No abstract available.
Societies, Medical ; Periodicals as Topic ; Organizational Objectives

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ethics, Medical ; Health Communication/ethics ; Humans ; Mass Media/*ethics ; Physicians/*ethics ; Republic of Korea ; Social Support ; Societies, Medical/ethics

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: We examined the clinical and pathologic findings of small renal masses that were suspected to be malignant. We investigated the prevalence and the predictors of benign tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients who underwent surgeries for renal lesions between September 1994 and June 2007. We analyzed the pathologic reports and medical records of 586 patients who had a renal mass that was 4cm or less. The mean patient age was 53 years(age range: 15-82). There were 418 male patients(71.3%) and 168 females(28.7%). Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to determine the clinical factors associated with benign renal masses, including the radiological tumor size, a cystic versus solid appearance, gender, age and the presenting symptoms. RESULTS: Of the 586 renal masses, 62(10.6%) were benign, 520(88.7%) were renal cell carcinoma and 4(0.7%) were other malignancies. The proportion of benign lesions was significantly higher in the females than that in the males(21.4% vs. 6.2%, respectively, p<001) and the proportion of benign lesions was significantly higher for the smaller masses(0-2cm) than for the 2.1-4cm sized tumors(14.7% vs. 9.1%, respectively, p=0.048). On multivariate analysis, gender and tumor size were significantly associated with malignant histology with the males having an odds ratio(OR) of 4.16 (95% CI 2.41-7.19, p<0.001) and the tumor size more than 2cm having an OR of 1.93(95% CI 1.08-3.44, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: A considerable number(10.6%) of benign lesions 4cm or less in the radiological diameter were operated on based on suspicious preoperative imaging. The results of this study seem to help not only for counseling the patients, but also for deciding on a therapeutic modality preoperatively.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Counseling ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrectomy ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies

Internal jugular phlebectasia (IJP) is a fusiform dilatation of the internal jugular vein (IJV), usually presented as a neck mass in children. Accurate diagnosis from carefully directed history, physical examination, and radiological study could result in lifesaving therapy. We performed our study to suggest possible clinical diagnostic criteria for IJP in Korean children. We reviewed three cases of IJP (patients group) and compared the diameter of the internal jugular phlebectasias with diameters of IJVs in ten normal children (control group) using ultrasonography (USG). There were no significant differences in the range of diameters in the resting state between the two groups. The diameters on the right side, compared with those on the left side, showed no statistical significance (p < 0.05). Te range of expanding diameter and average expanding ratios (resting state to Valsalva maneuver X 100%) showed a statistical difference between the two groups (p < 0.05).
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dilatation, Pathologic/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Human ; Jugular Veins/*ultrasonography ; Korea ; Male ; Valsalva's Maneuver

Second branchial cleft cysts are the most common type of branchial abnormalities and usually found high in the neck. Oropharyngeal presence of branchial cleft cyst is very rare. We report a case of oropharyngeal branchial cleft cyst in 2-yr-old girl with about 1x1 cm sized cystic mass, which had not any specific symptom. It was removed completely under impression of mucocele and did not have tract-like structure. However, cyst had a squamous epithelium-lined wall with lymphoid aggregation in histopathologic study, which was characteristic finding of branchial cleft cyst. Patient discharged without any complication and there was no evidence of recurrence for 18 months follow-up. We review reported oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal presentation of these cases in English literature and embryological explanation.
Branchioma/*pathology/radiography ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/*pathology/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased recently, cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is one of the most common causes of neck mass in Korea. Its confirmative diagnosis is not common, especially when the presence of acid-bacilli is not proven. So, the treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis is generally carried out by clinical diagnosis, not by confirmative diagnosis. In this study, we designed to verify theusefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), AFB stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and excisional biopsy prospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We underwent FNAC, AFB stain and PCR as a first stage work-up through fine needle aspiration in forty-eight patients who were suspected of cervical tuberculous lymphadenits. In patients with positive results on the first stage work-up, we treated the patients with antituberculosis chemotherapy under clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. In patients with negative test results, we performed excisional biopsy. Also in patients who revealed positive results with no response to the antituberculosis chemotherapy, we performed an excisional biopsy too. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of first stage work-up were 64.9% and 81.8%, respectively. The sensitivity of FNAC, AFB stain and PCR were 8.1%, 13.5% and 56.8 %, respectively. The specificity of PCR was 81.8%. Thirteen (59.1%) of 22 patients who revealed negative results in their first stage work-up were proven to have cervical tuberculous lymphadentis through excisional biopsy, and two of the positive results in PCR were false positive. CONCLUSION: In clinical diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadentis, the first stage work-up used in this study is found to be useful methods which resulted 64.9% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity. Especially, PCR is the most useful tool among them and suggest that, if its result is negative, excisional biopsy should be considered positively.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Neck ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node*