OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on expressions of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and neprilysin (NEP) which have the ability to degrade β-amyloid (Aβ) in neuroglia cells. METHODS: Primary mix-neuroglia cells were cultured from newborn SD rats. After exposure to BaP, Aβ_1-42 oligomer or Aβ_1-42 fiber individually or jointly for 24 h, the cell survival rate was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Afterwards, the primary mix-neuroglia cells were divided randomly into six groups: Control group, BaP group (2.00 μmol/L), Aβ_1-42 oligomer group (20.00 mg/L), BaP plus Aβ_1-42 oligomer group, Aβ_1-42 fiber group (20.00 mg/L) and BaP plus Aβ_1-42 fiber group, of which BaP was pretreated for 12 h followed by cotreatment with different aggregated Aβ_1-42. The expressions of IDE and NEP were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for mRNA level and Western blotting for protein level. RESULTS: The cell survival rate showed no significant differences after treatment with BaP (≤20.00 μmol/L), Aβ_1-42 oligomer (20.00, 40.00 mg/L), Aβ_1-42 fiber (20.00, 40.00 mg/L) or cotreatment with BaP and Aβ_1-42 oligomer or BaP and Aβ_1-42 fiber. Compared with the control group, expressions of IDE and NEP in BaP-treated alone group had no obvious change; however, exposure to Aβ_1-42 oligomer alone significantly increased the mRNA and protein level of IDE (P<0.05), and the BaP pretreatment could significantly inhibit the up-regulated expressions of IDE by Aβ_1-42 oligomer (P<0.05); on the other hand, exposure either to Aβ_1-42 fiber alone or under the BaP pretreatment did not change the mRNA and protein level of IDE and NEP obviously. CONCLUSION On the premise of no significant change of cell survival rate, BaP pretreatment inhibited the up-regulated expressions of IDE in primary mixed neuroglia cells under cotreatment with Aβ oligomer, indicating that BaP may disturb degradation of Aβ oligomer and cause deposition of β-amyloid and further induce cognitive decline and acceleration of Alzheimer.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Animals ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; Blotting, Western ; Insulysin/metabolism* ; Neprilysin/metabolism* ; Neuroglia/metabolism* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value of HGAL and LMO2 expression and compare with CD10 and bcl-6 in follicular lymphoma (FL).

METHODS63 cases of FL were collected from Guangdong General Hospital. The expression of HGAL, LMO2, CD10 and bcl-6 was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe expression rates of HGAL, LMO2, CD10 and bcl-6 were 98.4% (62/63), 82.5% (52/63), 82.5% (52/63) and 87.3% (55/63), respectively. The expression rate of HGAL was higher than those of LMO2, CD10 and bcl-6, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in HGAL, LMO2 and bcl-6 expression among FL1, FL2 and FL3 cases. The CD10 expression rate of FL1-3A cases was significantly higher than that of FL3B cases(P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSHGAL and LMO2, especially HGAL, can be used in FL particularly high grade FL as useful germinal center marker.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Germinal Center ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; LIM Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow biopsies are routinely performed for staging patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In addition to histomorphological studies, ancillary tools may be needed for accurate diagnosis. We investigated the clinical utility of multiparameter flow cytometric examination of bone marrow aspirates. METHODS: A total of 248 bone marrow specimens from 232 patients diagnosed with B-cell NHL were examined. Monoclonal antibodies directed against CD19, CD20, CD10 (or CD5), and kappa and lambda immunoglobulins were used. Multi-stage sequential gating was performed to select specific cells of interest, and the results were compared with bone marrow histology. RESULTS: The concordance rate between histomorphology and flow cytometry was 91.5% (n=227). Eight cases (3.2%) were detected by flow cytometry alone and were missed by histomorphology analysis, and 6 of these 8 cases showed minimal bone marrow involvement (0.09-2.2%). The diagnosis in these cases included large cell lymphoma (n=3), mantle cell lymphoma (n=3), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (n=2). Thirteen cases were histopathologically positive and immunophenotypically negative, and the diagnoses in these cases included diffuse large cell lymphoma (n=7), T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (n=2), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma (n=1), follicular lymphoma (n=1), MALT lymphoma (n=1), and unclassifiable lymphoma (n=1). CONCLUSIONS: Multi-color flow cytometry can be a useful method for assessing bone marrow in staging NHL and also plays a complementary role, especially in detecting small numbers of lymphoma cells.
Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, CD19/immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, CD20/immunology/metabolism ; Bone Marrow/*pathology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/*pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neprilysin/immunology/metabolism

No abstract available.
Adult ; Colon/diagnostic imaging ; Colonoscopy ; Coronary Stenosis/*diagnosis/etiology ; Endometriosis/complications/*diagnosis/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin/metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervix Uteri ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrosurgery ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Mesonephros ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of recurrent Müllerian adenofibroma (MAF) of the uterus.

METHODSClinicopathologic information of 7 cases of recurrent MAF of uterus was retrieved from January 1992 to April 2006 and compared with 12 cases of MAF without recurrence and 14 cases of low-grade Müllerian adenosarcoma (MAS). EnVision immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), smooth muscle actin (SMA), CD10, Ki-67 and p53 were performed in all cases.

RESULTSAll cases of recurrent MAF of the uterus were polypoid, lobulated, and broad based mass arising from the corpus or cervix. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of benign epithelial and mesenchymal components with low mitotic activity ( ≤ 1/10 HPF). The clinical and pathologic features of 3 recurrent tumors were similar to their primary tumors, while 4 cases of recurrent tumor presented with focally higher cellularity and mitotic activity, meeting the diagnostic criteria of adenosarcoma. The stromal expression patterns of ER, PR, SMA and p53 in recurrent MAF were similar to those of clinically benign MAF and low-grade MAS. Negative or focally positive stromal cell expression of CD10 was seen infrequently in recurrent MAF (1/7) and clinically benign MAF (1/12). In contrast, a moderate to strong CD10 staining was frequently seen in MAS (9/14, P < 0.05). The difference of Ki-67-labeling index between MAF and MAS did not reach a statistical significance (P > 0.05). Ki-67-labeling index increased in areas of periglandular stromal cuffing as compared with interglandular areas in all MAS cases, but it was not observed in either recurrent MAF or clinically benign MAF cases.

CONCLUSIONSRecurrent MAF may be associated with aggressive behavior. It is difficult to distinguish MAF from low-grade MAS. CD10 and Ki-67 staining pattern in stromal cells may be helpful for the differential diagnosis.

Adenofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Adult ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Keratin-8 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Mixed Tumor, Malignant ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Nephrectomy ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between myc gene rearrangement and myc protein expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and their correlation with prognosis.

METHODSOne hundred and six cases of DLBCLs with follow-up data were analyzed using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. Immunophenotyping analysis for CD20, CD3, myc, Mum-1, CD10, bcl-6 was also performed using EnVision immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe percentages of tumor cells expressing myc, Mum-1, CD10 and bcl-6 were 70.8%, 56.6%, 21.7% and 26.4%, respectively. Twenty six cases (24.5%) were of GCB type and the rest (75.5%) were of non-GCB (non germinal center) type. The myc rearrangement was identified in 13 (12.3%) of 106 cases. 13 cases showed to be of non-GCB type. There was no correlation between myc rearrangement and myc protein expression. DLBCLs (n = 13) with myc rearrangement showed significantly poorer overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS), with a median OS and PFS time of 4.7 and 3.2 months, respectively (for OS and PFS, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazard model confirmed that myc rearrangement, ECOG performance status of 2-4, immunophenotyping subgroup and myc protein were independent factors affecting the prognosis and significantly associated with the survival. However, myc rearrangement was the strongest prognostic factor.

CONCLUSIONSDLBCL with myc gene rearrangement is a subgroup of non-GCB DLBCL with poor outcome. It is an independent and useful factor for prognosis in DLBCL. Expression of myc is influenced by many factors and myc rearrangement may be one of these factors.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte ; Genes, myc ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was performed to determine the association between RUNX3 expression and Helicobacter pylori infection in premalignant gastric lesions. METHODS: We examined 107 patients with gastric epithelial dysplasia who had undergone endoscopic mucosal resection or submucosal dissection. All tissue samples were evaluated by RUNX3 staining and subclassified by immunophenotype. H. pylori infection in dysplastic lesions and the normal surrounding tissue was examined by silver staining, and cagA status was assessed by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The loss of RUNX3 expression was observed in 62 cases (57.9%), and an association with H. pylori infection was found in 54 cases (50.5%). The infection rate with the cagA-positive H. pylori strain was 63.0%. In RUNX3-negative lesions, the rate of H. pylori infection (p=0.03) and the frequency of category 4 lesions (according to the revised Vienna classification) were high (p=0.02). In addition, the gastric mucin phenotype was predominant. In RUNX3-negative category 4 lesions, the rate of cagA-positive H. pylori infection rate was high but not significantly increased (p=0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Infection with H. pylori is associated with inactivation of RUNX3 in early gastric carcinogenesis. This mechanism was prominent in gastric cancer with a gastric mucin phenotype.
Adenoma/*chemistry ; Aged ; Antigens, Bacterial/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Carcinoma/*chemistry ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit/*analysis ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/*chemistry/pathology ; Helicobacter Infections/*metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin 5AC/analysis ; Mucin-2/analysis ; Mucin-6/analysis ; Neprilysin/analysis ; Phenotype ; Precancerous Conditions/*chemistry/pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms/*chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and prognostic factors of testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic profiles of 58 cases of testicular DLBCL were investigated.Immunohistochemical stainings and EBER1/2 in situ hybridization were performed on formalin fixed tissues.

RESULTSThe average age of the patients was 62.1 years, and the median age was 65 years. The course of disease was short in most of the cases. Clinical stages at diagnosis were mainly stage I or II (87.9%, 51/58). Forty eight patients (82.8%) had unilateral testis involvement. Inguinal lymphadenopathy was observed in 12 (20.7%) patients and the other organs were seldom involved. Morphologically, centroblast-like neoplastic cells infiltrated interstitial tissue of testis diffusely and invaded into seminiferous tubules. Tunica albuginea and vessels were involved in 14 (24.1%) and 10 (17.2%) patients, respectively. Immunophenotype analysis showed predominant non-GCB type of DLBCL (48/58, 82.8%) by Hans classification. No EBV infection was detected. Follow-up data were available in 48 (82.8%) patients. Twenty eight patients (58.3%) died of the disease. One-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survivals were 55.7%, 31.6% and 27.6%, respectively. Age (older than 60 years), B-symptoms, high serum level of LDH, advanced Ann Arbor stage as well as lack of combination of therapy were associated with a poor prognosis.

CONCLUSIONSThis large series of testicular DLBCL mainly present with local disease at diagnosis. Most cases show non-GCB immunophenotype. Despite early clinical stage at presentation, the prognosis is poor. Combined chemotherapy postoperation may prolong survival of the patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Orchiectomy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Testicular Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult