Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is defined as respiratory distress in newborn infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid whose symptoms cannot be otherwise explained. MAS is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis that continues to be associated with signifi cant morbidities and mortality. Worldwide, the incidence has declined due to improved obstetric and perinatal care. The pathophysiological mechanism of MAS include perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary and systemic inflammation, surfactant inactivation and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Respiratory and hemodynamic supports are main therapies for MAS. Early identification and appropriate management of PPHN is important as it associates with significant mortality and morbidities. This review suggests a comprehensive overview of the epide miology, diagnosis, management, prognosis and prevention of MAS.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is defined as respiratory distress in newborn infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid whose symptoms cannot be otherwise explained. MAS is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis that continues to be associated with signifi cant morbidities and mortality. Worldwide, the incidence has declined due to improved obstetric and perinatal care. The pathophysiological mechanism of MAS include perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary and systemic inflammation, surfactant inactivation and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Respiratory and hemodynamic supports are main therapies for MAS. Early identification and appropriate management of PPHN is important as it associates with significant mortality and morbidities. This review suggests a comprehensive overview of the epide miology, diagnosis, management, prognosis and prevention of MAS.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is defined as respiratory distress in newborn infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid whose symptoms cannot be otherwise explained. MAS is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis that continues to be associated with signifi cant morbidities and mortality. Worldwide, the incidence has declined due to improved obstetric and perinatal care. The pathophysiological mechanism of MAS include perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary and systemic inflammation, surfactant inactivation and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Respiratory and hemodynamic supports are main therapies for MAS. Early identification and appropriate management of PPHN is important as it associates with significant mortality and morbidities. This review suggests a comprehensive overview of the epide miology, diagnosis, management, prognosis and prevention of MAS.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is defined as respiratory distress in newborn infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid whose symptoms cannot be otherwise explained. MAS is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis that continues to be associated with signifi cant morbidities and mortality. Worldwide, the incidence has declined due to improved obstetric and perinatal care. The pathophysiological mechanism of MAS include perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary and systemic inflammation, surfactant inactivation and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Respiratory and hemodynamic supports are main therapies for MAS. Early identification and appropriate management of PPHN is important as it associates with significant mortality and morbidities. This review suggests a comprehensive overview of the epide miology, diagnosis, management, prognosis and prevention of MAS.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is defined as respiratory distress in newborn infants born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid whose symptoms cannot be otherwise explained. MAS is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis that continues to be associated with signifi cant morbidities and mortality. Worldwide, the incidence has declined due to improved obstetric and perinatal care. The pathophysiological mechanism of MAS include perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary and systemic inflammation, surfactant inactivation and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Respiratory and hemodynamic supports are main therapies for MAS. Early identification and appropriate management of PPHN is important as it associates with significant mortality and morbidities. This review suggests a comprehensive overview of the epide miology, diagnosis, management, prognosis and prevention of MAS.

Food allergy is a rare form of feeding intolerance in preterm infants, with symptoms similar to necrotizing enterocolitis. We report a case of clinically diagnosed cow’s milk-induced eosinophilic enterocolitis in an infant with extremely low birth weight. The patient was born at 24 weeks and 1 day gestation, weighing 610 g, had repeated episodes of gastrointestinal symptoms after feeding, and was placed on nil per os. On day 67, the eosinophil count increased suddenly (7,852.8/mL), and the formula was changed to amino acid-based (Neocate). Gradually, the eosinophil count returned to normal. Ileostomy was performed and full enteral feeding was achieved with Neocate. Intraoperatively, the intestine was nonnecrotic and viable; the biopsy report showed massive mucosal eosinophilic infiltration. The patient was diagnosed with cow’s milk-induced eosinophilic enterocolitis.

Ectopic pancreas is defined as an abnormally located pancreatic tissue not sufficiently connected with the normal pancreas, which rarely occurs in neonates. To our knowledge, only a few cases of ectopic pancreas have been reported in newborns in South Korea. We report a case of ectopic pancreas as the cause of intussusception and jejunal atresia in a newborn. This clinical association is extremely rare, and this is the first report in South Korea.

Ectopic pancreas is defined as an abnormally located pancreatic tissue not sufficiently connected with the normal pancreas, which rarely occurs in neonates. To our knowledge, only a few cases of ectopic pancreas have been reported in newborns in South Korea. We report a case of ectopic pancreas as the cause of intussusception and jejunal atresia in a newborn. This clinical association is extremely rare, and this is the first report in South Korea.

OBJECTIVE: An orogastric tube is used frequently in infants because infants are obligate nose breathers and nasogastric tubes can cause partial nasal obstruction. This study examined whether the presence of an orogastric tube could affect the swallowing parameters assessed by a videofluoroscopic swallowing study in infants with dysphagia caused by a variety of reasons. METHODS: Tests were conducted in 15 infants aged less than 150 days after birth who used an orogastric tube due to dysphagia. Two tests were conducted. The first was conducted with an orogastric tube inserted. Subsequently, the orogastric tube was removed with a 5-minute break before the second test. Skilled physiatrists then analyzed the recorded video. The number of sucks required for one swallow, abnormalities of the pharyngeal phase, and penetration-aspiration scales were evaluated. RESULTS: After removing the orogastric tube, the number of sucks required for one swallow reduced significantly (2.50±1.73 vs. 3.45±2.54, P=0.04). On the other hand, no statistical significance was observed in the results of the pharyngeal phase and penetration-aspiration scale (5.60±3.16 vs. 5.9±3.81, P=0.41) with and without the orogastric tube. CONCLUSION: These findings showed that the insertion or non-insertion of an orogastric tube might not affect the swallowing abnormalities in the pharyngeal phase and the risk of aspiration. In addition, an orogastric tube may have a negative effect on the swallowing function in the oral phase.
Deglutition Disorders ; Deglutition ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose ; Parturition ; Weights and Measures