPA),a commonly used clinical antiepileptic drug,leads to triglyceride accumulation in liver cells and induces a risk of NAFLD.In adults with epilepsy combined with NAFLD,treatment with VPA can make the liver,which is already affected by steatosis,more sensitive to VPA-induced liver injury and affect VPA drug metabolism.Both VPA and NAFLD induce hepatic steatosis,and can exacerbate each other's induced hepatic steatosis synergistically during epilepsy treatment.In this paper,we reviewed the progress of clinical studies on the use of VPA in adult patients with epilepsy combined with NAFLD to provide references for effective treatment and future studies of VPA.

Objective:To analyze the genes related to platelet activation in essential thrombocythemia (ET)based on transcriptome sequencing technology (RNA-seq ),and to explore the potential targets related to ET thrombosis. Methods:Blood samples from ET patients and healthy individuals were collected for RNA-seq,and differentially expressed lncRNAs,miRNAs,and mRNAs were selected to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Differential mRNAs in the regulatory network were enriched and analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO ) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).The real-time PCR method was applied to validate differential mRNAs on crucial signaling pathways.Results:A total of 32 lncRNAs (3 up-regulated,29 down-regulated),16 miRNAs (8 up-regulated,8 down-regulated),and 35 mRNAs (27 up-regulated,8 down-regulated)were identified as differentially expressed.Among them,5 lncRNAs,12 miRNAs,and 19 mRNAs constituted the regulatory network.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differential mRNAs were related to the platelet activation signaling pathway,and there were 6 differential mRNAs related to platelet activation,namely F2R,ITGA2B,ITGB1,ITGB3,PTGS1,and GP1 BB,which were all up-regulated in their expression.RT-PCR results showed that the expression of five mRNAs including F2R,ITGA2B,ITGB1,ITGB3,and GP1BB were upregulated in ET patients compared with healthy subjects,and consistent with RNA-seq results,while PTGS1 expression was not significantly different.Conclusion:Differential mRNAs in ET patients are related to the platelet activation pathway,and F2R,ITGA2B,ITGB1,ITGB3,and GP1BB mRNAs may serve as novel targets associated with platelet activation in ET.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the biological characteristics of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with myeloid fibroplasia, and further analyze the risk factors affecting myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients, so as to provide ideas for predicting the occurrence of myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients. METHODS: Forty patients with PV in the Department of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were collected and divided into two groups, with (hyperplasia group) and without (Non-proliferative group) hyperplasia of bone marrow fibers. The differences of basic clinical characteristics, blood routine, biochemistry, bone marrow cells, coagulation function and other indicators between the two groups were compared, and the independent risk factors affecting the proliferation of bone marrow fibrous tissue in PV patients were further analyzed by multivariate regression. RESULTS: Compared with Non-proliferative group, the JAK2 mutation rate (95% vs 70%，P=0.037), eosinophilic cell count (0.19 vs 0.11, P=0.047) and eosinophilic percentage (1.84 vs 1.27, P=0.001) in PV patients with hyperplasia were significantly increased, triglycerides (1.55 vs 1.91, P=0.038) and low-density lipoprotein (1.50 vs 3.08, P=0.000) were significantly reduced, bone marrow hematopoietic volume (0.85 vs 0.6, P=0.001), granulocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.40 vs 1.89, P=0.033), lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (0.60 vs 0.42, P=0.033), and granulocyte+lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.72 vs 2.37, P=0.026) were significantly increased, thrombin time (18.84 vs 18.12, P=0.043) was significantly prolonged. Multivariate regression analysis results showed that peripheral blood eosinophil ≥2% and low-density lipoprotein ≤2 mmol/L were independent risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Increased proportion of peripheral blood eosinophils and decreased low density lipoprotein are risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients.
Humans ; Bone Marrow/pathology* ; Polycythemia Vera ; Hyperplasia/pathology* ; Granulocytes/pathology* ; Janus Kinase 2/genetics* ; Risk Factors ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Polycythemia/pathology*

AIM: To investigate the effect of 3-bro-mopyruvate cholesterol ester (3-BP-Cl) on the sensitivity of breast cancer to tamoxifen (TAM). METHODS: MTT assay and Calcein AM/PI staining were used to detect the effect of drugs on the viability of breast cancer cells. Kim's formula was used to detect synergistic anti-breast cancer effect of cholesterol 3-bromopyruvate and tamoxifen. The inhibitory effect of drugs on proliferation of breast cancer cells was detected by colony-forming assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of hexokinase 2, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. RESULTS: MTT results showed that combination 3-BP-Cl and TAM could significantly inhibit the activity of MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). The results of King's formula showed that 3-BP-Cl and TAM had synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (q>1.15). Calcein AM / PI staining showed that the number of dead cells was the highest in the combination group. Colony-forming assay showed that the combination group had stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells than that of single drug groups. AnnexinV flow cytometry results showed that, the cell apoptosis in the combination group was significantly increased (P<0.01). Western blot results showed that 3-BP-Cl inhibited the expressions of hexoktokinase 2 and Bcl-2, and enhanced the expression of Bax in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION: 3-BP-Cl could increase the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen, and synergically inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. The mechanism is possibly related to its effects of inhibiting the expression of HK2/Bcl-2, and enhancing the expression of Bax.

The development of chemoresistance which results in a poor prognosis often renders current treatments for colorectal cancer(CRC).In this study,we identified reduced microvessel density(MVD)and vascular immaturity resulting from endothelial apoptosis as therapeutic targets for overcoming chemoresistance.We focused on the effect of metformin on MVD,vascular maturity,and endothelial apoptosis of CRCs with a non-angiogenic phenotype,and further investigated its effect in overcoming chemoresistance.In situ transplanted cancer models were established to compare MVD,endothelial apoptosis and vascular maturity,and function in tumors from metformin-and vehicle-treated mice.An in vitro co-culture system was used to observe the effects of metformin on tumor cell-induced endothelial apoptosis.Transcriptome sequencing was performed for genetic screening.Non-angiogenic CRC developed inde-pendently of angiogenesis and was characterized by vascular leakage,immaturity,reduced MVD,and non-hypoxia.This phenomenon had also been observed in human CRC.Furthermore,non-angiogenic CRCs showed a worse response to chemotherapeutic drugs in vivo than in vitro.By suppressing endo-thelial apoptosis,metformin sensitized non-angiogenic CRCs to chemo-drugs via elevation of MVD and improvement of vascular maturity.Further results showed that endothelial apoptosis was induced by tumor cells via activation of caspase signaling,which was abrogated by metformin administration.These findings provide pre-clinical evidence for the involvement of endothelial apoptosis and subsequent vascular immaturity in the chemoresistance of non-angiogenic CRC.By suppressing endothelial apoptosis,metformin restores vascular maturity and function and sensitizes CRC to chemotherapeutic drugs via a vascular mechanism.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills (GXDS) in the treatment of depression or anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: From September 2017 to June 2019, 200 CHD patients after PCI with depression and anxiety were included and randomly divided into GXDS (100 cases) and placebo control groups (100 cases) by block randomization and a random number table. Patients in the GXDS and control groups were given GXDS and placebo, respectively, 0.4 g each time, 3 times daily for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes were scores of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) and the Seattle Angina Pectoris Scale (SAQ). The secondary outcomes included 12 Health Survey Summary Form (SF-12) scores and the first onset time and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Other indices including blood pressure, blood lipids, microcirculation and inflammatory-related indices, etc. were monitored at baseline, week 4, and week 12. RESULTS: In the full analysis set (200 cases), after treatment, the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores in the GXDS group were considerably lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the baseline, the total PHQ-9 scores of the experimental and control groups decreased by 3.97 and 1.18, respectively. The corrected mean difference between the two groups was -2.78 (95% CI: -3.47, -2.10; P<0.001). The total GAD-7 score in the GXDS group decreased by 3.48% compared with the baseline level, while that of the placebo group decreased by 1.13%. The corrected mean difference between the two groups was -2.35 (95% CI: -2.95, -1.76; P<0.001). The degree of improvement in SAQ score, SF-12 score, endothelin and high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels in the GXDS group were substantially superior than those in the placebo group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Similar results were obtained in the per protocol population analysis of 177 patients. Three cases of MACES were reported in this study (1 in the GXDS group and 2 in the placebo group), and no serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS GXDS can significantly alleviate depression and anxiety, relieve symptoms of angina, and improve quality of life in patients with CHD after PCI. (Registration No. ChiCTR1800014291).
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects* ; Quality of Life ; Depression ; Coronary Disease/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Angina Pectoris/drug therapy* ; Prognosis ; Anxiety ; Treatment Outcome ; Double-Blind Method