【Objective】 To compare the clinical value of magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy （MCE） and traditional capsule endoscopy （CE） in the diagnosis of intestinal diseases in hospitalized patients. 【Methods】 A single-center retrospective study was conducted in 263 inpatients who underwent MCE and CE in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from March 2016 to March 2020. The information included the patients’ general data， chief complaints， and results of capsule endoscopic examination. 【Results】 ① The overall detection rate in small intestinal diseases was 74.45% in MCE group and 73.81% in CE group， respectively （P=0.905）. The three most common diseases in the two groups were erosive/ulcerative lesions， vascular lesions， and lymphangiectasia. ② The endoscopic auxiliary rate was significantly lower in MCE group than in CE group （0% vs. 9.49%， P<0.001）. ③ There was no significant difference in the rate of intestinal incompletion between the two groups （7.94% vs. 13.87%， P=0.185）. 【Conclusion】 MCE is similar to CE in the diagnostic value for intestinal diseases. Currently， it can be used as one of the methods of small intestinal examination， but this needs to be supported by more multicenter and sizable simple studies.

Objective:To investigate the progression-free survival (PFS) and safety of apatinib combined with docetaxel treated patients with advanced gastric cancer after failure of first-line chemotherapy.Methods:From March 2017 to May 2018, 23 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had received a failure of first-line chemotherapy (either fedocetaxel or paclitaxel) were treated with apatinib combined with docetaxel. The short-term efficacy and safety of the patients were observed.Results:The therapeutic effects of 20 patients were evaluated. Among them, 4 cases were partial response (PR), 13 patients were stable disease (SD), 3 patients were progressive disease (PD). The objective remission rate (ORR) was 20.0%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 85.0%, the median PFS (mPFS) was 4.5 months. The main adverse reactions were hypertension, vomiting and weakness.Conclusion:Apatinib combined with docetaxel applied in the second-line treatment of gastric cancer is safe and effective.

Objective:To investigate the progression-free survival (PFS) and safety of apatinib combined with docetaxel treated patients with advanced gastric cancer after failure of first-line chemotherapy.Methods:From March 2017 to May 2018, 23 patients with advanced gastric cancer who had received a failure of first-line chemotherapy (either fedocetaxel or paclitaxel) were treated with apatinib combined with docetaxel. The short-term efficacy and safety of the patients were observed.Results:The therapeutic effects of 20 patients were evaluated. Among them, 4 cases were partial response (PR), 13 patients were stable disease (SD), 3 patients were progressive disease (PD). The objective remission rate (ORR) was 20.0%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 85.0%, the median PFS (mPFS) was 4.5 months. The main adverse reactions were hypertension, vomiting and weakness.Conclusion:Apatinib combined with docetaxel applied in the second-line treatment of gastric cancer is safe and effective.

Objective? To explore the effects of health management platform on self-management in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods? Totally 72 CKD patients discharged from the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University between January and March 2018 were selected using convenient sampling and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received conventional health management, while patients in the observation group received health management through the online health management platform for 6 months. The CKD Self-Management Scale was used to compare the difference in self-management ability between the two groups before and after the intervention. During the follow-up, 3 patients were excluded from the observation group and 6 from the control group. Totally 32 patients were included into the observation group and 31 into the control group. Results? The observation group's self-management ability totaled (96.22±7.39), while that of the control group totaled (86.10±8.74) 3 months after the intervention; The observation group's self-management ability totaled (102.16±6.80), while that of the control group totaled (92.03±6.45) 6 months after the intervention. Repeated measurement variance analysis showed that there was statistically significant difference in self-management ability between the two groups (FTime=226.374; FGroups=10.931; Fmutual=14.318; P＜0.01). Conclusions? The health management platform can improve the self-management ability of CKD patients, which may be an effective pathway for CKD self-management.

Objective To synthesize 18F-AlF-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-l,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA)-c (CGRRAGGSC),which could specifically bind to the α chain of interleukin (IL)-11 receptor (IL-11 R),and evaluate its targeting potential to IL-11 R-positive tumors.Methods Polypeptide c (CGRRAGGSC) was first coupled with NOTA and then labeled with 18F by AlF labeling method.The radiochemical purity and radiochemical yield of 18F-AlF-NOTA-c(CGRRAGGSC) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography,and the stability in vitro was evaluated.The tracer biodistribution in tumor-bearing mice (cell line SKOV3) was evaluated by the dynamic imaging with microPET 30 min,1 h,2 h after injection of 18F-AlF-NOTA-c (CGRRAGGSC).The tracer kinetics was performed in normal mice.Pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated using DAS2.0 software.Results The radiochemical purity of 18F-AlF-NOTA-c(CGRRAGGSC) was higher than 95％ and the radiochemical yield was (30.0±7.4)％.It could be stably maintained in phosphatebuffered solution and plasma for at least 2 h.MicroPET imaging showed that 18F-AlF-NOTA-c(CGRRAGGSC)had a good affinity to SKOV3 tumor.The tumor/muscle ratios at 30 min,1 h,2 h after the injection of 18F-AlF-NOTA-c(CGRRAGGSC) were 6.26±2.98,7.19±3.63 and 9.05±4.30,respectively.The tracer was cleared rapidly in blood and mainly excreted by the liver and kidneys.The T1/2α and T1/2β were (0.38±0.14) h and (2.64±0.28) h,respectively.Conclusions 18F-AlF-NOTA-c(CGRRAGGSC) is easy to be synthesized and has a good affinity to IL-11R-positive tumors.It will be a potential IL-11R-targeting imaging agent.

Objective To explore the application value of circulating tumor cell (CTC) counting in the diagnosis of patients with colorectal cancer.Methods From July to October in 2015,a total of 61 patients firstly diagnosed with colorectal cancer,at stagc] to Ⅳ were enrolled.At the same period,20 individuals (healthy volunteers or patients with benign colorectal diseases) were selected as controls.Peripheral blood (7.5 mL) was taken before therapy.Peripheral blood CTC were counted by immunomagnetic beads enrichment combined with fluorescent staining method in two hours.The positive detection rate of CTC for colorectal cancer,especially early colorectal cancer was analyzed.And the priority of combination it with carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) was also investigated.Chi-square test,t test and rank-sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results Two patients could not be pathological staged,due to the lack of whole body imaging evaluation.There were 30 patients with colorectal cancer at early stage (stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ) and 29 patients at advanced stage (stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ).The difference in CEA level between patients at early stage and advanced stage ((3.3±1.1) μg/L vs (20.4±3.3) μg/L) was statistically significant (t=-2.74,P=0.008).The median cell number of CTC of colorectal cancer group and control group was 1 (interquartile range=4) and 0,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (Z=2.721,P=0.007).Taken 0/7.5 mL and 5 μg/L as the cut-off value of CTC and CEA,the detection rates of CTC for colorectal cancer and early colorectal cancer were 65.6％ (40/61) and 63.3％ (19/30),respectively;the detection rates of CEA for colorectal cancer and early colorectal cancer were 29.5 ％ (18/61) and 13.3％ (4/30).When CTC combined with CEA,the detection rates for colorectal cancer and early colorectal cancer were 73.8％ (45/61) and 66.7％ (20/30),respectively.Conclusions CTC has certain detection value in colorectal cancer especially early colorectal cancer.If it combined with CEA,the detection rate is much higher.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of α-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancers (AFPGC).

METHODSFifty-one serum AFP-positive patients with positive immunohistochemical staining of AFP in the primary lesions (study group) and sixty-five gastric cancer cases with normal AFP level (control group) treated in our department from January 2005 to December 2007 were included in this study. Their clinicopathologic features and follow-up data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the study group had a higher incidence of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (P=0.021) and liver metastasis (P=0.001) than that in the control group.The TNM stages in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.001). The 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of the study group were 62.7%, 27.5% and 4.7%, respectively, and the median survival was 16 months, significantly lower than the 84.6%, 55.4%, 16.5%, and 30 months of the control group (P<0.001 for all). The serum AFP levels in the study group ranged from 58.63 µg/L to 12 100.00 µg/L, and could be classified into two groups:27 cases <500 µg/L, and 24 cases ≥500 µg/L. There was no significant difference of the immunohistochemical staining results between the two subgroups (P=0.912).

CONCLUSIONSAFPGC is a special type of gastric cancer with high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. Monitoring of serum AFP level can earlier detect the progression of disease and give corresponding treatment.

Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of α-fetoprotein ( AFP)-producing gastric cancers ( AFPGC) .Methods Fifty-one serum AFP-positive patients with positive immunohistochemical staining of AFP in the primary lesions ( study group) and sixty-five gastric cancer cases with normal AFP level ( control group) treated in our department from January 2005 to December 2007 were included in this study.Their clinicopathologic features and follow-up data were statistically analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the study group had a higher incidence of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (P=0.021) and liver metastasis (P=0.001) than that in the control group.The TNM stages in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.001).The 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates of the study group were 62.7%, 27.5%and 4.7%, respectively, and the median survival was 16 months, significantly lower than the 84.6%, 55.4%, 16.5%, and 30 months of the control group (P<0.001 for all).The serum AFP levels in the study group ranged from 58.63μg/L to 12 100.00μg/L, and could be classified into two groups:27 cases <500μg/L, and 24 cases≥500μg/L.There was no significant difference of the immunohistochemical staining results between the two subgroups ( P =0.912) .Conclusions AFPGC is a special type of gastric cancer with high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis.Monitoring of serum AFP level can earlier detect the progression of disease and give corresponding treatment.

Objective We propose an image-based key frames gating method for intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) sequence based on manifold learning to reduce motion artifacts in IVUS longitudinal cuts. Methods We achieved the gating with Laplacian eigenmaps, a manifold learning technique, to determine the low-dimensional manifold embedded in the high-dimensional image space. A distance function was constructed by the low-dimensional feature vectors to reflect the heart movement. The IVUS images were classified as end-diastolic and non-end-diastolic based on the distance function, and the IVUS images collected in end-diastolic stage constitutes the key frames gating sequences. Result We tested the algorithm on 13 in vivo clinical IVUS sequences (images 915 ± 142 frames, coronary segments length 15.24 ± 2.37 mm) to calculate the vessel volume, lumen volume, and the mean plaque burden of the original and gated sequences. Statistical results showed that both the vessel volume and lumen volume measured from the gated sequences were significantly smaller than the original ones, indicating that the gated sequences were more stable;the mean plaque burden was comparable between the original and gated sequences to meet the need in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the longitudinal views, the gated sequences had less saw tooth shape than the original ones with a similar trend and a good continuity. We also compared our method with an existing gating method. Conclusion The proposed algorithm is simple and robust, and the gating sequences can effectively reduce motion artifacts in IVUS longitudinal cuts.

Objective We propose an image-based key frames gating method for intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) sequence based on manifold learning to reduce motion artifacts in IVUS longitudinal cuts. Methods We achieved the gating with Laplacian eigenmaps, a manifold learning technique, to determine the low-dimensional manifold embedded in the high-dimensional image space. A distance function was constructed by the low-dimensional feature vectors to reflect the heart movement. The IVUS images were classified as end-diastolic and non-end-diastolic based on the distance function, and the IVUS images collected in end-diastolic stage constitutes the key frames gating sequences. Result We tested the algorithm on 13 in vivo clinical IVUS sequences (images 915 ± 142 frames, coronary segments length 15.24 ± 2.37 mm) to calculate the vessel volume, lumen volume, and the mean plaque burden of the original and gated sequences. Statistical results showed that both the vessel volume and lumen volume measured from the gated sequences were significantly smaller than the original ones, indicating that the gated sequences were more stable;the mean plaque burden was comparable between the original and gated sequences to meet the need in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the longitudinal views, the gated sequences had less saw tooth shape than the original ones with a similar trend and a good continuity. We also compared our method with an existing gating method. Conclusion The proposed algorithm is simple and robust, and the gating sequences can effectively reduce motion artifacts in IVUS longitudinal cuts.