Fiber photometry is a sensitive and easy way to detect changes in fluorescent signals. The combination of fiber photometry with various fluorescent biomarkers has substantially advanced neuroscience research over the last decade. Despite the wide use of fiber photometry in biomedical fields, the lack of a detailed and comprehensive protocol has limited progress and sometimes complicated the interpretation of data. Here, we describe detailed procedures of fiber photometry for the long-term monitoring of neuronal activity in freely-behaving animals, including surgery, apparatus setup, data collection, and analysis.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Optical Fibers ; Optical Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Photometry ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To review endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system, and to explore the application value of Fusion image guided system in endonasal endoscopic surgeries. METHOD: Retrospective research. Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system were analysed including chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp (n = 10), fungus sinusitis (n = 5), endoscopic optic nerve decompression (n = 16), inverted papilloma of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), ossifying fibroma of sphenoid bone (n = 1), malignance of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 5), hemangioma of orbital apex (n = 2) and orbital reconstruction (n = 3). RESULT: Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries completed successfully without any complications. Fusion image guided system can help to identify the ostium of paranasal sinus, lamina papyracea and skull base. Fused CT-CTA images, or fused MR-MRA images can help to localize the optic nerve or internal carotid arteiy . Fused CT-MR images can help to detect the range of the tumor. It spent (7.13 ± 1.358) minutes for image guided system to do preoperative preparation and the surgical navigation accuracy reached less than 1mm after proficient. There was no device localization problem because of block or head set loosed. CONCLUSION Fusion image guided system make endonasal endoscopic surgery to be a true microinvasive and exact surgery. It spends less preoperative preparation time, has high surgical navigation accuracy, improves the surgical safety and reduces the surgical complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Sphenoid Bone ; pathology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of monitoring transcranial electrically stimulated motor evoked potential (MEP) and its impact on postoperative motor function after surgical clipping of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: A total of 69 aneurysm patients were monitored for MEP during surgery. The postoperative and preoperative neurological function variation and the correlation between them were compared. RESULTS: MEP deteriorated in 9/68 patients, 6 of the deteriorated MEP returned to normal within 1-40 min, and no new motor deficit emerged. 3 of MEP failed to return to the baseline, which were consistent with postoperative motor function deficit. CONCLUSION Changes in MEP could serve as early indication of the cerebral ischemia, predicting postoperative motor function and providing a guide to a safe time for temporary clipping. FNMEP monitoring is a safe and reliable tool for the integrity of facial nerve pathway in giant aneurysm surgery.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; physiology ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Neurons ; physiology ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Postoperative Period ; Surgical Instruments ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the anesthetic management for neurosurgery using intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI).

METHODSThirty patients with intracranial tumor received MRI for preoperative safety screening and the operation was performed with general anesthesia and support by MRI-compatible machines. The operative time, frequency and duration of MRI, MRI-related time (from the preparation for MRI to the beginning of the surgery), time delay by MRI, body temperature at the initial iMRI and special issues related to the scanning and perioperative anesthesia were recorded.

RESULTSThirty patients successfully completed the operations without any incidents related to anesthesia or scanning. The mean frequency of MRI was 1.8, the mean duration of MRI was 29.24 ∓ 10.10 min, and the MRI-related time was 43.83 ∓ 10.23 min; the time delay MRI was 92.63 ∓ 28.31 min, and the body temperature was significantly higher at 2 h after MRI than that after induction.

CONCLUSIONIn the anesthetic management for neurosurgery with iMRI, the anesthesiologists should focus on the safety precaution and anesthetic modulation according to the special environment and procedure of iMRI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia ; methods ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; instrumentation ; methods ; Neuronavigation ; methods ; Neurosurgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the advantages of image guidance system in endoscopic optic nerve decompression of traumatic occlusion optic neuropathy affiliated with cerebrospinal rhinorrhea. METHOD: Retrospective review of 15 traumatic occlusion optic neuropathy affiliated with cerebrospinal rhinorrhea at our department between June 2006 and June 2010. Witch were performed endoscopic optic nerve decompression and cerebrospinal rhinorrhea euplastic by image guidance system. RESULT: After 3 months to 1 year follow-up, All the cases with cerebrospinal rhinorrhea euplastic were successful. Two cases recovered to 0.3-0.6 in visual activity. Two cases to 0.1-0.3. One case was less than 0.1. Two cases could see hand movement and 2 cases had light perception. Total effective rate was 60 percent (9/15). CONCLUSION Image guidance system combined with endoscopy provides accurate localization and identifies the operative borders and critical anatomical structure of skull base, optic nerve and internal carotid artery,and also clearly indicate their adjacent relations,also decreases surgical invasions and complications. Image guidance system can improve the accuracy and safety, particularly in local anatomic structure due to the trauma caused by changes in the relationship. It is a safety and effective therapy method.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; complications ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroimaging ; instrumentation ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

A surgical navigation system based on X-rays of C-arm with a calibration target has been studied and developed. Extracting images of markers in the two templates on the calibration target, the system is able to establish the relationship between different markers coordinates in different coordinate systems using the algorithm based on the layout of specific markers. The correction of X-ray image distortion and C-arm camera calibration are performed using the images of calibration target as bases. After the parameters of the C-arm projection model being determined, an X-ray image of surgical site will be acquired preoperatively; the surgical instruments will be tracked by the optical position system, and then virtual projections of instruments can be formed on preoperative images. Surgeons will perform operations with the guidance of the system. The C-arm can be used less frequently and the X-ray radiation can be reduced. Cadaveric spine specimen experiments and error analysis have underpinned the clinical feasibility of the system.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Calibration ; Fluoroscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; methods ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Patient Care Planning ; Preoperative Care

The external wrapping of intracranial aneurysm is the definitive treatment of choice for surgical clipping or endovascular occlusion, yet there may exist considerable difficulties and risks because so far neither ideal wrapping techniques nor ideal wrapping materials have been obtained. An encapsulated aneurysm clip with biomembrane graft across the vessels is introduced in this article. By clipping the neck and wrapping the sack of aneurysm simultaneously, this clip successfully solves the problems of unreasonable encapsulated materials and techniques; it has been proved to be an effective method for treating intracranial refractory aneurysms.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; surgery ; Ligation ; instrumentation ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods

Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods

Chronic neck and arm pain or cervicobrachialgia commonly occurs with the degeneration of cervical spine. Authors investigated the usefulness of radiofrequency (RF) neurotomies of cervical medial branches in patients with cervicobrachialgia and analyzed the factors which can influence the treatment outcome. Demographic data, types of pain distribution, responses of double controlled blocks, electrical stimulation parameters, numbers and levels of neurotomies, and surgical outcomes were evaluated after mean follow-up of 12 months. Pain distribution pattern was not significantly correlated with the results of diagnostic blocks. Average stimulation intensity was 0.45 V, ranging from 0.3 to 0.69, to elicit pain response in cervical medial branches. The most common involvement of nerve branches was C4 (89%), followed by C5 (82%), C6 (75%), and C7 (43%). Among total of 28 patients, nineteen (68%) reported successful outcome according to outcome criteria after 6 months of followup (p=0.001), and eight (42%) of 19 patients reported complete relief (100%) of pain. Four patients showed recurrence of pain between 6 and 12 months. It was therefore concluded that cervical medial branch neurotomy is considered useful therapeutic modality for the management of cervicobrachialgia in selected patients, particularly in degenerative zygapophyseal disorders.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Back Pain/etiology/surgery ; Brachial Plexus/pathology/*surgery ; Brachial Plexus Neuritis/complications/diagnosis/*surgery ; Chronic Disease ; Electrosurgery/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain/etiology/surgery ; Nerve Block/methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures/instrumentation/*methods ; Treatment Outcome