Traumatic myiasis, the invasion of live tissues by fly larvae, is a commonly observed phenomenon in animals like sheep and cattle, but is also witnessed sometimes among humans. It is a parasitic infestation in which the dipteran larvae invade the neglected open wounds and foul smelling body apertures of vertebrate animals thereby using the living or necrotic tissue of their host as a nutritional source. A case of severe human traumatic myiasis is reported from India in the scalp wound of a 3-year-old female patient. The causative larvae were identified as the third instars of Old World Screwworm Fly- Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The myiasis in the present case was a complication of an open neglected wound. Ignorance played a key role in non-treatment of the patient for a long period of time. The authors emphasize the necessity to raise awareness among the general public about the problem.
Wound myiasis

The cutaneous myiasis has been rarely reported in the Republic of Korea. We intended to describe here a case of furuncular cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga larvae in a Korean traveler returned from Central Africa. A patient, 55-year-old man, had traveled to Equatorial Guinea, in Central Africa for a month and just returned to Korea. Physical examinations showed 2 tender erythematous nodules with small central ulceration on the left buttock and thigh. During skin biopsy, 2 larvae came out from the lesion. C. anthropophaga was identified by paired mouth hooks (toothed, spade-like, oral hooklets) and 2 posterior spiracles, which lack a distinct chitinous rim. Although rarely described in Korea until now, cutaneous myiasis may be encountered more frequently with increasing international travel and exchange workers to tropical areas.
Africa, Central ; Biopsy ; Buttocks ; Chitin ; Equatorial Guinea ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Myiasis ; Physical Examination ; Republic of Korea ; Skin ; Thigh ; Ulcer

Hypoderma spp. larvae cause subcutaneous myiasis in several animal species. The objective of the present investigation was to identify and characterize morphologically and molecularly the larvae of Hypoderma spp. collected from cattle (Bos taurus taurus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the district of Castelo Branco, Portugal. For this purpose, a total of 8 larvae were collected from cattle (n=2) and red deer (n=6). After morphological identification of Hypoderma spp. larvae, molecular characterization was based on PCR-RFLP and mitochondrial CO1 gene sequence analysis. All larvae were morphologically characterized as the third instar larvae (L3) of H. actaeon. Two restriction enzymes were used for molecular identification of the larvae. TaqI restriction enzyme was not able to cut H. actaeon. However, MboII restriction enzyme differentiated Hypoderma species showing 210 and 450 bp bands in H. actaeon. Furthermore, according to the alignment of the mt-CO1 gene sequences of Hypoderma species and to PCR-RFLP findings, all the identified Hypoderma larvae were confirmed as H. actaeon. This is the first report of identification of Hypoderma spp. (Diptera; Oestridae) from cattle and red deer in Portugal, based on morphological and molecular analyses.
Animals ; Cattle* ; Deer* ; Larva ; Myiasis ; Portugal* ; Sequence Analysis

A fly larva was recovered from a boil-like lesion on the left leg of a 33-year-old male on 21 November 2016. He has worked in an endemic area of myiasis, Uganda, for 8 months and returned to Korea on 11 November 2016. The larva was identified as Cordylobia anthropophaga by morphological features, including the body shape, size, anterior end, posterior spiracles, and pattern of spines on the body. Subsequent 28S rRNA gene sequencing showed 99.9% similarity (916/917 bp) with the partial 28S rRNA gene of C. anthropophaga. This is the first imported case of furuncular myiasis caused by C. anthropophaga in a Korean overseas traveler.
Adult ; Diptera ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Korea ; Larva ; Leg ; Male ; Myiasis* ; Spine ; Uganda*

No abstract available.
Africa* ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Myiasis* ; Sarcophagidae* ; Wounds and Injuries*

PURPOSE: To report a case of recurrent external ophthalmomyiasis caused by Lucilia sericata Meigen in a healthy patient. CASE SUMMARY: A 72-year-old male, who was diagnosed 7 months earlier with ophthalmomyiasis and obtained permanent relief by surgical treatment, presented with severe tearing, redness, foreign body sensation, pain in both eyes and aural discomfort in the left ear. On presentation, visual acuity in both eyes was hand movement. On slit lamp examination, total corneal epithelial defect with stromal infiltrations was observed. However, there were no motile organisms in his eyes due to previous removal of maggots at a local clinic. On physical examination, eschar change was observed at the inferomedial area of the left lower eyelid. On otorhinolaryngological examination, several motile organisms with tympanic membrane perforation were observed in the left external acoustic meatus. The patient was treated with topical antibiotic eye drops hourly with systemic antibiotics, and 6 larvae were removed from the external acoustic meatus using otoscopy. Microscopic findings of the removed larvae revealed L. sericata in their third stage of development. After 1 month, corneal epithelial defect and stromal infiltration improved. However, visual acuity in both eyes was 0.1 due to remaining stromal opacities. CONCLUSIONS: In a healthy patient without any predisposing factors, recurrent ophthalmomyiasis accompanied with aural myiasis can develop under poor hygiene conditions.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Causality ; Ear ; Ear Canal ; Eyelids ; Foreign Bodies ; Hand ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Larva ; Male ; Myiasis ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Otoscopy ; Physical Examination ; Sensation ; Tears ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation ; Visual Acuity

Myiasis is a relatively common infection of animals kept as pets, although only 1 case of canine myiasis has been described so far in the Republic of Korea. In the present study, we report an additional case of canine wound myiasis with identification of its causative agent, Lucilia sericata. An 8-year-old male Siberian husky dog was referred with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea to the Chungbuk National University Veterinary Medical Center, Cheongju-si (city), Chungcheongbuk-do (province), Korea in July 2013. Physical examination indicated the patient had a deep wound filled with a maggot swarm as a left gluteal lesion. A total of 216 maggots were removed by forceps, and the wounded area was sponged with gauzes and disinfected with 70% alcohol and a povidone-iodine solution. After daily care and suturing the wound, the patient was discharged at day 19 after admission. Recovered worms possessed morphological characteristics similar to those of L. sericata, namely, a sub-cylindrical body with 6–8 lobed anterior spiracles, round shaped with a button surrounded by a peritremal ring with no gaps, and similar distances between dorsal, median, and outer papillae of the 12th segment. Additionally, cox1 partial sequences (528 bp) obtained in the present study showed 100% identity with those of L. sericata (GenBank no. KT272854.1). L. sericata is indicated as a pathogen of myiasis infection not only in humans, but also in animals kept as pets in Korea.
Animals ; Anorexia ; Child ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Diarrhea ; Dogs ; Humans ; Korea* ; Larva ; Male ; Myiasis* ; Physical Examination ; Povidone-Iodine ; Republic of Korea ; Surgical Instruments ; Vomiting ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Myiasis*

We describe here a rare case of traumatic myiasis occurred in August 2014, caused by an association of 2 Diptera species, Sarcophaga tibialis Macquart (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), in a domestic cat in northern Italy. Species identification was based on adult male morphology. The present case is the first report of S. tibialis as an agent of myiasis in Italy, and also the first ever report of myiasis caused by an association of S. tibialis and L. sericata. The cat developed an extensive traumatic myiasis in a large wound on the rump, which was treated pharmacologically and surgically. The biology, ecology, and distribution of S. tibialis and L. sericata are also discussed. A literature review is provided on cases of myiasis caused by S. tibialis, and cases of myiasis by L. sericata involving cats worldwide and humans and animals in Italy.
Animals ; Animals, Domestic/parasitology ; Cat Diseases/*parasitology ; Cats ; Diptera/growth & development/*physiology ; Female ; Italy ; Larva/growth & development/physiology ; Male ; Myiasis/parasitology/*veterinary ; Sarcophagidae/growth & development/*physiology

Infestation of tissue by fly larvae is termed myiasis, and it is unusual in humans. Nasal myiasis is common in low socioeconomic status individuals due to poor nasal hygiene. It commonly affects the skin and rarely the nasal and paranasal sinuses. Recently an 82-year-old female was admitted to the emergency department because of discharge of live maggots from the nasal cavity. She had been diagnosed with brain infarction and Alzheimer's disease several years previous. We successfully removed all the maggots from the patient's nasal cavity and sinuses via endoscopic surgery under local anesthesia. Subsequently, the patient's nasal problem resolved completely.
Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; Anesthesia, Local ; Brain Infarction ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Diptera ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Larva ; Myiasis* ; Nasal Cavity ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Skin ; Social Class