Psychological factors have become significant contributors to the onset and progression of insomnia. This article explored the treatment of insomnia from the perspective of “liver governs wei qi （defensive qi）”. The concept of “liver governs wei qi （defensive qi）” is summarized in three aspects， firstly， the liver assists the spleen and stomach in transformation and transportation， governing the generation of wei qi； secondly， the liver aids lung qi diffusion and dispersion， governing the distribution of wei qi； thirdly， the liver regulates circadian rhythms， governing the circulation of wei qi. It is proposed that the clinical treatment of insomnia should focus on the following methods： for regulating the liver to harmonize the five viscera， and facilitate the circulation of wei qi， medicinals entering the liver channel include Chaihu （Bupleuri radix）， Baishao （Paeoniae Radix Alba）， Zhizi （Gardeniae Fructus）， and Suanzaoren （Ziziphi Spinosae Semen） could be commonly used； for nourishing the liver， the treatment should align with the day-night rhythm， and herbs such as Baihe （Lilium）， Hehuan （Albizia julibrissin）， and Yejiaoteng （Polygoni multiflori caulis） are commonly used； for soothing the liver and address both mental and physical health to calm wei qi， treatment should advocate verbal counseling， psychological regulation， and health education. Ultimately， this treatment approach can free liver qi to flow， soothe qi movement， restore the motion of wei qi， regulate during day and night， balance yin and yang， and resolve insomnia effectively.

ObjectivePatients with hepatic glycogen storage disease（GSD）have recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. This study aimed to investigate and analyze blood glucose and biochemical indicators in pediatric patients with hepatic GSD， thus provide data support for hypoglycemia prevention and its clinical management. MethodsA cross-sectional field study was conducted among patients with hepatic GSD treated in the Department of Pediatrics of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital on July 14， 2024. We collected the peripheral blood samples of the patients and their healthy family controls on site， then analyzed and compared their blood glucose and biochemical indicators. ResultsOf the 44 patients with hepatic GSD， there were 34 males and 10 females， including GSD Ib（n =14）， GSD Ia（n=15）， GSD Ⅲ（n=2）， GSD Ⅵ（n=7）and GSD Ⅸ（n=6）. The average age was 7.60（5.08-11.98）years. All patients were on uncooked cornstarch（UCCS）therapy. Of the patients， 77.3%（34/44）had hepatomegaly， 61.4%（27/44）had recurrent hypoglycemia， 61.4%（27/44）had blood glucose ≤ 3.9 mmol/L， 18.2%（8/44）had blood glucose ≤ 2.8 mmol/L， and none of the 8 cases was GSD Ib. The lowest blood glucose level was 1.19 mmol/L and no episodes of hypoglycemia occurred. Of the family control subjects， 65.9%（29/44）had blood glucose ≤ 3.9 mmol/L. There was no significant difference in hypoglycemia prevalence between hepatic GSD group and control group（P=0.658）. The hepatic GSD patients had hyperlactacemia， hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia prevalence rates of 65.9%， 45.5% and 9.1%， respectively， as compared with 18.2%， 43.2% and 15.9%， respectively， for the family control subjects. No significant difference was found in the prevalence rates of hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia between the two groups（P=0.830 and P=0.334， respectively）. ConclusionsAsymptomatic hypoglycemia is common in patients with hepatic GSD， especially in non-GSD-Ib patients. It is necessary to optimize the diet management of UCCS， conduct dynamic blood glucose monitoring and follow a light diet， so as to decrease hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia， avoid and reduce the serious adverse reactions and complications caused by severe hypoglycemia.

[Objective] To establish a method for detecting the potency of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅶa for injection. [Methods] By adding the sample and factor Ⅶ deficient plasma to the sample cup and activating the reaction with prothrombin time assay reagent (PT reagent), the coagulation time of the sample was determined by the change in magnetic bead swing amplitude in the sample cup. The logarithm of coagulation time was inversely proportional to the logarithm of human factor Ⅶa potency. [Results] Under the experimental conditions, the specificity of the methodology was evaluated through spiked recovery, and the recovery rates ranged from 90.0% to 110.0%. Within the range from 0.125 to 1.000 IU/mL, there was a good linear response between the potency and coagulation time of the standard and sample, with correlation coefficients r>0.99. As for the accuracy and repeatability, the recovery rates of various concentrations detected in the stock solution were 101.0%, 100.0% and 112.0%, respectively, with RSD values of 2.6%, 4.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The recovery rates of various concentrations in finished product testing were 104.0%, 94.7% and 112.0%, respectively, with RSD values of 1.9%, 2.4% and 0.0%, respectively. As for the intermediate precision, the RSD were 4.5% and 3.7%, respectively. After treated with sample diluent, the sample was tested at room temperature for 6 hours and still exhibited relatively stable biological activity. [Conclusion] This detection method is accurate, stable, easy to operate and highly automated, and is suitable for detecting the potency of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅶa for Injection.

Phakic intraocular lens implantation has become one of the important means of correcting refractive errors today. Among them,the implantable collamer lens(ICL)is favored for its wide range of correction, excellent optical quality, and high safety, but the risks of postoperative complications such as glaucoma and anterior subcapsular opacification still exist. Vault is an important indicator for evaluating the safety after ICL implantation, and its ideal state is crucial for preventing complications. Studies have shown that iris morphology has a significant impact on vault. In order to further optimize surgical outcomes and improve surgical safety, this review comprehensively reviews the research progress of iris-related parameters in ICL implantation and discusses the importance of various parameters in preoperative evaluation and postoperative follow-up.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease involving multiple cells and cellular components， characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing， shortness of breath， chest tightness， and coughing， significantly impacting patients' quality of life. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， as a crucial hub in intracellular signaling， is widely involved in the regulation of cell growth， proliferation， survival， metabolism， and a series of pathophysiological processes. Its regulatory role in the pathological progression of asthma is particularly significant， specifically in promoting airway inflammation， mediating epithelial mesenchymal transition， accelerating airway remodeling， regulating cell autophagy， inducing mucus hypersecretion， and influencing immune response balance. This study analyzed potential molecular targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway， including activators such as cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1（CST1）， found in inflammatory zone 1（FIZZ1） and free fatty acid receptor 1（FFAR1）， and inhibitors such as human β-defensin-3（hBD-3）， disintegrins， metalloproteinase 33（ADAM33） and interleukin-27（IL-27）， and initially revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in asthma intervention. Based on this， the authors systematically summarized the efficacy and specific mechanisms of TCM monomers， compounds， and external treatments for asthma by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through literature review and analysis， aiming at establishing a robust foundation for the wide application and advanced development of TCM in asthma treatment， offering innovative insights for clinical research and drug development of asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease involving multiple cells and cellular components， characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing， shortness of breath， chest tightness， and coughing， significantly impacting patients' quality of life. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， as a crucial hub in intracellular signaling， is widely involved in the regulation of cell growth， proliferation， survival， metabolism， and a series of pathophysiological processes. Its regulatory role in the pathological progression of asthma is particularly significant， specifically in promoting airway inflammation， mediating epithelial mesenchymal transition， accelerating airway remodeling， regulating cell autophagy， inducing mucus hypersecretion， and influencing immune response balance. This study analyzed potential molecular targets of the PI3K/Akt pathway， including activators such as cysteine proteinase inhibitor 1（CST1）， found in inflammatory zone 1（FIZZ1） and free fatty acid receptor 1（FFAR1）， and inhibitors such as human β-defensin-3（hBD-3）， disintegrins， metalloproteinase 33（ADAM33） and interleukin-27（IL-27）， and initially revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in asthma intervention. Based on this， the authors systematically summarized the efficacy and specific mechanisms of TCM monomers， compounds， and external treatments for asthma by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through literature review and analysis， aiming at establishing a robust foundation for the wide application and advanced development of TCM in asthma treatment， offering innovative insights for clinical research and drug development of asthma.

Aim To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on cognitive function in APP/PS 1 double- transgenic mice, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of ellagic acid on the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus of double-transgenic mice based on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β) signaling pathway. Methods Thirty-two SPF-grade 6-month-old APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely, APP/PS 1 group, APP/PS1 + EA group, APP/PS1 + LY294002 group, APP/PS 1 + EA + LY294002 group, with eight mice in each group, and eight SPF-grade C57BL/6J wild type mice ( Wild type) were selected as the blank control group. The APP/PS 1 + EA group was given 50 mg · kg

AIM:To establish a nomogram model to predict the effect of serum ferritin on diabetic retinopathy and evaluate the model.METHODS:A total of 21 variables, including ferritin, were screened by univariate and multivariate regression analysis to determine the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. A nomogram prediction model was established for evaluation and calibration.RESULTS:Ferritin, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin, urine microalbumin, regularity of medication and body mass index were included in the nomogram model. The consistency index of the prediction model with serum ferritin was 0.813(95%CI: 0.748-0.879). The calibration curves of internal and external verification showed good performance, and the probability of the threshold suggested by the decision curve was in the range 10% to 90%. The model had a high net profit value.CONCLUSIONS:Serum ferritin is an important risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. A new nomogram model, which includes body mass index, duration of diabetes, ferritin, hemoglobin, urine microalbumin and regularity of medication, has a high predictive accuracy and could provide early prediction for clinicians.

Objective To explore the correlation between hospitalization for severe asthma and climate change among adult residents in Dalian. Methods Clinical data of asthma inpatients in Dalian First Affiliated Hospital from January to December 2022 were collected, and assigned into severe asthma group and non-severe asthma group according to the diagnostic criteria of severe asthma. Spirometer was used for the measurement of (forced expiratory volume in the first second , FEV1) and (forced vital capacity , FVC), and the serum white blood cell count and C-reactive protein level were measured by biochemical analyzer. Meantime, meteorological parameters including monthly average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and duration of sunshine hours were also collected. Then Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to discuss the correlation between the number of hospitalizations for severe asthma and meteorological parameters. Of the 260 asthma patients, 153 had severe asthma and 107 had non-severe asthma. There were 85 male and 68 female patients with severe asthma. The onset age distribution of severe asthma was concentrated at 60-79 years old, with 94 cases, followed by 50-59 years old (n=26). The peak time of onset in each year was from March to May, with 14, 19 and 16 cases, respectively. The secondary peak was from November to January, with 15, 18 and 13 cases, and there were fewer hospital admissions from June to October. FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values were smaller in severe asthma group than in non-severe asthma group, while the white blood cell count and C-reactive protein levels were higher than those in non severe asthma group (P<0.05). The average monthly temperature in Dalian began to rise in January, reached a peak in August, and then gradually dropped, with the lowest temperature in December. The monthly average humidity reached the peak from July to September. The monthly mean wind speed reached its peak from November to December. The monthly average sunshine reached its peak from June to September. Spearman correlation analysis denoted that the number of hospitalization for severe asthma was not correlated with average sunshine hours and wind speed (P>0.05), but was negatively correlated with average temperature and humidity (P<0.05). Conclusion The number of hospital admissions for severe asthma in Dalian varies with the seasons, therefore, early and active interventions are of great value in preventing severe asthma in months with high variations in temperature and humidity.

Objective To investigate the current status of semen testing in the hospitals without assisted reproductive technology in Hu-nan Province,propose improvement strategies to enhance the diagnosis of male infertility and promote reproductive health services in these hospitals.Methods Questionnaire surveys and on-site investigations were conducted to examine the semen testing status in 67 hospitals without assisted reproductive technology in Hunan Province.The existing problems were summarized,and improvement strate-gies were suggested.Results Among the 67 hospitals,59.7％(40/67)performed semen testing.Of these,45％(18/40)possessed dedicated personnel,60％(24/40)possessed staff received relevant training,and 22.5％(9/40)held certificates.Only 30％(12/40)conducted sperm morphology testing,among them 20％(8/40)able to stain and interpret following WHO standards.The hospitals of 37.5％(15/40)used computer-assisted sperm analysis(CASA)systems,and 22.5％(9/40)were equipped with phase-contrast microscopes.30％(12/40)had dedicated examination areas,and 32.5％(13/40)had independent ejaculation rooms,17.5％(7/40)used disposable slides to observe sperm concentration.In 2022,the hospitals of 57.5％(23/40)had an average daily sample volume＜1.The hospital of 67.5％(27/40)performed standard operating procedures,40％(16/40)followed the WHO 5th la-boratory manual for routine testing,15％(6/40)conducted internal quality control,and 12.5％(5/40)participated in external quali-ty assessment(EQA).Another 55％(22/40)wished to participate in EQA.Conclusion The semen testing capacity in the hospitals,in which assisted reproductive technology is not yet carried out currently,urgently requiring multifaceted improvements.The proposed strategies include emphasizing semen testing,establishing reproductive medicine consortia for comprehensive support,establishing a provincial quality control center for EQA,founding a professional committee for a learning platform,offering training to enhance staff expertise,and including the pre-pregnancy semen testing in public health programs.