Humans ; Vascular Stiffness ; Coal Mining ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Coal ; Miners

Humans ; Nutrition Assessment ; Prognosis ; Silicosis/prevention & control* ; Occupational Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure ; Silicon Dioxide

Pneumoconiosis is the largest and most serious disease among the legal occupational diseases in China, which causes long-term heavy disease burden to individuals, enterprises and society. How to scientifically and reasonably measure and reduce the health impact and economic loss caused by pneumoconiosis has become a key and difficult research topic. In recent years, with the development of global burden of disease (GBD) research, some scholars have adopted disease burden index to evaluate the disease burden of pneumoconiosis, but the research results and data are relatively independent, and there is a lack of systematic evaluation system and framework. This paper summarized the application of disease burden assessment index for pneumoconiosis, epidemiological and economic burden of pneumoconiosis, and the cost-effectiveness of reducing the burden. This paper aims to understand the present situation of pneumoconiosis disease burden in our country, discover the problems and challenges of pneumoconiosis disease burden research in our country now. It provides scientific basis for the research and application of pneumoconiosis and other occupational disease burden in China, as well as the formulation of comprehensive intervention measures, optimization of health resources allocation and reduction of disease burden.
Humans ; Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology* ; Occupational Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Cost of Illness

Humans ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Occupational Health ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure

Objective: To analyze the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases among mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019, provide the scientific basis for the formulation and revision of policies and standards of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Collecting data of a project named Surveillance of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace in 2019 through the National Surveillance System for Occupational Hazards in the workplace. Compare the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in 63 563 enterprises of mining and manufacturing industries among different dimensions. Results: The training rate of managers was 76.17% and that of occupational health managers was 76.97%. The rate of reporting of occupational diseases hazardous items was 67.58%, the rate of launching of the detection of occupational hazards was 57.16%, and the rate of launching of occupational health examination was 62.42%. Excluding the distribution rate of dust mask, the installation rate of various occupational prevention facilities and the distribution rate of gas mask and hearing protector were less than 80%. The differences in all the indicators among different areas, enterprise scales, economic types were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There are still some enterprises which are relatively weak in the ability of the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in China. Measures such as special support, guidance and strengthen supervision should be taken towards those enterprises toimprove the awareness of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the level of that.
Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Diseases/prevention & control* ; Manufacturing Industry ; Workplace ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Health

Objective: To understand the late reporting and the under-reporting of occupational disease from 2018 to 2020 in China and analyze the causes, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the quality of occupational disease reports in China, timely acquiring the incidence of occupational disease, and assessing the occupational hazards. Methods: From May to December 2021, A total of 320 occupational disease diagnostic institutions were selected for investigation. The original documents of occupational disease diagnosis cases from 2018 to 2020 were compared with the online reported cases, and late reported and under-reported cases of occupational disease were analyzed. Results: A total of 32207 diagnosed cases from 2018 to 2020 were investigated, including 28934 confirmed cases and 3273 cases without occupational disease. The overall late reported rate and under-reported rate of confirmed cases were 20.2% and 2.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases in different regions and different types of diagnostic institutions (P<0.001). The southwest region had the highest rates of late reporting and under-reporting, 61.6% and 7.9% respectively. The late reported rate of all kinds of occupational diseases was about 15.0%, and the under-reported rate was from 1.5.0% to 5.0%. Conclusion: At present, the phenomenon of late reporting and under-reporting occupational diseases is still obvious. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection of occupational disease reporting, improve the quality of occupational disease reporting, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.
Humans ; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Incidence

Objective: To explore the relevant factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dentists through Meta analysis, providing a basis for the prevention and control of WMSDs among dentists. Methods: In April 2022, cross-sectional research literatures on the prevalence correlation of WMSDs among Chinese dentists were searched in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Em Base database. The search was conducted from the establishment of the database until April 2022, literatures were selected using keywords such as musculoskeletal disorders and dentists. To extract gender, age, length of service, disease classification and other related influencing factors as indicator, and prevalence was selected as the outcome indicator. After evaluating the quality of the literatures, RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the combined RD (95%CI) values of the included literatures. Results: A total of 15 articles were included, with a total sample size of 3646 people. Meta analysis results showed that the prevalence of WMSDs among dentists in China was 80%, and the top three parts of the incidence rates were 65% of the waist, 58% of the neck, and 50% of the back. Gender, age, length of service, region and disease classification all increased the risk of WMSDs, and the combined effect size were 75%, 78%, 71%, 77% and 82% respectively (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The occurrence of WMSDs among dentists in China is related to multiple factors such as gender, age, length of service and disease classification. The above risk factors should be taken into account in the workplace and preventive measures should be actively implemented to prolong the working life of dentists.
Humans ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; China/epidemiology* ; Dentists

Objective: To analyze the case characteristics of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by occupational irritant chemicals (OI-COPD). To provide basis for revising its diagnostic criteria. Methods: From June to December 2021, we investigated the information of OI-COPD patients confirmed by Shandong Institute of Occupational Health and Prevention of Occupational Diseases, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao Central Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University and other diagnostic institutions in the past five years, a total of 41 cases. The basic information of OI-COPD cases, occupational risk factors exposure information, medical history, smoking history and clinical symptoms were analyzed retrospectively. The measurement data were tested for normal distribution, which was described by x±s, and compared between groups by t test; Those who do not conform to the normal distribution are described by the median [M (Q(1), Q(3)) ] and analyzed by nonparametric test; The counting data were expressed in frequency and rate (% ), and the comparison between groups was tested. Results: Of the 41 cases, 33 were male and 8 were female. The age of the patient diagnosed with OI-COPD was (49.5±10.3) years old, and the minimum age was 30 years old; Among them, 8 patients had a definite long-term smoking history (more than 5 years) ; The exposure duration of occupational risk factors was (18.6±10.3) years, of which 3 patients had exposure duration of less than 5 years; The occupational risk factors leading to OI-COPD include acids and acid-forming compounds, bases, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, chlorine and its compounds, etc. The exposure level of occupational risk factors is related to the degree of COPD airflow restriction (χ(2)=6.17, P <0.05). 18 patients with diagnosis age <50 years old were diagnosed as early-onset COPD. The incidence of respiratory symptoms in the early diagnosis COPD group was lower than that in the non-early diagnosis COPD group, and the FEV1% pred was significantly higher than that in the non-early diagnosis COPD group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01 ) . Conclusion: The exposure level of occupational risk factors may be the risk factor affecting the degree of COPD airflow restriction. With the increase of the exposure level of COPD patients, the proportion of respiratory symptoms will also increase accordingly.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis* ; Lung ; Risk Factors ; Occupational Diseases/diagnosis* ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects*

Objective: To investigate the influence of individual factors and labor organization on the prevalence of neck pain (hereinafter referred to as neck pain) in automotive assemblers, and to provide a basis for enterprises to optimize neck pain interventions. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was taken in January 2021, at an automobile manufacturing plant in Shiyan, 656 assemblers with ≥1.0 years of service were selected, the "Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire" was used to investigate the incidence and influencing factors of neck pain. Pearson χ(2) test or trend χ(2) test was used to compare the data rates. The influencing factors of neck pain were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence rate of neck pain (hereinafter referred to as the prevalence rate of neck pain) of automobile assemblers within one year was 53.94% (342/634) . The prevalence of neck pain in women was higher than that in men (69.1% vs 48.6%, P<0.01) . The prevalence of neck pain was related to length of service, self-assessment of fatigue, working hours per week, working in the same workshop, rest days per shift, and accumulated rest time per shift (P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of neck pain in women was 2.434 times higher than that in men; The risk of neck pain increased by 18.9% for each hour of work per week; Rest during work was a protective factor for neck pain. The number of rest per shift increased and the risk of neck pain decreased (r=0.405, 0.311, 0.302, 95%CI=0.205~0.803, 0.169~0.572, 0.142~0.642, P<0.05) . Conclusion: The annual prevalence of neck pain was higher in automobile assemblers. Enterprises should fully consider the influencing factors such as gender, working hours per week and the number of breaks when arranging production.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Neck Pain/epidemiology* ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and Influence factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dental nurses in tertiary stomatology hospitals. Methods: From June to July 2020, 1321 dental nurses from 18 tertiary stomatology hospitals in 18 provinces of China were enrolled as research subjects through a phased sampling method. The cross-sectional study was performed with validated instruments including the basic information questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, Nurse-Physician Collaboration Scale, and Chinese Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, so as to get the information about the social demography information, nursing-physician cooperation, work stress and the incidence of WMSDs. The influenang factors of WMSDs was analyzed. Results: The past prevalence, annual prevalence, and weekly prevalence of WMSDs were 80.8% (1067/1321) , 68.7% and 43.7% (575/1321) . 58.4% (771/1321) of nurses had WMSDs in three or more body parts. Neck (51.4%) , waist (42.2%) and shoulder (41.6%) were the top three body regions in the past year. The absenteeism rate due to musculoskeletal disorders ranged from 3.5% to 9.0%, waist (8.9%) and neck (8.0%) were the top two body regions. Working more than 40 hours per week (OR=1.74, P<0.001) and effect/reward>1 (OR=1.50, P=0.002) were risk factors of WMSDs (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.32~2.30; OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.17~1.92, P<0.05) , while regular physical exercise every week (≥30 min per times) was the protective factor (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.56~0.97, P=0.030) . Conclusion: The prevalence rate of WMSDs of dental nurses in China was high, and most of the nurses suffered with many body parts. Thus, we should reduce controllable occupational stresso, ensuring adequate rest and strengthening physical exercise to reduce the incidence of WMSDs.
Humans ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Dental Assistants ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk Factors