ObjectiveTo investigate the dynamic expression profiles and potential regulatory mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） in male reproductive system aging. MethodsA naturally aging C57BL/6 mouse model was used and 4 mice were selected each at 3， 15， and 21 months of age. RNA was extracted from seven regions of the male reproductive tract （testis， efferent duct， initial segment of epididymis， caput epididymis， corpus epididymis， cauda epididymis， and vas deferens）， followed by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. ResultsRegion-specific dynamic expression profiles of lncRNAs were constructed in the testis， epididymis （efferent duct， initial segment， caput， corpus， and cauda）， and vas deferens of male mice. Combined with gene functional enrichment analysis， the functional associations of lncRNAs were elucidated in reproductive system aging. The differentially expressed lncRNAs in the aging testis were primarily involved in hormone biosynthesis and extracellular matrix organization， while those in the initial segment of the epididymis were closely related to cell recognition and epithelial cell migration. A comprehensive lncRNA expression atlas associated with male reproductive aging was established. ConclusionLncRNAs may participate in male reproductive aging through the regulation of the reproductive microenvironment， which provides key molecular targets and a research foundation for understanding age-related fertility decline.

Aim To evaluate the effects of puerarin (PR) on pancreatic islet MIN6 cell injury and apopto- sis induced by palmitic acirl ( PA).Methods MIN6 cells pretreated with 2 h different concentrations of PR were then co-cultured with 120 (xmol • L"1 PA for 24 h to establish the cell injury and apoptosis model.MTT, LDH,MDA and GSH were used to determine the dam¬age of MIN6 cells.AOEB fluorescence staining was used to detect the apoptosis of MIN6 cells.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of inflammation- related protein NF-kB , apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2 and Bax.Results Compared with model group, cell viability and GSH activity of puerarin administration groups increased, LDH and MDA contents decreased.the protein expressions of p-NF-KB and Bax were down-regulated, and the protein expressions of Bcl-2 were up-regulated (P <0.05).Conclusions Puerar- in ean improve the function of pancreatic islet cells by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation, and ameliorate pancreatic islet MIN6 cell injury and apoptosis induced by palmitic acid-induced, alleviate MIN6 cell injury in¬duced by inflammatory factors, which may be achieved by down-regulating the expression of p-NF-KB and Bax proteins,and up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 pro¬tein.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To investigate the clinical strategy and effect of soft tissue reconstruction after sacral tumor resection in different planes. Methods: The data of 27 consecutive patients who underwent primary or secondary sacral tumor resection and soft tissue reconstruction from June 2012 to June 2021 at Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University (the 909th Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males and 16 females, aged (M(IQR)) (46.2±23.6) years (range: 16 to 72 years). Sacrospinous muscle, gluteus maximus and vertical rectus abdominis muscle flap were selected for soft tissue reconstruction according to the tumor site and the size of tissue defect. the postoperative follow-up was performed. The operative methods, intraoperative conditions, complications and disease outcomes were summarized. Results: Among the 27 patients with sacral tumor, the tumor plane was located in S₁ in 8 cases, S₂ in 5 cases and S₃ or below in 14 cases. There were 12 patients with tumor volume≤400 cm³ and 15 patients with tumor volume>400 cm³. Operation time was 100(90) minutes (range: 70 to 610 minutes), intraoperative blood loss was 800(1 600) ml (range: 400 to 6 500 ml). Soft tissue reconstruction was performed by transabdominal rectus abdominis transfer repair in 2 cases, extraperitoneal rectus abdominis transfer repair in 1 case, gluteus maximus transfer repair in 5 cases, gluteus maximus advancement repair in 13 cases, and sacrospinous muscle transfer repair in 6 cases. Postoperative complications occurred in 6 cases, including 1 case of incision infection, 4 cases of skin border necrosis, and 1 case of delayed infection due to fracture of internal fixator 3 years after operation, all of them were cured. The follow-up time was (35±21) months. Among the patients, 6 patients had recurrence, 2 patients with Ewing sarcoma died of lung metastasis 1 year after operation, 4 patients with metastatic cancer died of primary disease, and the remaining patients survived without disease. Conclusion: Choosing different soft tissue reconstruction strategies according to sacral tumor location and tissue defect size can effectively fill the dead space after sacral tumor resection, reduce postoperative complications and improve the prognosis of patients.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Postoperative Complications ; Neoplasms

Objective:To explore the diagnosis and treatment of the multi-segment injury of brachial plexus and provide reference for diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.Methods:From October, 2012 to January, 2015, 24 patients (21 males and 3 females, aged 7-46, average at 25.06±13.01 years) who suffered multi segments injury of brachial plexus were treated by surgical operations. Time from injury to surgery was 7 days to 7 months, with (2.43±2.15) months in average. The general data, injuries and surgical procedures of the patients were recorded. Muscle strength grading was used to evaluate and analyse the curative effect.Results:Twenty-four cases were followed-up for 3.1-7.2 years, with 4.3 years in average. Of the patients, 58.3% of the injuries were caused by mechanical traction. Combined injuries were counted for 83.3%, of which 62.5% combined with ipsilateral limb fractures, 20.8% (5/24) involved in the root of brachial plexus, 79.2% (19/24) with upper part of the clavicle, 91.6% (22/24) with lower part of the clavicle, 16.7% (4/24) with branches of the brachial plexus and 91.7% (22/24) with injuries of 2 segments, 8.3% (2/24) with injuries of 3 segments. At the last followed-up, 55.0% of the patients achieved better than M 3 in total muscle strength. The excellent and good rate was 70.8% in neurolysis group and 42.9% in multiple segment injury group. Conclusion:The mechanism of multi segments injury of brachial plexus is special, and the actual injury is difficult to be located. For patients with multi segments injury, surgical operation should be carried out as early as possible, and the correct surgical procedure can only be determined after the exploration of all sections of the brachial plexus.

Under the background of deepening the medical and health system reform, it is necessary to explore the measures of fine and rational drug use management and strengthen the rational drug use. Through giving full play to the management functions of pharmacy administration and pharmacotherapeutics committee, formulating the performance evaluation index system of pharmacy affairs in the hospital, adhering to the prescription doctor′s advice review and prescription pre audit, continuing to carry out drug dynamic monitoring, implementing standardized-path antimicrobial drug management, the hospital implemented refined and rational drug use management. Before and after the management, the average drug cost, prescription unqualified rate, auxiliary drug amount and antibacterial drugs related indicators were significantly improved, suggesting that fine pharmacy management could promote the rational use of drugs in the whole hospital, promote the transformation of pharmacists′ work, and control the unreasonable growth of drug costs.

Objective:To compare anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) , sex hormone and inhibitor B (Inhibin B, INH-B) levels in children with different karyotypes, ages, and gender disorders of sex developmemt (DSD).Methods:A total of 101 patients with suspected gonadal dysplasia in children who underwent serological examination at the Children′s Hospital of Hunan Province from January 2019 to June 2019 were finally diagnosed by pathological biopsy. With reference to previous studies of the same type, the 101 patients included in this study were divided into 4 levels (<1 year old, 1-2 years old, 2-4 years old, >4 years old), and the social gender was divided into two levels: male and female. At the same time, 89 cases of normal gonadal development children without endocrine abnormality were selected as control. Serum levels of AMH, INH-B, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T) were measured by chemiluminescence method.Results:Among the 101 cases, 62 were male and 39 were female; aged 23 days to 12 years, with a median age of 3.3 years; karyotype: 52 cases were 46, XX; 21 cases were 46, XY; 12 cases were 45, X; 7 cases were 46X, del (Xq); 5 cases were 46X, i (Xq); 2 cases were 45X, inv9; 2 cases were 45X / 46XX. There were 65 cases of partial gonadal dysplasia, 25 cases of disappearing testicular syndrome, and 11 cases of mixed gonadal dysplasia. One patient had a family history of infertility. Among the causes of children′s consultation, the most common were abnormal appearance of the external genitalia (54 cases, 53.47%), followed by small penile development and / or scrotal emptiness (25 cases, 24.75%). Other reasons included primary amenorrhea, double lateral groin mass, hypertension, clitoral hypertrophy, and labia minora adhesions. The levels of serum AMH, INH-B, and T in the gonadal dysplasia group were significantly higher than those in the normal gonadal development group, while the levels of LH, FSH, E2, and PRL were significantly lower than those in the normal gonadal development group ( P<0.05). The INH-B level of children with gonadal dysplasia in different age groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05), in which the INH-B level was the highest in <1-year-old children with gonadal dysplasia, and the lowest in 2-4-year-old children with gonadal dysplasia; the LH, FSH, E2, PRL, T levels of 46, XX and other karyotypes were statistically significant ( P<0.05); Compared with other age groups, the levels of LH, FSH, E2, and PRL were relatively higher in >4 year-old children with gonadal dysplasia, while the level of T was relatively lower; There were significant differences in E2, PRL and T levels in children with gonadal dysplasia in different age groups of 46, XY karyotype ( P<0.05). Compared with other age groups, E2, PRL and T levels of children with gonadal dysplasia >4 year-old old were relatively higher and T levels were relatively lower. The levels of AMH, LH, FSH, E2 and PRL in boys with glandular dysplasia were lower than those in girls ( P<0.05), while the levels of INH-B and T were higher in boys than those in girls ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The levels of anti-mullerian hormones, inhibin B, and sex hormones in children with gonadal dysplasia are different from the normal population, and may be related to the age, chromosome karyotype, and gender distribution of the child, but there are some confounding factors (such as etiology, treatment Scheme), so more samples are needed to verify it.

Objective:To investigate the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the expression of phosphorylated myosin light chain Ⅱ(p-MLCⅡ)and myosin light chain Ⅱ(MLCⅡ)protein in rat hepatic stellate cells HSC-T6 and explore the intervention effect of Danggui Shaoyao San(DSS)drug-containing serum. Method:After HSC-T6 cells were seeded, DMEM and blank rat serum with final concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were added to each well. The viability of HSC-T6 cells was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay to screen the suitable serum concentration range. The cells were divided into blank serum control group (5%, 10%, 15%) and DSS drug-containing serum group (5%, 10%, 15%). ELISA was used to detect the content of ET-1 in cell culture supernatant under basic state. The cells were divided into blank serum control group (10%), DSS drug-containing serum low (5%), medium (10%) and high dose (15%) groups. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the level of ET-1 mRNA in cell culture supernatant under basic state. The cells were divided into blank serum control group (10%), model group (10%), DSS drug-containing serum low (5%), medium (10%), high dose (15%) groups and Y-27632 inhibitor group (100 μmol·L^-1). Except the blank serum control group, the other groups all received 10 nmol·L^-1 ET-1 to induce HSC-T6 cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of p-MLCⅡ and MLCⅡ in HSC-T6 cells induced by ET-1. Result:Serum concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% were used as drug-containing serum concentrations. As compared with the blank serum control group, the DSS drug-containing serum group significantly reduced the relative content of ET-1 and ET-1 mRNA in the basic state (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the blank serum control group, the expression of p-MLCⅡ and MLCⅡ protein in the model group was significantly increased (P<0.01); DSS drug-containing serum groups and Y-27632 inhibitor group can significantly down-regulate p-MLCⅡ and MLCⅡ protein expression (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion:DSS drug-containing serum may down-regulate the expression of p-MLCⅡ and MLCⅡ by down-regulating the content of ET-1 and inhibiting the autocrine of ET-1.

PURPOSE: Little is known about combination of the circulating Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA and tumor volume in prognosis of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. We conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic values of combining these two factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By Kaplan-Meier, we compare the differences of survival curves between 385 patients with different EBV DNA or tumor volume levels, or with the combination of two biomarkers mentioned above. RESULTS: Gross tumor volume of cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd, p < 0.001) and total tumor volume (GTVtotal, p < 0.001) were both closely related to pretreatment EBV DNA, while gross tumor volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx, p=0.047) was weakly related to EBV DNA. EBV DNA was significantly correlated with progress-free survival (PFS, p=0.005), locoregional-free survival (LRFS, p=0.039), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, p=0.017), while GTVtotal, regardless of GTVnx and GTVnd, had a significant correlation with PFS and LRFS. The p-values of GTVtotal for PFS and LRFS were 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. According to GTVtotal and pretreatment EBV DNA level, patients were divided into a low-risk group (EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³; EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³; or EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm³) and a high-risk group (EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal ≥ 30 cm³). When patients in the low-risk group were compared with those in the high-risk group, 3-year PFS (p=0.003), LRFS (p=0.010), and DMFS (p=0.031) rates were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume were both closely correlated with prognosis of stage II NPC patients in the IMRT era. Combination of EBV DNA and tumor volume can refine prognosis and indicate for clinical therapy.
Biomarkers ; Cohort Studies* ; DNA* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Nasopharynx ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy* ; Tumor Burden*

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides ( DNA or RNA ) selected through a technology termed "Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment" ( SELEX ) . In addition to high affinity and high specificity for their target molecules, aptamers have some advantages such as low molecular weight, easy synthesis, high chemical stability, low immunogenicity, and convenient modification. Based on the Cell-SELEX technique, a panel of aptamers which can specifically recognize target cell lines has been generated. By targeting specific membrane proteins in their native state, these aptamers can identify subtle molecular differences among different cell lines, thus have attracted a broad interest in biomedical research. In this review, we summarized the development of aptamers and their use in detection, profiling and imaging of tumor cells. Also, their perspectives were discussed.