INTRODUCTION: Microinvasion (Mi) is often thought to be an interim stage between ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the potential influence of Mi on survival and assess its correlations with clinicopathological parameters, prognosis and molecular markers. METHODS: The number of Mi foci in a cohort of 66 DCIS-Mi cases was assessed from haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Disease-free survival, clinicopathological parameters and biomarker expression were correlated with the number of Mi foci. RESULTS: Higher numbers of Mi foci were found in larger tumours (P = 0.031). CONCLUSION Greater extent of DCIS is associated with multifocal Mi.
Humans ; Female ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Prognosis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Progression-Free Survival ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of miR-143 regulating matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-13 expression on migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. METHODS: The mouse osteosarcoma cell line 143B cells were cultured in 96-well plates, and blank group, negative group, positive group, and intervention group were set up. Then, the blank group did no treatment 50 μg miR-143 mimic was added to positive group, negative group added equal mimic NC (control sequence of miR-143 mimic), the intervention group was added 50 μg miR-143 mimic and 10 μg MMP-13 protein, all groups continued to culture for 3 to 6 hours, and finally the serum was aspirated to treat for half an hour. The protein expressions of miR-143 and MMP-13 in each group were measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR experiment and Western blot experiment, respectively, and the invasion and migration abilities of cells were measured by Transwell and scratch experiments. RESULTS: The expression of MMP-13 protein in the positive group and the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the blank group, and the positive group was lower than the intervention group (P<0.05);The mean numbers of invasive cells in blank group, negative group, positive group and intervention group were (1 000.01±44.77), (959.25±46.32), (245.04±4.33), (634.06±33.78) cells/field, respectively;the scratch healing rate of the positive group and the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the blank group, and the positive group was lower than the intervention group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION MMP-13 is a target of miR-143, which can reduce the migration and invasion ability of osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting the expression of MMP-13.
Osteosarcoma/pathology* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/genetics* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Animals ; Mice ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement

BACKGROUND: The biological and molecular characteristics of spread through air spaces (STAS), a newly recognized invasive mode of lung cancer, remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological features and molecular characteristics of STAS in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A total of 694 resected invasive non-mucinous lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed by clinicopathology from July 2019 to March 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were collected, and the relationship between STAS and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. The state of protein expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was detected by immunohistochemical method. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was detected by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). ROS proto-oncogene 1-receptor (ROS1) was detected by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS: A total of 344 STAS positive cases and 350 STAS negative cases were collected. By univariate analysis, STAS positivity was statistically associated with tumor maximum diameter (P<0.001), pleural invasion (P<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P<0.001), nerve invasion (P=0.013), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), clinical stage (P<0.001) and histological type (P<0.001). There was a statistical correlation between STAS and ALK protein expression (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that STAS positive was correlated with pleural invasion (P=0.001), vascular invasion (P<0.001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.005)and ALK protein expression (P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS STAS is associated with highly aggressive biological behavior of lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting a poor prognosis.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Prognosis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Retrospective Studies

Humans ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Osteosarcoma/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Cell Proliferation ; Bone Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Movement ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology*

Objective: To establish and validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of microvascular invasion(MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of 210 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent hepatectomy at Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 169 males and 41 females, aged(M(IQR)) 57(12)years(range:30 to 80 years). The patients were divided into model group(the first 170 cases) and validation group(the last 40 cases) according to visit time. Based on the clinical data of the model group,rank-sum test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen out the independent related factors of MVI. R software was used to establish a nomogram model to predict the preoperative MVI risk of hepatocellular carcinoma,and the validation group data were used for external validation. Results: Based on the modeling group data,the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine that cut-off value of DeRitis ratio,γ-glutamyltransferase(GGT) concentration,the inverse number of activated peripheral blood T cell ratio (-aPBTLR) and the maximum tumor diameter for predicting MVI, which was 0.95((area under curve, AUC)=0.634, 95%CI: 0.549 to 0.719), 38.2 U/L(AUC=0.604, 95%CI: 0.518 to 0.689),-6.05%(AUC=0.660, 95%CI: 0.578 to 0.742),4 cm(AUC=0.618, 95%CI: 0.533 to 0.703), respectively. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that DeRitis≥0.95,GGT concentration ≥38.2 U/L,-aPBTLR>-6.05% and the maximum tumor diameter ≥4 cm were independent related factors for MVI in hepatocellular carcinoma patients(all P<0.05). The nomogram prediction model based on the above four factors established by R software has good prediction efficiency. The C-index was 0.758 and 0.751 in the model group and the validation group,respectively. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve showed that the nomogram model had good clinical benefits. Conclusions: DeRitis ratio,serum GGT concentration,-aPBTLR and the maximum tumor diameter are valuable factors for preoperative prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma with MVI. A relatively reliable nomogram prediction model could be established on them.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over

BACKGROUND: Since the popularization of computed tomography (CT) technology, the detection rate of pulmonary ground glass nodules (GGNs) with imaging follow-up as the main management method has increased significantly. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the changes of pulmonary GGNs during the follow-up process with three-dimensional reconstruction technology, explore the natural progression of pulmonary GGNs, and provide effective basis for clinical guidance for patients to conduct reasonable management of nodules. METHODS: A total of 115 cases of pulmonary GGNs with regular follow-up in the Combined Outpatient Department of Zhoushan Hospital from March 2015 to November 2022 were enrolled. Quantitative imaging features of nodules were extracted by semi-automatic segmentation of 3D Slicer software to evaluate the growth of nodules and clinical intervention during follow-up. RESULTS: The average baseline age of the patients was (56.9±10.1) yr. The mean follow-up time was (48.8±18.9) months. The two-dimensional diameter of baseline CT scan was (7.9±2.9) mm, and the maximum three-dimensional diameter was (10.1±3.4) mm. The two-dimensional diameter of the last CT scan was (9.9±4.7) mm, and the maximum three-dimensional diameter was (11.4±5.1) mm. A total of 27 cases (23.5%) showed an increase during follow-up, with a median volume doubling time of 822 days and a median mass doubling time of 1,007 days. 32 cases were surgically resected, including 6 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC), 16 cases of minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), 8 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and 2 cases of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH). Five nodules underwent surgical intervention due to the progression of two-dimensional diameter, which was pathologically confirmed as pre-invasive lesions, but their three-dimensional maximum diameter showed no significant change. Nodular morphology, lobulated sign, spiculated sign and vacuole signs all promoted the growth of nodules in univariate analysis. There were significant differences in age, baseline diameter, mean CT value, median CT value, 10% and 90% percentile CT number between the growth group and the stable group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and average CT value were risk factors for nodule growth (P<0.05). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis results indicated that the age ≥63 years old, the baseline three-dimensional maximum diameter ≥9.2 mm, and the average CT value ≥-507.8 HU were more likely to accelerate the growth of GGNs. The maximum three-dimensional diameter ≥14.4 mm and the average CT value ≥-495.7 HU may be a higher malignant probability. CONCLUSIONS GGNs show an inert growth process, and the use of three-dimensional measurements during follow-up is of greater significance. For persistent glass grinding nodules ≥63 years old, the baseline three-dimensional maximum diameter ≥9.2 mm, and the average CT value ≥-507.8 HU are more likely to increase. However, most nodules still have good prognosis after progression, and long-term follow-up is safe.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Retrospective Studies ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules/pathology* ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology*

Humans ; Glioblastoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Cell Movement ; Brain Neoplasms

Objective: Risk factors related to residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer were analyzed to predict the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, optimize the indications of radical surgical surgery, and avoid excessive additional surgical operations. Methods: Clinical data of 81 patients who received endoscopic treatment for early colorectal cancer in the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2009 to 2019 and received additional radical surgical surgery after endoscopic resection with pathological indication of non-curative resection were collected to analyze the relationship between various factors and the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic resection. Results: Of the 81 patients, 17 (21.0%) were positive for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, while 64 (79.0%) were negative. Among 17 patients with residual cancer or positive lymph node metastasis, 3 patients had only residual cancer (2 patients with positive vertical cutting edge). 11 patients had only lymph node metastasis, and 3 patients had both residual cancer and lymph node metastasis. Lesion location, poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion were associated with residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that poorly differentiated cancer (OR=5.513, 95% CI: 1.423, 21.352, P=0.013) was an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer. Conclusions: For early colorectal cancer after endoscopic non-curable resection, residual cancer or lymph node metastasis is associated with poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion and the lesions are located in the descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon and cecum with the postoperative mucosal pathology result. For early colorectal cancer, poorly differentiated cancer is an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection, which is suggested that radical surgery should be added after endoscopic treatment.
Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Retrospective Studies ; Endoscopy ; Risk Factors ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Early colorectal cancers refer to invasive cancers that have infiltrated into the submucosa without invading muscularis propria, and approximately 10% of these patients have lymph node metastases that cannot be detected by conventional imaging. According to the guidelines of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Colorectal Cancer, early colorectal cancer cases with risk factors for lymph node metastasis (poor tumor differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, deep submucosal invasion and high-grade tumor budding) should receive salvage radical surgical resection; however, the specificity of this risk-stratification is inadequate, making most patients undergo unnecessary surgery. Firstly, this review focuses on the definition, oncological impact importance and controversy of the above "risk factors". Then, we introduce the progress of the risk stratification system for lymph node metastasis in early colorectal cancer, including the identification of new pathological risk factors, the construction of new risk quantitative models based on pathological risk factors, artificial intelligence and machine learning technology and the discovery of novel molecular markers associated with lymph node metastasis based on gene test or liquid biopsy. Aim to enhance clinicians' understanding of the risk assessment of lymph node metastasis in early colorectal cancer; we suggest to take the patient's personal situation, tumor location, anti-cancer intention and other factors into account to make individualized treatment strategies.
Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Lymph Nodes/pathology*