Increased fat intake is known to be a major cause of prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary high fat on prostate intraepithelial neoplasia using transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Six-week-old male TRAMP mice were fed AIN93G (control group, 4.0 kcal/kg, n=6) and AIN93G-HFD (experimental group, 4.8 kcal/kg, n=7) for 10 weeks. Prostate histopathology, urogenital tract (UGT) weight, epididymal white adipose tissue weight, argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) counts, and serum leptin levels were examined. AIN93G-HFD fed group showed progressed neoplastic lesions in the prostate (P<0.05) compared to AIN93G fed group. AIN93G-HFD intake resulted in a increase in the weight of UGT (P<0.05) and epididymal white adipose tissue. The number of Ag-NOR positive dots significantly increased in each prostate lobe and final serum leptin levels in AIN93G-HFD fed group were about twice those of AIN93G fed group (P<0.05). Dietary high fat was related to the prostate cancer progression in the early stage of TRAMP mice and increased serum leptin levels, suggesting that the regulation of dietary components could delay the progression of prostate cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adipose Tissue, White ; Animals ; Humans ; Leptin ; Male ; Mice ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms

The authors of the present study report the prenatal detection of a chromosomal abnormality with additional satellites on the distal short arm of chromosome 8. A 35-year-old woman was referred for amniocentesis because of her advanced maternal age and positive result for maternal serum screening test. Cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniocytes showed a satellite 8p chromosome. The satellite 8p chromosome was positive for nucleolus organizer region (NOR) staining. The parents' karyotypes were normal. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study for metaphases of fetal amniocytes revealed a cryptic translocation of chromosomes 8p and 22p. The fetal karyotype was described as 46,XY,8ps.ish t(8;22)(p23.3;p11.2) (D8S504-;D8S504+)dn. The parents decided to continue the pregnancy and a phenotypically normal boy was born at 38 weeks of gestation. In case of de novo terminal NORs detected prenatally, more accurate cytogenetic and molecular analysis should be performed in order to rule out cryptic chromosomal rearrangement among other chromosomes.
Adult ; Amniocentesis ; Arm ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Karyotype ; Mass Screening ; Maternal Age ; Metaphase ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Parents ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

Toxoplasma gondii GRA10 expressed as a GFP-GRA10 fusion protein in HeLa cells moved to the nucleoli within the nucleus rapidly and entirely. GRA10 was concentrated specifically in the dense fibrillar component of the nucleolus morphologically by the overlap of GFP-GRA10 transfection image with IFA images by monoclonal antibodies against GRA10 (Tg378), B23 (nucleophosmin) and C23 (nucleolin). The nucleolar translocalization of GRA10 was caused by a putative nucleolar localizing sequence (NoLS) of GRA10. Interaction of GRA10 with TATA-binding protein associated factor 1B (TAF1B) in the yeast two-hybrid technique was confirmed by GST pull-down assay and immunoprecipitation assay. GRA10 and TAF1B were also co-localized in the nucleolus after co-transfection. The nucleolar condensation of GRA10 was affected by actinomycin D. Expressed GFP-GRA10 was evenly distributed over the nucleoplasm and the nucleolar locations remained as hollows in the nucleoplasm under a low dose of actinomycin D. Nucleolar localizing and interacting of GRA10 with TAF1B suggested the participation of GRA10 in rRNA synthesis of host cells to favor the parasitism of T. gondii.
Alpha-Amanitin/pharmacology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis/metabolism ; Antibodies, Protozoan/analysis/metabolism ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Gene Expression/*physiology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Hela Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Nucleolus Organizer Region/drug effects/*metabolism ; Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Sorting Signals/physiology ; Protozoan Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Toxoplasma/*physiology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pre-post operational change of argyrophilic-nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) in peripheral T-lymphocyte of patients with gastric carcinoma (GC), and to explore the effect of shenqi fuzheng injection(SFI) on it.

METHODSEighty five patients were divided into two groups according to the operation performed was radical or non-radical, and the two groups were subdivided into two by additional intravenous dripping of SFI was given to them or not. The content of Ag-NORs in peripheral T-lymphocyte in all patients before and after operation as well as in 12 healthy subjects was determined.

RESULTSContent of Ag-NORs in GC patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy subject (P < 0.01), which significantly increased after patients underwent radical operation (P < 0. 01 or P < 0.05), especially in those treated with SFI (P < 0.01). While in patients underwent non-radical operation but not treated with SFI, it showed insignificant change after operation, however it did significantly increase in those treated with SFI (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe immune function of T lymphocyte was low in patients with gastric carcinoma, post-operational adjuvant treatment of SFI can significantly improve the cellular immunity of patients.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Silver Staining ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; surgery ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of Ag-NORs of T lymphocytes and hemorheological indexes in old patients with blood stasis (BS) syndrome.

METHODSAg-NORs of T lymphocytes and hemorheological indexes in 54 old patients with blood stasis syndrome in the BS group were determined and compared with those in the control group consisted of 36 healthy persons.

RESULTSContents of Ag-NORs of T lymphocytes in the BS group and the control group were 5.857 +/- 0.396 and 6.111 +/- 0.541, respectively, showing significant difference (P < 0.05). Some abnormal hemorheological indexes were seen in the BS group, which were significant different to those in the control group (P < 0.05 ). Correlation analysis showed that RVP, ESR, K1 and K2 were negatively correlated with Ag-NORs of T lymphocytes (r = -0.273, -0.335, -0.301, -0.276 respectively; P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), while aggregation index was positively correlated with Ag-NORs of T lymphocytes (r = 0.389, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe lowered Ag-NORs of T lymphocytes and abnormal hemorrheological changes might be one of the important reasons for the lowered immunity of aged patients with BS syndrome.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; pathology ; Silver Staining ; Syndrome ; T-Lymphocytes ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the Ag-NORs expressive character of T lymphocyte in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor and evaluate its diagnostic value for the patients.

METHODSNucleolar organizer regions(NORs) of T lymphocyte from 86 normal adults, 102 patients with oral and maxillofacial benign tumors and 87 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors were analyzed through KL imaging system.

RESULTSThere was significant difference among normal adults, benign and malignant patients (P < 0.01). Their average I.S% values were 7.87 +/- 0.12, 5.72 +/- 0.14, 4.19 +/- 0.13, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of Ag-NORs of T lymphocyte has definite relation with oral and maxillofacial tumors; detection of Ag-NORs might play valuable in diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial tumors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, Nuclear ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; immunology ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; immunology ; metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; metabolism ; Silver Staining ; T-Lymphocytes ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of the invasive front grading (IFG), the proliferative activity of cells at the invasive tumor front (ITF) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of tongue.

METHODSAll the tumors were graded using IFG grading. The expression of PCNA, Ki67 and staining and measurement of AgNOR number were evaluated at the ITF and the other parts of the same tumor.

RESULTSThe expression of PCNA (P < 0.001), Ki67 (P < 0.001), AgNOR number (P < 0.001) at the ITF were higher than those of other parts. The IFG score was significantly correlated with the expression of PCNA (P < 0.05), AgNOR number (P < 0.01) at the ITF. The complete IFG score (P < 0.01) was significant in both univariate and multivariate cox analysis; the AgNOR number at the ITF (P < 0.05) was only significant in univariate analysis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ITF of SCCs of tongue differentiate poorer than the other parts and is active in proliferation. The complete IFG score and the AgNOR number at the ITF could be a valuable indication to predict the prognosis of SCCs of tongue.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Division ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; pathology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; Tongue Neoplasms ; pathology

Aneuploidy ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; S Phase

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of nuclear morphometric parameters, DNA content and Ag-NOR count in the differentiating malignant and benign ameloblastomas.

METHODSTotally 17 cases of malignant ameloblastomas were examined by using HE, AgNOR and DNA stain methods. Morphometric parameters of cell nuclei, DNA content and AgNOR count were quantitatively studied by using an image analysis system.

RESULTSSeven parameters (area, perimeter, equal diameter, minor diameter, mean diameter, round index, axis ratio) out of ten shape factors were significantly different between malignant and benign ameloblastoma (P < 0.01). AgNOR count and DNA index in malignant ameloblastoma were significantly higher than those in benign ameloblastoma (P < 0.01). Logistic regression equation was established, according to nuclear morphormetric parameters and DNA index.

CONCLUSIONQuantitative analysis of DAN content, nuclear morphmetric parameters and AgNOR count may be helpful in differentiating malignant and benign ameloblastomas.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ameloblastoma ; pathology ; Child ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; ultrastructure ; Odontogenic Tumors ; pathology ; Silver Staining

Thioacetamide (TA) is converted into a hyperacetylating agent which causes hepatic necrosis, regeneration, cirrhosis and cancerous transformation. One of the most characteristic toxicities of TA in rat is observed with a 50 mg/kg per day which induces nucleolar enlargement different from that in regenerating liver. From TA-treated liver, the nucleoli were isolated and characterized for an altered nucleolar signal transduction system. Immunochemistry revealed that the poisoned nucleoli had increased levels of both nucleolus specific proteins (nucleophosmin and nucleolin) and various signal molecules (CK2, Erk1/2, p38, protein kinases A and C, and cyclin A). Using flow cytometry, the nucleoli were found to be in G2-arrested nuclei. Manifestation of the nucleolar enlargement could be readily observed using an ex vivo hepatocyte culture. There were two types of nucleolar enlargement. One was observed in normal hepatocytes with light density of enlarged nucleoli. The other was in TA-treated hepatocytes with dense and compact density of enlarged nucleoli, which contained a 3 to 5-fold higher nudeophosmin content than the control. In vitro induction of nucleolar enlargement with TA was possible. As soon as the hepatocytes anchored on a collagen coat, exogeneous TA (higher than 1 microg/mL) could induce dense and compact nucleoli. However, when an exogeneous drug was added after monolayer formation (1 day), no drug-induced nucleolar enlargement was observed.
Animal ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; G2 Phase/drug effects ; Hepatocytes/ultrastructure ; Hepatocytes/drug effects* ; Male ; Nucleolus Organizer Region/physiology ; Nucleolus Organizer Region/drug effects* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Thioacetamide/toxicity*