Background and Objectives: The popliteal artery is generally regarded as a “no-stent zone.”Limited data are available on the outcomes of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for popliteal artery disease. This study aimed to evaluate the 12-month clinical outcomes among patients who received DCB treatment for atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. Methods: This prospective, multicenter registry study enrolled 100 patients from 7 Korean endovascular centers who underwent endovascular therapy using IN.PACT DCB (Medtronic) for symptomatic atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. The primary endpoint was 12-month clinical primary patency and the secondary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR)–free rate. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 65.7±10.8 years, and 77% of enrolled patients were men. The mean lesion length was 93.7±53.7 mm, and total occlusions were present in 45% of patients. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Combined atherectomy was performed in 17% and provisional stenting was required in 11%. Out of the enrolled patients, 91 patients completed the 12-month follow-up. Clinical primary patency and TLR-free survival rates at 12 months were 76.0% and 87.2%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified female and longer lesion length as the significant independent predictors of loss of patency. Conclusions DCB treatment yielded favorable 12-month clinical primary patency and TLRfree survival outcomes in patients with popliteal artery disease.

Background and Objectives: The popliteal artery is generally regarded as a “no-stent zone.”Limited data are available on the outcomes of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for popliteal artery disease. This study aimed to evaluate the 12-month clinical outcomes among patients who received DCB treatment for atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. Methods: This prospective, multicenter registry study enrolled 100 patients from 7 Korean endovascular centers who underwent endovascular therapy using IN.PACT DCB (Medtronic) for symptomatic atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. The primary endpoint was 12-month clinical primary patency and the secondary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR)–free rate. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 65.7±10.8 years, and 77% of enrolled patients were men. The mean lesion length was 93.7±53.7 mm, and total occlusions were present in 45% of patients. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Combined atherectomy was performed in 17% and provisional stenting was required in 11%. Out of the enrolled patients, 91 patients completed the 12-month follow-up. Clinical primary patency and TLR-free survival rates at 12 months were 76.0% and 87.2%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified female and longer lesion length as the significant independent predictors of loss of patency. Conclusions DCB treatment yielded favorable 12-month clinical primary patency and TLRfree survival outcomes in patients with popliteal artery disease.

Background and Objectives: The popliteal artery is generally regarded as a “no-stent zone.”Limited data are available on the outcomes of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for popliteal artery disease. This study aimed to evaluate the 12-month clinical outcomes among patients who received DCB treatment for atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. Methods: This prospective, multicenter registry study enrolled 100 patients from 7 Korean endovascular centers who underwent endovascular therapy using IN.PACT DCB (Medtronic) for symptomatic atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. The primary endpoint was 12-month clinical primary patency and the secondary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR)–free rate. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 65.7±10.8 years, and 77% of enrolled patients were men. The mean lesion length was 93.7±53.7 mm, and total occlusions were present in 45% of patients. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Combined atherectomy was performed in 17% and provisional stenting was required in 11%. Out of the enrolled patients, 91 patients completed the 12-month follow-up. Clinical primary patency and TLR-free survival rates at 12 months were 76.0% and 87.2%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified female and longer lesion length as the significant independent predictors of loss of patency. Conclusions DCB treatment yielded favorable 12-month clinical primary patency and TLRfree survival outcomes in patients with popliteal artery disease.

Background and Objectives: The popliteal artery is generally regarded as a “no-stent zone.”Limited data are available on the outcomes of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for popliteal artery disease. This study aimed to evaluate the 12-month clinical outcomes among patients who received DCB treatment for atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. Methods: This prospective, multicenter registry study enrolled 100 patients from 7 Korean endovascular centers who underwent endovascular therapy using IN.PACT DCB (Medtronic) for symptomatic atherosclerotic popliteal artery disease. The primary endpoint was 12-month clinical primary patency and the secondary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR)–free rate. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 65.7±10.8 years, and 77% of enrolled patients were men. The mean lesion length was 93.7±53.7 mm, and total occlusions were present in 45% of patients. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Combined atherectomy was performed in 17% and provisional stenting was required in 11%. Out of the enrolled patients, 91 patients completed the 12-month follow-up. Clinical primary patency and TLR-free survival rates at 12 months were 76.0% and 87.2%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified female and longer lesion length as the significant independent predictors of loss of patency. Conclusions DCB treatment yielded favorable 12-month clinical primary patency and TLRfree survival outcomes in patients with popliteal artery disease.

Background/Aims: Histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) are used to treat acid-related disorders and functional dyspepsia. In contrast to other H2RAs, nizatidine promotes gastric emptying (GE). We investigated the effects of nizatidine and famotidine on intragastric pH and the GE rate in rats exposed to stress. Materials and Methods: We used 8-week-old male Wistar rats. Based on administration of water or drugs after an overnight fast, the animals were categorized into the nonstress-water, stress-water, stress-nizatidine, stress-famotidine, and stress-nizatidine with mosapride groups. The rats had access to pre-weighed food for 10 minutes, and those in the stress groups were exposed to 1 hour of restraint stress. Intragastric pH was measured under isoflurane anesthesia, and the GE rate was measured after the rats were sacrificed. Results: The GE rate was significantly lower in the stress-water and stress-famotidine groups than in the nonstress-water group. However, GE in the stress-nizatidine and stress-nizatidine with mosapride group did not significantly differ from that in the nonstress- water group. The GE rate was significantly higher in the stress-nizatidine with mosapride than in the stress-famotidine group. Intragastric pH was significantly higher in the stress-nizatidine and stress-famotidine groups than in the stress-water group. Nonetheless, there was no significant difference in pH between the stress-nizatidine and stress-famotidine groups. The intragastric pH was slightly but significantly higher in the stress-nizatidine with mosapride group than in the stress-nizatidine and stress-famotidine groups. Conclusions In contrast to famotidine, nizatidine prevents stress-induced GE delay, which suggests that nizatidine is superior to other H2RAs for treatment of functional dyspepsia associated with delayed GE.

Background/Aims: Studies in healthy humans have reported that the addition of mosapride to acid suppressants resulted in higher intragastric pH than acid suppressant administration alone. We investigated the effect of the addition of mosapride to famotidine on the intragastric pH and gastric emptying rate (GER) in rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were used in this study. Experimental groups were divided into control, famotidine-only, mosapride-only, and famotidine with mosapride (combination). The first experiment was performed in non-stressed rats. Mosapride was administered by oral gavage 1 hour before the meal, and famotidine was administered just before the meal. The rats were provided with food for 30 minutes. The intragastric pH was measured under isoflurane anesthesia, and the GER was measured after harvesting the stomach. In the stress experiment, rats were exposed to 1-hour restraint stress immediately after mosapride administration and subjected to the same process as in the experiment with the non-stressed rats. Results: The famotidine-only and combination groups showed significantly higher gastric pH levels than the control group in non-stressed (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively) and stressed (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) rats. The combination group also showed significantly higher intragastric pH levels than the famotidine-only group in non-stressed (P<0.01) and stressed (P<0.05) rats. Additionally, combination groups showed a significantly higher GER than the famotidine-only group in non-stressed (P<0.001) and stressed (P<0.01) rats. Conclusions The combination of mosapride with famotidine significantly increased intragastric pH compared to famotidine alone in the non-stressed and stressed rats.

Background/Aims: Studies in healthy humans have reported that the addition of mosapride to acid suppressants resulted in higher intragastric pH than acid suppressant administration alone. We investigated the effect of the addition of mosapride to famotidine on the intragastric pH and gastric emptying rate (GER) in rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were used in this study. Experimental groups were divided into control, famotidine-only, mosapride-only, and famotidine with mosapride (combination). The first experiment was performed in non-stressed rats. Mosapride was administered by oral gavage 1 hour before the meal, and famotidine was administered just before the meal. The rats were provided with food for 30 minutes. The intragastric pH was measured under isoflurane anesthesia, and the GER was measured after harvesting the stomach. In the stress experiment, rats were exposed to 1-hour restraint stress immediately after mosapride administration and subjected to the same process as in the experiment with the non-stressed rats. Results: The famotidine-only and combination groups showed significantly higher gastric pH levels than the control group in non-stressed (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively) and stressed (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) rats. The combination group also showed significantly higher intragastric pH levels than the famotidine-only group in non-stressed (P<0.01) and stressed (P<0.05) rats. Additionally, combination groups showed a significantly higher GER than the famotidine-only group in non-stressed (P<0.001) and stressed (P<0.01) rats. Conclusions The combination of mosapride with famotidine significantly increased intragastric pH compared to famotidine alone in the non-stressed and stressed rats.

BACKGROUND: Although the number of medical institutions running a smoking cessation clinic is on the rise, there remains a paucity of research on the long- and short-term success rates of smoking cessation programs, as well as on smoking relapse rates, before and after project implementation. This study assessed the general characteristics of patients visiting the smoking cessation clinic, success rate of smoking cessation in the short term, and risks of relapse. METHODS: Medical records from March 2015 to April 2017 were analyzed and telephone surveys were conducted with 151 smokers who visited a hospital smoking cessation clinic from March 2015 to April 2017. RESULTS: Of the 139 smokers who were eligible for follow-up, 22 (15.8%) failed to quit smoking initially. The clinic's 6-month success rate of smoking cessation was 64.83%. Those with higher medication compliance had a lower risk of primary failure (odds ratio, 0.056; 95% confidence interval, 0.005–0.609), whereas those with higher age (hazard ratio [HR], 0.128; P=0.0252) and a greater number of visits to the clinic (HR, 0.274; P=0.0124) had a lower risk of relapsing. CONCLUSION: The risk of primary failure to quit was higher with low medication compliance, and that of relapsing was higher with lower age and fewer number of clinic visits. Various evaluation and analysis methods can be carried out in the future based on the accumulated data for maintenance of smoking cessation and relapse prevention.
Ambulatory Care ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Medication Adherence ; Recurrence ; Running ; Secondary Prevention ; Smoke ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking ; Telephone ; Varenicline

PURPOSE: Subsequent to the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 and After Mapping of the Axilla: Radiotherapy or Surgery (AMAROS) trials, complete axillary lymph node dissection is not routinely performed, even in cases where metastatic sentinel lymph nodes are detected. We investigated the percentage of N2 or N3 stages in T1–2 invasive breast cancer patients with no lymphadenopathy and developed a nomogram to predict the possibility of N2 or N3 stages in these patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of invasive breast cancer patients who were clinically N0 stage, but had a positive sentinel or non-sentinel lymph node detected on sentinel lymph node biopsy. The association of potential risk factors with known outcomes (N2 or N3 stages) was tested using logistic regression analysis. Variables with p<0.05 in the multivariate analysis were included in the nomogram. Internal performance validation was carried out using a 5-fold cross validation method. RESULTS: Among a total of 1,437 patients, 1,355 patients had stage N1 disease (94.3%), while 82 had stage N2 or N3 disease (5.7%). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed lymphovascular invasion (p=0.008), T2 stage (p=0.026), metastatic lymph node ratio (p<0.001), and perinodal extension (p<0.001) as independent predictors of N2 or N3 stages. A nomogram was developed based on these factors. The area under the curve estimated from the receiver operating characteristic graph was 0.8050 in the model set and 0.8246 in the test set. CONCLUSION: Our nomogram can be employed for the prediction of N2 or N3 stage among cases fulfilling the ACOSOG Z0011 or AMAROS criteria.
Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases* ; Methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nomograms* ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; ROC Curve ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Surgeons

Rhinogenic headache is a headache or facial pain syndrome secondary to mucosal contact points or rhinogenic causes in the absence of rhinitis/sinusitis. The authors report a case of atypical rhinogenic headache in a 72-year-old woman who presented with recurrent right side headache, which was aggravated by nasal breathing. A computed tomographic scan showed no evidence of rhinosinusitis and mucosal contact points. However, during nasal endoscopy, she had multiple pain-trigger points on the septum and lateral nasal wall. Treatment involved endoscopic reduction and radiofrequency diathermy of the pain-trigger point. Postoperatively, the headache was successfully relieved, and there was no evidence of recurrence. In this article, the authors present surgical option for the treatment of atypical rhinogenic headache.
Aged ; Diathermy* ; Endoscopy ; Facial Neuralgia ; Female ; Headache* ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Respiration