Omalizumab,as a biological agent targeting IgE,is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody and the first targeted drug approved for treating moderate-to-severe bronchial asthma.By reviewing one case of aspirin-induced asthma complicated with nasosinusitis and otitis media,we discussed the value of omalizumab in the treatment of asthma and its complications,aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.
Humans ; Omalizumab/adverse effects* ; Asthma, Aspirin-Induced ; Asthma/drug therapy* ; Otitis Media/drug therapy*

Necrotizing otitis externa is a progressive infectious disease involving the external auditory canal and even the skull base, which can lead to serious complications and even death if not treated in time. In this paper, the latest advances in etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment were reviewed based on previous literature, providing reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and future research.
Humans ; Otitis Externa/therapy* ; Skull Base/pathology* ; Ear Canal/pathology* ; Head

Humans ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; Chronic Disease ; Biofilms ; Otitis Media

Objectives: To determine the initial clinical diagnoses of patients with tuberculous otitis media (TBOM), to determine the value of PCR test, biopsy, and ancillary diagnostic procedures in detecting middle ear TB infection, and to establish the differences in treatment outcomes. Methods: The clinical records of twenty-eight patients identified with middle ear TB infection by PCR test and biopsy, from January 2010 to December 2016, were reviewed to determine their initial clinical diagnoses. The positivity rates of PCR test and biopsy were compared. The records of 12 patients included in a previous publication were revisited and included in the present study population. The combined cases were classified according to clinical diagnosis to constitute a summary of demographic characteristics, clinical diagnoses, laboratory tests, and treatment outcomes. Results of diagnostic and surgical procedures were reviewed and analyzed. Clinical findings and hearing test results before and after treatment were compared. Results: Of the 28 patients, eight different clinical diagnoses of patients confirmed with middle ear TB were determined. PCR test diagnosed most cases belonging to the early and chronic stages of the disease process. Biopsy diagnosed mostly the chronic cases but failed to diagnose acute cases and late cases with diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma. By including the twelve cases that were published in 2011, the range of clinical diagnoses was expanded and an outcome of eleven clinical diagnoses confirmed with TB infection was established. Analysis of treatment outcomes showed that the clinical and hearing outcomes were better for patients managed at the early stage of the disease than for those presenting at the late stages of the disease process who underwent more complicated surgical procedures. Conclusion Our study supports the concept of tuberculous otitis media (TBOM) clinical spectrum, implying a paradigm shift in the established thinking that TBOM presents only as a chronic disease. The combined use of PCR and biopsy is a potential diagnostic tool to improve case detection rate, further broaden the scope of the clinical spectrum, and develop better control and preventive strategies for TBOM.
Otitis Media, Suppurative ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Patients with patulous Eustachian tubes(PET) usually suffer from annoying symptoms, such as tinnitus, autophony and aural fullness, due to the excessive opening of the Eustachian tube. There is no uniform standard of treatment, and conservative therapy combined with"Stepup"surgical intervention strategy is the main treatment. In this article, we reviewed various surgical treatments of patulous Eustachian tube in recent years, including key points of surgical operation, effectiveness, safety and complications. Full communication and evaluation are needed to establish appropriate patients' expectations preoperatively. A "Stepup" treatment strategy will be carried out, including conservative treatment, tympanic membrane surgery, Eustachian tube pharyngeal orifice constriction surgery, Eustachian tube tympanic orifice plug surgery and Eustachian tube muscle surgery, which aims to maintain normal Eustachian tube function and good middle ear ventilation.
Humans ; Eustachian Tube/surgery* ; Ear Diseases/diagnosis* ; Ear, Middle ; Tympanic Membrane/surgery* ; Tinnitus ; Otitis Media

Skull base osteomyelitis is a rare, refractory, and potentially fatal disease primarily caused by otogenic and sino rhinogenic infections. At times, it can mimic neoplasia complicating the diagnosis. With the use of antibiotics, advancements in diagnostic methods, and skull base surgical techniques, the mortality rate has significantly improved. However, the successful diagnosis and treatment of the disease is still challenging due to delayed diagnosis, lengthy treatment course, a tendency for relapse and lack of guidelines. Therefore, this article aims to review the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of skull base osteomyelitis.
Humans ; Otitis Externa/diagnosis* ; Skull Base ; Osteomyelitis/complications* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Diagnosis, Differential

Humans ; Hypersensitivity/complications* ; Otitis Media/complications* ; Otitis Media with Effusion/etiology*

Objective: To compare the effect of topical epidermal growth factor (EGF) instillation versus observation alone on healing of acute tympanic membrane perforations in terms of closure and hearing test results. Methods: Design: Randomized, Open label, Clinical Trial. Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital. Participants: Seventeen (17) ENT-HNS OPD patients aged between 18 to 65 years old diagnosed with acute tympanic membrane perforation were included in the study. Group A underwent observation while group B was treated with recombinant human EGF solution. Follow- up was on a weekly basis (7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days) where video otoscopy for documentation and measurement of perforation using ImageJTM software was done. Pure tone audiometry was used to compare hearing improvement pre and post study in both observation and treatment groups. Results: At baseline, there was no significant difference in the sizes of perforations: 24.20 ± 9.95 (treatment) vs. 32.64 ± 11.62 (observation) with a p-value of .131. Following treatment, mean changes in perforation size were significantly greater in the treatment group compared to the observation group from baseline to day 7 (M = -9.08, n = 15.11 vs. M = -1.06, n = 31.58); p = .009; day 7 to 14 (M = -6.37, n = 13.78 vs. M = -0.79, n = 30.79); p = .003; and from day 14 to 21 (M = -5.65, n = 10.89 vs. M = -0.72, n = 30.07); p = .004 but not from day 21 to 28 (M = -4.16, n = 13.99 vs. M = -0.36, n = 29.71; p = .021. From baseline pure tone averages, four participants with mild hearing loss and two with moderate hearing loss achieved normal hearing in the treatment group (while one each with moderate and severe hearing loss did not improve). None of the observation group participants had improved hearing. Conclusion Based on our limited experience, topical EGF can be used for traumatic tympanic membrane perforation and otitis media with dry ear perforation during the acute phase or within 3 months of perforation.
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ; Otitis Media ; Hearing Loss ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation ; Wound Healing

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/complications* ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Meningitis/complications* ; Otitis Media/complications* ; Otitis Media with Effusion/complications*

Objective: To analyze the incidence and risk factors of otologic disorders in patients with Turner syndrome (TS), so as to provide management strategies for ear health. Methods: This study is a prospective study based on questionnaires and a cross-sectional study. The TS patients who visited our hospital from 2010 January to 2021 March were included (A total of 71 patients with TS were included in this study. the age of TS diagnosed was 3- to 11-year-old, age of visiting ENT department was 4- to 27-year-old) and the incidence of otologic diseases in different age groups was investigated by questionnaires. The cross-sectional study included ear morphology and auditory function assessment, and further analysis of the risk factors that related to ear disease. Prism was used for data analysis. Results: The investigation found that the incidence of acute otitis media in patients aged 3-6 and 7-12 years was higher than that of patients over 12 years old, which was 33.8%(24/71), 42.9%(30/70)and 23.5%(8/34), respectively; 21.1% (15/71) of patients were recurrent acute otitis media in patients aged 3-6 years, and about 46.6% (7/15)of them persisted beyond 6-year. The prevalence of otitis media with effusion in the three groups was 32.4%(23/71), 34.3%(24/70)and 38.2%(13/34), respectively; the recurrence rate of tympanocentesis was 100%(7/7), 42.9%(3/7)and 50.0%(1/2), which was significantly higher than that of grommet insertion. For age groups of 3-6 and 7-12 years, the prevalence of acute otitis media and secretory otitis media was lower in the X chromosome structure abnormal patients; while for patients older than 12 years, otitis media with effusion was the highest prevalence in Y-chromosome-containing karyotypes. In addition, the prevalence of acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion in patients with other system diseases were increased significantly. A cross-sectional study found that 7.0% (5/71)of the lower auricular, 4.2% (3/71)of the external auditory canal narrow, and 38.0% (27/71)of the tympanic membrane abnormality. 35.2%(25/71) had abnormal hearing, including 17 cases of conductive deafness, 6 cases of sensorineural hearing loss, and 2 cases of mixed deafness. The rest of the patients had normal hearing, but 6 of them had abnormalities in otoacoustic emission. Eustachian tube function assessment found that the eustachian tube dysfunction accounted for 38%(27/71). Hearing loss and abnormal Eustachian tube function were not significantly related to karyotype(Chi-square 2.83 and 2.84,P value 0.418 and 0.417), but significantly related to other system diseases(Chi-square 13.43 and 7.53,P value<0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of TS-related otitis media and auditory dysfunction is significantly higher than that of the general population. It not only occurs in preschool girls, but also persists or develops after school age. Accompanied by other system diseases are risk factors for ear diseases. Clinicians should raise their awareness of TS-related ear diseases and incorporate ear health monitoring into routine diagnosis and treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Deafness/etiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Ear Ventilation/adverse effects* ; Otitis Media/complications* ; Otitis Media with Effusion/complications* ; Prospective Studies ; Turner Syndrome/therapy* ; Young Adult