Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics of fluoride and trichloromethane in drinking water in rural schools in Guizhou Province and assess their health risks, so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water in rural schools. Methods: During the dry season (March to May) and wet season (July to September) of 2020 to 2022, 788 rural primary and secondary schools in agricultural counties (districts) in Guizhou Province were selected for investigation by using a direct sampling method. A total of 1 566 drinking water samples were collected from these schools, and the mass concentrations of fluoride and trichloromethane in the water samples were detected. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for intergroup comparison, and a health risk assessment model was employed to evaluate the health risks of students oral intake of fluoride and trichloromethane. Results: From 2020 to 2022, the mass concentrations of fluoride and trichloromethane in the drinking water of rural schools in Guizhou Province all met the standards, and the ranges were no detection to 0.99 mg/L and (no detection to 0.06)×10 -3 mg/L, respectively. The mass concentrations of fluoride in dry and wet seasons were 0.05(0.05,0.10), 0.05(0.05,0.10) mg/L, the mass concentrations of trichloromethane were [0.02(0.02,1.00)]×10 -3 , [0.02(0.02,1.00)]×10 -3 mg/L, the mass concentrations of fluoride in factory water and terminal water were 0.05(0.05,0.05), 0.05(0.05,0.10) mg/L, and the differences were not statistically significant ( Z=-0.04, -0.88, - 0.98 , P >0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the mass concentration of trichloromethane between factory water and peripheral water [0.02(0.02,0.02)×10 -3 , 0.02(0.02,1.05)×10 -3 mg/L]( Z=-2.16, P < 0.05 ). The non-carcinogenic risk assessment values for students oral exposure to fluoride and trichloromethane were in the range of 0.01(0.01,0.03)-0.03(0.03,0.06) and [0.26( 0.26 ,14.54)]×10 -4 -[0.52(0.52,48.62)]×10 -4 , respectively, all of which were at acceptable levels; the carcinogenic risk assessment values for oral exposure to trichloromethane were in the range of [0.08(0.08, 4.51 )]×10 -7 -[0.16(0.16,15.07)]×10 -7 , indicating a low risk. Conclusions The health risks of students expore to fluoride and trichloromethane in drinking water in rural schools of Guizhou Province are low. It is necessary to strengthen the standardized management of disinfection in some rural drinking water projects and the monitoring of fluoride in water sources to reduce the exposure risk to children.

Objective To investigate the correlations of computed tomography (CT), clinical, and pathological features in patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma positive and negative for spread through air spaces (STAS). Methods A total of 236 patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were selected, including 118 patients in STAS-positive group and 118 patients in STAS-negative group. The clinical data, CT signs, and pathological features of the two groups were collected and analyzed. Results There was a correlation between age and the occurrence of STAS. The age of the positive group was higher than that of the negative group. Smoking history and family history of tumor had no correlation with the occurrence of STAS. CT features signs such as nodule type and shape, tumor-lung interface, lobulation sign, spiculation sign, vacuole/cavity, air-bronchogram, pleural indentation sign, vascular changes, mean diameter of tumor, mean diameter of solid component, and the percentage of tumor solid components were significantly different between patients with and without STAS. The incidence of STAS in patients with solid nodules and partial solid nodules was significantly higher than that in patients with ground glass nodules. Multivariate analysis showed that the percentage of tumor solid components, air-bronchogram sign, lobulation sign, and tumor-lung interface were independent risk factors for predicting the occurrence of STAS. Conclusion The clinical data and CT signs of patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma are related to the occurrence of STAS. CT signs such as the percentage of tumor solid components, air-bronchogram, lobulation sign, and tumor-lung interface are of great significance to STAS prediction. Our findings provide an important basis for selection of personalized clinical treatment plans.

In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI),such as image recognition and fixed-point and digital scan-ning,has been increasingly applied in dental orthodontics.ChatGPT is an emerging artificial intelligence technology that has attracted a considerable amount of attention from people of all walks of life since its introduction.This paper discusses the application potential of ChatGPT in the field of orthodontics from two perspectives—education and clini-cal practice—and analyzes its limitations.Current reports show that ChatGPT can improve the efficiency of teaching in orthodontic education as well as assist users in completing medical mock exams training,writing papers and conducting academic research,etc.In the clinic,ChatGPT can be used to engage patients in medical dialog,simplify clinical proce-dures and improve diagnostic and treatment efficiency.However,because ChatGPT is still in the early stages of research and application,there are problems such as insufficient data,inaccurate answers,and poor academic ethics and privacy.In the future,additional studies,training and optimization are needed to ensure the safety,ethics and benefit of AI,lay-ing the foundation for improving the use of AI in the field of orthodontics.

Objective To explore the current status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)research on alopecia areata(AA)and arogenetic alopecia(AGA),analyzing the clinical syndrome and treatment characteristics,and providing reference for TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Search for research literature on traditional Chinese medicine treatment of hair loss in CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP separately.Removing duplicates through Notexpress and using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software for bibliometric analysis.Furthermore,focusing on the RCT research of traditional Chinese medicine internal treatment for AA and AGA,the data mining methods were used to analyze the pathogenesis,treatment methods,and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine.Results There are a total of 2954 literature on the treatment of hair loss by traditional Chinese medicine,with clinical research being the main research type.Among them,the main pathogenesis of AA is liver and kidney deficiency,qi and blood deficiency,etc.Commonly used herbs includes Polygonum multiflorum,Rehmannia glutinosa,Chuanxiong,Poria cocos,and Ligustrum lucidum,while the pathogenesis of AGA is mainly dampness heat accumulation,yin deficiency dampness heat,etc.,with commonly used herbs such as Platycladus orientalis,Alisma orientalis,Poria cocos,hawthorn,and Coix seed.Meanwhile,AA and AGA both pay more attention to the use of tonifying drugs in their treatment.Conclusion There is a growing trend in literature on the treatment of hair loss with TCM,and there are differences in the pathogenesis and treatment methods between AA and AGA in traditional Chinese medicine.It is worth further reference in the prescription and medication of clinical treatment of hair loss.

Objective To investigate the effect and application value of HC visual laryngoscope used for the emergency tracheal intubation on obese patients in the Emergency Department. Methods Totally 80 obese patients enrolled from January 2014 to December 2016 from Emergency Department, Second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University who needed the emergency tracheal intubation were randomly (random number) divided into two groups. Patients in group T were operated with traditional laryngoscope, and patients in group HC with HC visual laryngoscope. Then the success rate of glottis exposure, the trial times, operative time, success rate and complication rate of tracheal intubation were compared between the two groups. Results The success rate of glottis exposure in group HC was significantly higher than that in group T (95％ vs 77.5％, P<0.05). The one-time success rate of tracheal intubation and the total success rate of tracheal intubation in group HC were significantly higher than those in group T (72.5％ vs 37.5％, and 95％ vs 62.5％, respectively, P<0.05). However, the trial times of successful intubation cases and the operative time of successful intubation cases were significantly less than those in group T (1.26±0.40) vs (1.64±0.82), and (30.74±6.17) s vs (44.2±7.68) s, respectively, P<0.05. The complication rate of tracheal intubation in group HC was significantly less than that in group T (12.5％ vs 35％, P<0.05). Conclusions HC visual laryngoscope used for the obese patients in Emergency Department can not only increase the success rate of glottis exposure, decrease trial times and shorten operative time of intubation, but also improve the success rate and decrease the complication rate of emergency tracheal intubation, thus having a certain application value.

Objective To investigate the expression of actin-associated protein Transgelin in pancreatic cancer with or without diabetes and its effects on migration and invasion in SW1990 cell line. Methods The expression of Transgelin in 92 pancreatic cancer tissue specimens (45 cases accompanied with diabetes) and adjacent tumor-free tissue specimens (over 5cm from the edge of the tumor) was detected by immunohistochemistry, and their association with clinical pathological characteristics were also analyzed. Transgelin siRNA was designed and transfected into pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990. The changes of migration and invasion before and after transfection were observed through Transwell test.Results The positive percentage of Transgelin expression in pancreatic cancer was 68.5 ％ (63/92), which was significantly higher than that of adjacent tumor-free tissues[33.7％ ( 31/92), P＜ 0.05]. The positive percentage of Transgelin expression in pancreatic cancer accompanied with diabetes was 84.4％ (38/45), which was significantly higher than that without diabetes[53.2％ (25/47), P＜0.05]. The expression of Transgelin in pancreatic cancer tissues was associated with lymph nodes metastasis and TNM staging (both P＜0.05), but not related with gender, age, site, differentiation and portal vein or nerve invasion (P＞0.05). After Transgelin was interfered for 48 hours, the migration ability was significantly lower (migration cell number 49.2 ±9.5 cells) than negative control group (61.9±7.5 cells) and blank group (65.3±10.6 cells) (both P＜0.05), and the invasion of SW 1990 cells (48.0 ± 8.6 cells) also significantly lower than negative control group (63.5±11.4 cells) and blank group (67.5±9.6 cells) (both P＜0. 05). Conclusion Transgelin may involve in the metastasis of pancreatic cancer accompanied with diabetes through promoting pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion.

The reform of performance appraisal and salary system is key to public hospitals reform.This paper introduced practices of the factor performance and salary system reform based on the Balance Scorecard in hospitals.It established a four-dimension performance appraisal structure,a motive salary allocation model covering all members of a hospital.This would help build the performance appraisal and salary allocation system meeting present needs of public hospitals in China.

Objective To investigate the effect of protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 ( PIAS1 ) gene silencing on the inflammatory response of rat pancreatic acinar cell lines AR42J with cerulein stimulation, to study its role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.Methods The siRNA targeting PIASI was designed, synthesized, transfected into AR42J cells by lipofectmine 2000.24 h later, cerulean was added and cultured for another 24 h.Subsequent AR42J cells with cerulein stimulation were divided into 4 groups: cerulein, liposome, negative-siRNA and PIAS1-siRNA groups.In addition, a group with PBS was as control group.The activity of p38 mitogen- activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) was detected by western blotting.TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively.Results The expression of p38MAPK in PIAS1-siRNA, negative-siRNA, liposome, cerulein,and control group was 1.93 ±0.11, 1.22 ±0.10, 1.30 ±0.17,1.32 ± 0.21, 0.12 ± 0.02;while the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK was 2.10 ± 0.25, 1.36 ± 0.20,1.26 ±0.15, 1.23 ±0.25, 0.58 ±0.48, the expression in PIAS1-siRNA group was significantly increased when compared with other groups (P＜0.05).The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-9 mRNA were 1.66 ±0.15,1.66 ± 0.15,1.90 ±0.01, 1.56 ±0.20 in PIAS1-siRNA group, while the expression of protein was 2.06 ±0.37,2.20 ±0.34, 1.80 ±0.10, 1.17 ±0.05, which was markedly higher than those in other group (P ＜0.05).Conclusions PIAS1 gene silencing could enhance p38MAPK activity, and improve inflammatory mediator expression in pancreatic acinar cells with cerulein stimulation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the activity of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in cerulein-induced pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. Methods The in vivo model of AP was induced by cerulean treated pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J, then RPM and AG490 were given for intervention. Western blot was used to determine theexpressions of JAK1 and phosphorylation JAK1 ( P JAK1 ) , STAT1, PSTAT1 and TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6. The expressions of IL-6, IL-1 β, and TNFα mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. Survival rate of cells was evaluated by trypan blue stain. Results The relative expressions of JAK1, P JAK1, STAT1, P STAT1 and TNF-o, IL-1β, IL 6 without cerulean treatment were 0.09 ±0.04,0.14 ±0.08,0.21 ±0.09,0.12 ±0.12,0.10 ±0.02,0.08 ± 0.03,0.02 ± 0.02. After cerulean treatment, the expressions of abovementioned protein increased in a time-dependant manner, the expressions at 24h were 0.53 ± 0.09,0.53 ± 0.13,0.56 ± 0.09,0.55 ± 0.10,0.25 ± 0.04,0.25 ±0.09,0.27 ±0.07, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜0.05). 2 4 h after RPM and AG 4 9 0 inhibition, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6 proteins significantly decreased to 0.17 ± 0.03and 0.17 ± 0.01,0.15 ± 0.05 and 0.14 ± 0.07,0.19 ± 0.04 and 0.19 ± 0.05; their expressions of mRNA significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The cell survival rates in RPM and AG490 treatment group were (72.4 ± 11.2) %, (69.7 ± 9.8 ) %, and in cerulein-stimulated cells (42.2 ± 12.3 ) % ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway was involved in pancreatic inflammatory response with cerulein stimulation. Early treatment with inhibitors to the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway might control the inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis.

Objective To study the protective effects of activated protein C (AFC) on the apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to clarify the mechanisms associated with the expression of some genes related to apoptosis. Method The human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with LPS (1.0 μg/mL) for one hour to make the models of cell apoptosis, and then the different concentrations of AFC (10 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL) were added to the models of cell apoptosis as treatment group. Therefore, there were two groups, model group and APC treated group. The factors related with apoptosis such as P53, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 mRNA or protein level were measured by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results Compared with LPS stimulated cells, the expressions of P53, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA and levels of protein were decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein level were increased in APC treated cells particularly in APC 50 ng/mL treated cells (P <0.05). Conclusions The APC inhibits the apoptosis of HUVECs induced by LPS via regulating the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway, and it may become a novel therapeutic agent for infection disease.