OBJECTIVE: To review the application and research progress of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in trauma treatment. METHODS: The recent research literature on the application of AI and related technologies in trauma treatment was reviewed and summarized in terms of prehospital assistance, in-hospital emergency care, and post-traumatic stress disorder risk regression prediction, meanwhile, the development trend of AI technology in trauma treatment were outlooked. RESULTS: The AI technology can rapidly analyze and manage large amount of clinical data to help doctors identify patients' situation of trauma and predict the risk of possible complications more accurately. The application of AI technology in surgical assistance and robotic operations can achieve precise surgical plan and treatment, reduce surgical risks, and shorten the operation time, so as to improve the efficiency and long-term effectiveness of the trauma treatment. CONCLUSION There is a promising future for the application of AI technology in the trauma treatment. However, it is still in the stage of exploration and development, and there are many difficulties of historical data bias, application condition limitations, as well as ethical and moral issues need to be solved.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Operative Time ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Technology

In the past decades,a dramatic development of navigation technology in orthopaedic surgery has been witnessed. By assisting the localization of surgical region,verification of target bony structure,preoperative planning of fixation,intraoperative identification of planned entry point and direction of instruments or even automated insertion of implants,its ability and potential to reduce operation time,intraoperative radiation,surgical trauma,and improve accuracy has been proved. However,in contrast to the widespread use of navigation technology in arthroplasty,orthopaedic tumor,and spine surgery,its application in orthopaedic trauma is relatively less. In this manuscript,the main purpose is to introduce the technical principles of navigation devices,outline the current clinical application of navigation systems in orthopaedic trauma,analyze the current challenges confronting its further application in clinical practice and its prospect in the future.
Humans ; Orthopedics ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Orthopedic Procedures/methods* ; Operative Time

Objective: To summarize short-term postoperative complications of transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) in the treatment of middle-low rectal cancer. Methods: A descriptive case series of cases was constructed. Clinical data of consecutive 83 patients with mid-low rectal cancer who received taTME treatment from November 2016 to April 2021 at Department of General Surgery of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected. Among 83 patients, 58 (69.9%) were males, with a mean age of (61.4±11.8) years; 42 (50.6%) were low rectal cancer, 41 (49.4%) were middle rectal cancer. Short-term postoperative complication was defined as complication occurring within 30 days after operation. The complication was graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. At the same time, the morbidity of short-term postoperative complication in the first 40 patients and that in the last 43 patients were compared to understand the differences before and after passing the taTME learning curve. Results: Two patients (2.5%) were converted to laparotomy ; 78 (94.0%) completed anastomosis.While 5 (6.0%) underwent permanent stoma. The total operation time of transabdominal+ transanal procedure was (246.9±85.0) minutes, and the median intraoperative blood loss was 100 (IQR: 100) ml. Seventy-five cases (75 /78, 96.2%) underwent defunctioning stoma, including 74 cases of diverting ileostomy, 1 case of diverting transverse colostomy and 3 cases without stoma. The morbidity of complication within 30 days after operation was 38.6% (32/83), and the morbidity of complication after discharge was 8.4% (7/83). Minor complications accounted for 31.3% (26/83) and major complications accounted for 7.2% (6/83). No patient died within 30 days after operation. The incidence of anastomotic leakage was 15.4% (12/78). Eight patients (9.6%) were hospitalized again due to complications after discharge. The median postoperative hospital stay was 7 (IQR: 3) days. All the patients with minor (I-II) complications received conservative treatment. One patient with grade C anastomotic leakage was transferred to intensive care unit and received a second operation due to sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction. Two patients with paralytic ileus (Clavien-Dindo IIIa) underwent endoscopic ileus catheter placement. There were 3 patients with Clavien-Dindo III or above respiratory complications, including 1 patient with pleural effusion and ultrasound-guided puncture, 2 patients with respiratory failure who were improved and discharged after anti-infection and symptomatic treatment. One patient underwent emergency ureteral stent implantation due to urinary infection (Clavien-Dindo IIIb). The morbidity of postoperative complication in the first 40 cases was 50.0% (20/40), and that in the latter 43 cases decreased significantly (27.9%, 12/43), whose difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=4.270, P=0.039). Conclusions: The procedure of taTME has an acceptable morbidity of short-term postoperative complication in the treatment of mid-low rectal cancer. The accumulation of surgical experience plays an important role in reducing the morbidity of postoperative complication.
Aged ; Anal Canal/surgery* ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Proctectomy/methods* ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery*

Thanks to the new surgical approach, transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) has a better operative field exposure than laparoscopic-assisted total mesorectal excision (laTME), especially for male patients with obesity, pelvic stenosis or prostate hypertrophy. Nevertheless, whether the urogenital function and quality of life after taTME are better as compared to laTME requires further study. According to the existing studies, taTME and laTME are not significantly different in symptoms of the urology system for male patients, but some large sample clinical studies show that the incidence of urethral mechanical injury after taTME is higher. Unfortunately, there is no elaboration on that for females. The sexual function of male patients after taTME and laTME is both impaired. The sexual function of male patients will be relieved to different degrees over time, but there is no significant difference. Compared with laTME, taTME shows advantages in the sexual function for female patients. There is no significant difference in short-term urogenital system function between taTME and laTME at present. As a new surgical approach, the impact on urogenital system function after taTME is acceptable. However, whether there is a significant difference in urogenital function between taTME and laTME needs further research. In addition, functional results still need comprehensive evaluation, and preoperative baseline evaluation also needs to be enhanced. The functional evaluation for male and female should be carried out separately rather than confused. Questionnaire for evaluation of functional results also needs to be verified.
Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy/methods* ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Quality of Life ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Rectum/surgery* ; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery/methods* ; Treatment Outcome

Pancreatic cancer was considered to be one of the contraindications of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, but a large number of studies have shown that laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is safe and feasible for surgeons who have passed the learning curve in high-volume hospitals.Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy can provide high-resolution intraoperative exploration and unique operative perspective,which can help to reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications,dissect lymph nodes more thoroughly and reduce intraoperative metastasis of tumors,so as to promote the development of postoperative adjuvant therapy and improve patients' quality of life.However,due to the long learning curve and unclear survival outcome, the application of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic cancer is still controversial.This article summarizes the existing literature and the experience of the author's team,exploring the value and controversy of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.Further,suggestions are put forward on how to improve the laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in China.
Humans ; Laparoscopy/adverse effects* ; Operative Time ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology* ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy/adverse effects* ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the application of a self-developed three-dimensional visualized model of impacted tooth for surgical extraction in undergraduate oral experimental teaching. Methods: Forty-one undergraduates majoring stomatology of Tongji University from 2018 [19 males and 22 females, aged (22.4±0.8) years] were enrolled and randomly divided into the conventional group and the experimental group. Students of the conventional group (21 students including 8 males and 13 females) received a teaching protocol for the surgical extraction of impacted tooth including theoretical lectures, watching operation videos, and operating on head-simulator teaching systems. Students of the experimental group (20 students including 11 males and 9 females) received an additional training of resistance assessment and surgical extraction using the three-dimensional visualized model of impacted tooth before operating on the head simulators. After class, a questionnaire survey was carried out among students, and the operation results on the head simulators were evaluated by the teacher. Results: The results of the questionnaire showed that the students in the experimental group were rated higher than those in the traditional group in terms of being able to imagine the relationship between impacted teeth and adjacent structures (U=114.00, P=0.006), avoiding damage to adjacent teeth (U=87.00, P<0.001) and inferior alveolar nerve during tooth extraction (U=111.50, P=0.006), and being more confident in clinical operations in the future (U=120.00, P=0.013). According to the evaluation results of tooth extraction on the head simulators, there was no significant difference in the operation time between the two groups (U=138.50, P=0.056). In the experimental group, 5% (1/20) caused adjacent tooth loosening and 15% (3/20) caused the excessive bone defect, which was less than those in the traditional group [38% (8/21) and 48% (10/21), respectively] (P=0.021; P=0.043). There was no significant difference in the incidence of grinding out the deep bone of impacted teeth between the two groups (P=0.232). Conclusions: The application of three-dimensional visualized model of impacted tooth for surgical extraction in undergraduate oral experimental teaching had achieved good results and was worth popularizing.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molar, Third/surgery* ; Operative Time ; Students ; Tooth Extraction/methods* ; Tooth, Impacted/surgery*

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of total hip arthroplasty with conventional instrument OCM approach and posterolateral approach in supine position. METHODS: From February 2017 to January 2019, 67 patients underwent hip arthroplasty due to hip diseases, including 21 patients in the minimally invasive group, 12 males and 9 females;there were 10 cases of femoral neck fracture, 5 cases of aseptic necrosis of femoral head and 6 cases of hip osteoarthritis. In the traditional group, 46 cases were treated by traditional posterolateral approach, including 28 males and 18 females;there were 24 cases of femoral neck fracture, 12 cases of aseptic necrosis of femoral head and 10 cases of hip osteoarthritis. All patientsused biological ceramic artificial joint prosthesis. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding, incision length, preoperative and postoperative creatine kinase (CK-NAC), underground activity time, hospital stay, abduction angle and anteversion angle of prosthesis were observed and compared between two groups. Harris scores before operation and 12 months after operation were compared between two groups. RESULTS: All cases were followed up for 14 to 26(18.4±3.6) months. There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding, postoperative anteversion and abduction angle between two groups ( CONCLUSION The two approaches of total hip arthroplasty can obtain satisfactory results.OCM approach has less damage and rapid postoperative recovery. It is a reliable surgical approach and can be popularized and used.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery* ; Femur Head ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Supine Position ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the complications of tourniquet in the clinical application of lower tibiofibular fracture. METHODS: From June 2018 to September 2019, 33 cases of closed lower tibiofibular fractures (AO type 43A) were treated with plates and screws and were divided into two groups according to whether pueumatic tourniquet was used:16 cases in the observation group, 13 males and 3 females, aged 18 to 69 (38.8±17.0) years, the operation time after injury was (6.9±1.7) days, and tourniquet was not used during operation. There were 17 cases in the control group, 13 males and 4 females, aged from 21 to 71 (43.8±12.4) years, the operation time after injury was (6.5±1.0) days, automatic pneumatic tourniquetwas routinely used in the operation. The operation time, blood loss, postoperative swelling, pain and other complications were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Total of 33 patients were followed up for an average of 15 months. There was no significant difference in operation time and blood loss between two groups ( CONCLUSION The fracture of lower tibiofibular segment is superficial and easy to be exposed and fixed during operation. In order to avoid tourniquet complications, it is not recommended to use air bag tourniquet routinely or minimize the application time of tourniquet.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Tourniquets ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences of alignment and operative time between portable accelerometer-based navigation device (PAD) and computer assisted surgery (CAS) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: Data of patients using iASSIST (a kind of PAD) and OrthoPilot (a kind of CAS) for TKA in Peking University Third Hospital from December 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. The differences of preoperative general data, preoperative alignment, operative time and postoperative alignment were studied between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 82 patients were enrolled in our study, including 40 patients in the PAD group and 42 patients in the CAS group. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), surgical side, preoperative hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle and preoperative HKA angle deviation didn't show statistically significant difference between the PAD group and the CAS group (P>0.05). Postoperative HKA angle (180.8°±2.2° vs.181.8±1.6°, t=－2.458, P=0.016) and postoperative coronal femoral-component angle (CFA, 90.6°±1.8° vs. 91.6°±1.6°, t =－2.749, P=0.007) of the PAD group were smaller than those of the CAS group, but there was no significant difference in coronal tibia-component angle (CTA, 90.0°±1.3° vs.89.6°±1.4°, t=1.335, P=0.186) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of outliers (varus or valgus > 3°) for postoperative HKA angle (10.0% vs.11.9%, χ² =0.076, P=0.783), CFA (12.5% vs. 14.3%, χ²=0.056, P=0.813) and CTA (2.5% vs. 0%, χ²=1.063, P=0.303). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of postoperative HKA angle (2.1° vs. 2.0°, t=0.055, P=0.956), CFA (1.4° vs. 1.8°, t=－1.365, P=0.176) and CTA (1.0° vs. 1.1°, t=－0.828, P=0.410) between the two groups. The precision of postoperative HKA angle (1.1° vs. 1.3°, F=1.251, P=0.267), CFA (1.3° vs. 1.4°, F=0.817, P=0.369) and CTA (0.8° vs. 0.9°, F=0.937, P=0.336) were also not significantly different. We also didn't find statistically significant difference in operative time between the two groups [(83.4±25.6) min vs. (86.5±17.7) min, t=－0.641, P=0.524]. CONCLUSION PAD and CAS had similar accuracy and precision in alignment in TKA, and there was no significant difference in operative time, which indicates that PAD has a broad application prospect in TKA.
Accelerometry ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Operative Time ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tibia/surgery*

Objective: To observe the treatment effect of hemifacial dysplasia by injecting transplantation of autologous dermis and fat granules in the second stage surgery for total auricle reconstruction. Methods: From March 2013 to March 2018, 57 patients with unilateral microtia and mild-to-moderate hemifacial dysplasia were divided into concurrent treatment group (32 cases, including 13 females and 19 males and aged 6-33 years old with an average age of 12.5 years) and traditional treatment group (25 cases, including 10 females and 15 males and aged 6-21 years old with an average age of 11.3 years) according to the different surgical methods. Modified Nagata method of auricular reconstruction was chosen, in the second stage surgery (cranial ear angle plasty), patients in concurrent treatment group received the treatment of hemifacial dysplasia with autologous dermal and fat injection transplantation at the same time; Patients in traditional treatment group only received cranial ear angle plasty. Statistical analysis of the two groups of patients was carried out for the average operation time, the average length of hospital stay, the incidence of common complications and postoperative satisfaction rate. SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean operation time of the concurrent treatment group (282.0±3.4)min was longer than that of the traditional treatment group (243.0±3.1)min, and the difference was statistically significant (t=9.884, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the average length of stay between the the concurrent treatment group (9.4±0.3)d and the traditional treatment group(9.5±0.2)d, t=0.256, P>0.05. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of common surgical complications between the concurrent treatment group (12.5%, 4/32) and the traditional treatment group(12.0%, 3/25), χ²=0, P>0.05. Postoperative satisfaction rate of the concurrent treatment group(90.6%, 29/32) was significantly higher than that of the traditional treatment group(56.0%, 14/25), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=9.081, P<0.05). Conclusions: Auricular reconstruction with treatment of hemifacial dysplasia should not significantly increase the average length of stay and the incidence of common complications compared with auricular reconstruction alone. Although the operation time is slightly extended, the scheme of concurrent treatment can reduce the times of operations, save medical resources and increase the satisfaction rate of patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Congenital Microtia/surgery* ; Ear Auricle/surgery* ; Ear, External/surgery* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult