Aim To investigate the mechanism by which formononetin (FN) inhibits mitochondrial dynamic-related protein 1 (DRP1) -NLRP3 axis via intervening the generation of ROS to reduce allergic airway inflammation. Methods In order to establish allergic asthma mouse model, 50 BALB/c mice aged 8 weeks were divided into the control group, model group, FN treatment group and dexamethasone group after ovalbumin (OVA) induction. Airway inflammation and collagen deposition were detected by HampE and Masson staining. Th2 cytokines and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA, ROS in BEAS-2B cells was assessed by DCFH-DA staining, DRP1 expression in lung tissue and BEAS-2B cells was detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and the DRP1-NLRP3 pathway was analyzed by immunoblotting. Results FN treatment could effectively ameliorate the symptoms of asthmatic mouse model, including reducing eosinophil accumulation, airway collagen deposition, decreasing Th2 cytokine and IgE levels, reducing ROS and MDA production, increasing SOD and CAT activities, and regulating DRP1-NLRP3 pathway-related protein expression, thereby relieving inflammation. Conclusion FN ameliorates airway inflammation in asthma by regulating DRP1-NLRP3 pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of gait biomechanics on sports injuries in middle-and long-distance teenage runners.Methods Eighteen healthy middle-and long-distance runners were select-ed as subjects,and the biomechanics of their gait during mid-speed running was tested using a three-dimensional infrared motion capture system,a three-dimensional force measurement platform,and a la-ser speed measurement system.After the test,data on sports injuries within one year were collected.Based on the severity of their injuries,the athletes were divided into an injury group,and a non-inju-ry group(healthy group).Their gait spatiotemporal parameters,ground reaction forces,and independent sample t-test for trunk and lower limb joint angles,and lower limb joint power were all analyzed.Re-sults There was no significant difference in the spatiotemporal parameters of the mid-speed running gait and ground reaction force indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).The maximum trunk exten-sion angle of the injury group was significantly greater than the healthy group(P<0.05),while the max-imum trunk flexion angle was significantly smaller than the latter(P<0.05).Moreover,the maximum right flexion angle,hip adduction angle,maximum hip adduction angle,ankle varus angle and ankle internal rotation angle of the injury group were significantly smaller than that of the healthy group,with the ankle internal rotation angle significantly bigger than the latter(P<0.05 for all).Meanwhile,the maximum hip joint extension power of the injury group was significantly lower than the healthy group(P<0.05),while the maximum knee joint abduction power was significantly higher than the latter group(P<0.01).Conclusion When running at medium speed,the spatiotemporal parameters of the sup-porting leg and ground reaction force have a relatively smaller impact on lower limb sports injuries of adolescent middle-and long-distance runners,while a greater degree of trunk tilt back,a smaller right flexion angle,a smaller hip joint adduction of the supporting leg,a smaller internal rotation an-gle when the ankle joint is on the ground,and a higher internal rotation angle when the ankle joint is off the ground make the lower limbs more prone to sports injuries.Moreover,such runners with low-er hip joint extension power and higher knee joint abduction power in their support legs are more like-ly to suffer from lower limb injuries.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and short-term prognosis of laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer guided by superior mesenteric artery and superior mesenteric vein.Methods 80 patients with right colon cancer of cT2-4 and/or N0-2M0 admitted from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects,and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 40 patients in each group.The observation group was treated with SMA-oriented laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer,while the control group was treated with SMV-oriented laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer.The curative effect and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in general condition,operation time,gastric tube placement time,recovery time of farting,postoperative fasting time,postoperative drainage time,postoperative nutritional index,total incidence of complications and postoperative hospitalization time(P>0.05).The lymph nodes in the observation group were significantly more than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the observation group,the lymph nodes in the anterior and left side of superior mesenteric artery were examined(No.D3),and 273 lymph nodes were detected,and Seven patients(17.5% )were diagnosed with D3 metastasis,and 13 lymph nodes were positive(5.2% ).Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer guided by superior mesenteric artery,without increasing the incidence of complications and high safety,can more thoroughly clean lymph nodes and reduce tumor recurrence,which is expected to significantly improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between early energy supplement and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm and very low birth weight infants.Methods:A retrospective cohort study design was used. A total of 939 preterm infants who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology of the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University within 24 h after birth from January 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled in the study. They were born with a gestational age of <32 weeks and (or) a birth weight of <1 500 g. Of them, 250 preterm infants who developed BPD were enrolled in the BPD group, and each of them was matched to a preterm infant who did not develop BPD (matched for gestational age and birth weight) in the order of priority after calculating propensity score. Their total energy, enteral energy, parenteral energy, total fluid intake and energy per unit of fluid per week were collected within the first 2 weeks of life. The independent sample t-test or Mann Whitney U test was used for continuous variables, and the χ2 test for between-group comparisons of categorical variables. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between total energy and total fluid and BPD incidence, respectively. The dose-response relationship between parenteral energy and BPD was investigated by a generalized additive model, and the threshold effect of parenteral energy on BPD used a two-piecewise linear regression model. Results:The gestational age was (28.4±1.9) weeks in the BPD group and (29.5±1.3) weeks in the control group; the birth weight was (1 107±258) g in the BPD group and (1 324±261) g in the control group; and there were 140 males (56.0%) and 131 males (52.4%) in each group, respectively. An increase in energy per unit of fluid in the second week of life was associated with a reduced risk of BPD ( OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.84, P=0.021), and an increase in total energy in the second week of life was also associated with a reduced risk of BPD, with total energy of >418-502 kJ/(kg·d) was significantly lower than when total energy was ≤334 kJ/(kg·d) ( OR=0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.85, P=0.033). There was no association between the average total fluid intake and BPD incidence (both P>0.05) in the first and second week. The increase in the proportion of parenteral energy to total energy in the second week of life was associated with an increased incidence of BPD ( OR=8.45, 95% CI 2.14-33.32, P=0.003); specifically, the risk of BPD significantly increased when the parenteral energy was ≥305 kJ/(kg·d) ( OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, P=0.003). Conclusions:Maintaining a high total energy supply in the early postnatal period in preterm infants may reduce the risk of BPD, but continued reliance on high parenteral energy to meet total energy requirements increases the risk of BPD, so enteral feeds should be initiated as early as possible and maximized as tolerated.

In order to investigate the regulatory effect of Codonopsis saponins on the immunosup-pression caused by H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus(AIV)infection,rat pulmonary microvas-cular endothelial cells(RPMECs)were incubated with different concentrations of Codonopsis sap-onins(5,10 and 20 mg/L).The expression level of PD-L1 was detected by RT-PCR and flow cy-tometry,and the contents of TNF-α,IFN-y and IL-10 in supernatant were detected by ELISA kit.The titer of H9N2 AIV in supernatant was detected by plaque method.Then,a co-culture system of RPMECs and T cells was established using a Transwell plate with an aperture of 8 &mu;m to mimic the migration of circulating T cells across microvessels to the site of viral infection.RPMECs were cultured in the upper chamber of Transwell,inoculated with H9N2 AIV,supplemented with 20 mg/L Codonopsis saponins 1 h later,and T cells 36 h later.After 8 h of treatment,T cells in the lower compartment were collected and the proportions of CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells were detected by flow cytometry,the expression levels of IL-2,IFN-y and granzyme B in the superna-tant were detected by ELISA,and the proportions of perforin-1 positive T cells were detected by flow cytometry.The proliferation activity of T cells was detected with the MTT cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay kit,and the percentage of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometry af-ter staining of T cells with Annexin V-FITC/PI.The experimental results showed that Codonopsis saponins could significantly reduce the expression level of PD-L1,IL-10 and TNF-α in RPMECs in-duced by H9N2 AIV infection,and reduce the apoptosis rate of T cells.However,the expression levels of IL-2,IFN-y,perforin-1 and granzyme B in transendothelial migration T cells and the pro-liferation activity of T cells were significantly increased.In this study,Codonopsis saponins can sig-nificantly inhibit the expression of H9N2 AIV-induced PD-L1 in RPMECs,enhance the antiviral function of T cells migrating across the endothelial layer,and enhance the resistance of host to H9N2 AIV.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To study the efficacy, safety and prognostic factors affecting survival of proton radiation therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Forty-four patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma treated at Zibo Wanjie Cancer Hospital in Shandong Province from June 15, 2005 to September 12, 2018 were enrolled and given proton radiation therapy with a single dose of 2-5 Gy and a total dose of 25-75 Gy. The overall and local control rates, factors influencing survival, and adverse effects were observed during a follow-up period of 12 to 120 months.Results:The overall survival rates of all patients were 79.5% at 1 year, 68.2% at 2 years, 50.0% at 3 years, and 45.5% at 5 years. The overall local control rate was 95.5%. Patients older than 50 years had a longer overall survival (Log Rank Chi-Square of 4.787, P = 0.029). Child-Pugh A classification had better overall survival compared with B classification (Log Rank Chi-Square 4.077, P = 0.043). The main adverse reactions were skin reactions and gastrointestinal reactions. Among the patients with adverse reactions, 23 patients had skin reactions and 9 patients had mild gastrointestinal reactions, and no serious adverse events were found. Conclusions:Proton radiation therapy has good efficacy and high safety in patients with HCC. Age and Child-Pugh classification are prognostic factors affecting survival after proton radiation therapy.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis infection in the elderly(≥ 65 years old) in Xianning City from 2011 to 2021, and to provide scientific basis for formulating strategies and measures for tuberculosis prevention and treatment in the elderly. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of elderly (this article studies elderly people aged 65 and above) pulmonary tuberculosis in Xianning City, Hubei Province from 2011 to 2021. Results　From 2011 to 2021, the average annual registration rate of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Xianning City, Hubei Province was 211.52/100 000 (5 289/2 500 496), which showed a downward trend （χ2 trend=58.06, P<0.05), and significantly higher than the average registration rate of 96.04/100 000 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (26 463/27 554 195)(χ2=2 896.69, P<0.05). The average proportion of the registered number of elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole population was 19.99% (5 289/26 463), which showed an upward trend (χ2trend=272.05, P<0.05). The average positive rate of etiology in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 51.86% (2 743/5 289), which was significantly higher than that in the whole population 46.41% (12 282/26 463) (χ2=52.53, P<0.05). The average proportion of retreated patients in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 8.92% (472/5 289), which was significantly higher than that of retreated patients in the whole population 6.33% (1 674/26 463) (χ2=47.23, P<0.05). The sex ratio of male to female in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 2.92∶1. Among the six counties (districts) under the jurisdiction of Xianning City, Hubei Province the registration rate of elderly tuberculosis patients in Xian'an district was the highest 262.20/100 000 (1 267/483 220), and that in Tongcheng County was the lowest 123.83/100 000 (575/464 338), with significant differences (χ2=233.67, P<0.05). Conclusion　The overall incidence of tuberculosis in the elderly in Xianning City , Hubei Province showed a downward trend, but the proportion of the incidence of tuberculosis in the elderly in the whole population has increased year by year, suggesting that the elderly are the key population of tuberculosis prevention and control in Xianning City in the future, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis in the elderly population.

Child ; Humans ; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Thalassemia

Nodular goiter has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Clinically, there has been a burgeoning interest in nodular goiter due to the risk of progression to thyroid cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine (CM) in nodular goiter. Articles were systematically retrieved from databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. New evidence showed that CM exhibited multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics in the treatment of nodular goiter, involving hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, oxidative stress, blood rheology, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, especially inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of cell apoptosis, involving multiple signal pathways and a variety of cytokines. This review provides a scientific basis for the therapeutic use of CM against nodular goiter. Nonetheless, future studies are warranted to identify more regulatory genes and pathways to provide new approaches for the treatment of nodular goiter.
Humans ; Goiter, Nodular/metabolism* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Apoptosis ; China