Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics of fluoride and trichloromethane in drinking water in rural schools in Guizhou Province and assess their health risks, so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water in rural schools. Methods: During the dry season (March to May) and wet season (July to September) of 2020 to 2022, 788 rural primary and secondary schools in agricultural counties (districts) in Guizhou Province were selected for investigation by using a direct sampling method. A total of 1 566 drinking water samples were collected from these schools, and the mass concentrations of fluoride and trichloromethane in the water samples were detected. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for intergroup comparison, and a health risk assessment model was employed to evaluate the health risks of students oral intake of fluoride and trichloromethane. Results: From 2020 to 2022, the mass concentrations of fluoride and trichloromethane in the drinking water of rural schools in Guizhou Province all met the standards, and the ranges were no detection to 0.99 mg/L and (no detection to 0.06)×10 -3 mg/L, respectively. The mass concentrations of fluoride in dry and wet seasons were 0.05(0.05,0.10), 0.05(0.05,0.10) mg/L, the mass concentrations of trichloromethane were [0.02(0.02,1.00)]×10 -3 , [0.02(0.02,1.00)]×10 -3 mg/L, the mass concentrations of fluoride in factory water and terminal water were 0.05(0.05,0.05), 0.05(0.05,0.10) mg/L, and the differences were not statistically significant ( Z=-0.04, -0.88, - 0.98 , P >0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the mass concentration of trichloromethane between factory water and peripheral water [0.02(0.02,0.02)×10 -3 , 0.02(0.02,1.05)×10 -3 mg/L]( Z=-2.16, P < 0.05 ). The non-carcinogenic risk assessment values for students oral exposure to fluoride and trichloromethane were in the range of 0.01(0.01,0.03)-0.03(0.03,0.06) and [0.26( 0.26 ,14.54)]×10 -4 -[0.52(0.52,48.62)]×10 -4 , respectively, all of which were at acceptable levels; the carcinogenic risk assessment values for oral exposure to trichloromethane were in the range of [0.08(0.08, 4.51 )]×10 -7 -[0.16(0.16,15.07)]×10 -7 , indicating a low risk. Conclusions The health risks of students expore to fluoride and trichloromethane in drinking water in rural schools of Guizhou Province are low. It is necessary to strengthen the standardized management of disinfection in some rural drinking water projects and the monitoring of fluoride in water sources to reduce the exposure risk to children.

Objective To develop a risk prediction model for postoperative malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease(CHD)and to verify it both internally and externally.Methods By a convenience sampling method,300 CHD children treated at a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as a modeling group,and 129 children from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected as a validation group.Data on patient demographics,disease-specific variables,therapeutic interventions,and nursing care parameters were collected.Single factor and logistic regression were employed to construct a risk prediction model for postoperative malnutrition in CHD children,and the nomogram was drawn and its prediction effect was evaluated.Results The incidence of postoperative malnutrition among CHD children was 33.10％.Logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for malnutrition in children included birth weight＜2.5 kg,preoperative malnutrition,negative fluid balance 1 week after surgery,and long duration of cardiopulmonary bypass(P＜0.05).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the modeling group was 0.933;the sensitivity was 83.30％;the specificity was 90.90％.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that x2=7.765(P=0.457).The AUC of the validation group was 0.918;the sensitivity was 87.20％;the specificity was 90.00％.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that x2=4.947(P=0.763).Calibration curves for both groups indicated good calibration of the model,and the clinical decision curves demonstrated its practical clinical utility.Conclusion The risk prediction model developed in this study exhibits good predictive ability,which can provide a reference for medical staff to early identify high-risk infants for postoperative malnutrition following CHD surgery and to formulate targeted intervention measures.

Background Cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and miR-132-3p have been proved to be related to many neurodegenerative diseases. Our research group previously has demostrated that the neurotoxicity of aluminum is relevant to abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein, but whether aluminum affects the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein through GREB and miR-132-3p has not been reported yet . Objective To investigate the effect of aluminum on CREB and miR-132-3p during abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein in rat hippocampus. Methods Twenty-eight two-month-old SD rats with comparable weigh, were randomly assigned to four groups: control group (saline) and low, middle, and high dose exposure groups [10, 20, and 40 μmol·kg⁻¹ Al(mal)₃] with each group containing 7 rats, and the exposure period was 3 months by intraperitoneal injection every other day. After rats’ exposure to aluminum, Morris water maze was employed to assess their capabilities of learning and memory. The miR-132-3p gene expression level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The levels of CREB, phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) (Ser133), RAS p21 protein activator 1 (RASA1) tau, and p-tau (Ser396) proteins were determined by Western blot. Results The results of Morris water maze showed that in the navigation experiment (from first day to the fifth day), the average escape latency of the rats exposed to three doses of aluminum was longer than that of the control rats (P<0.05). The middle dose group and the high dose group demonstrated shorter duration and lower frequency of platform traversal in the designated quadrant when compared to the control group and the low dose group (P<0.05). Moreover, the duration in the target quadrant of the rats exposed to high dose aluminum was shorter than that of the rats exposed to medium dose aluminum (P<0.05). The results of Morris water maze suggested that aluminum could damage the learning and memory ability of rats. The qRT-PCR findings indicated a decline in miR-132-3p gene expression in rat hippocampus correlating with higher Al(mal)₃ dose (P<0.05). The Western blot test showed that the protein expressions of CREB and p-CREB (Ser133) were reduced in both the middle dose group and the high dose group (P<0.05) when compared to the control group and the low dose group, and likewise, compared to the control group, the group receiving low dose exhibited lower level of p-CREB (Ser133) protein expression (P<0.05). It was found that the further increase of aluminum exposure dose would lead to the further decrease of CREB and p-CREB (Ser133) protein expression levels (F=36.429, P<0.001; F=78.672, P<0.001), aluminum exposure dose was negatively correlated with the expression levels of the two proteins (r=−0.848, P<0.001; r=−0.928, P<0.001). The expression levels of RASA1 protein and tau protein in the aluminum exposure groups surpassed those in the control group (P<0.05). The tau protein phosphorylation level was higher in the middle dose group than in the control group (P<0.05), while the high dose group showed elevated phosphorylation level relative to the control group, the low dose group, and the middle dose group (P<0.05). Conclusion Aluminum may promote abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein by affecting CREB and miR-132-3p, which eventually leads to the impairment of learning and memory ability.

Objective Construct a human SNP genetic marker detection system using next generation sequencing technology and validate the system performance.Methods Based on multiple PCR amplification and capture technology,a set of detection system containing 621 autosomal SNPs and 398 Y chromosome SNPs was developed for accurate identification of individuals.To comprehensively evaluate the performance of the system,research was conducted on the overall coverage and balance,accuracy,sensitivity,repeatability,simulated degradation of samples,suitability of sample types,species specificity,mixed sample differentiation of the panel and so on.Results This system showed high coverage,uniformity and accuracy.when the input DNA was 0.062 5 ng,The system could detect more than 1 000 SNPs sites.And the system has a high detection efficiency for degradation test materials under the appropriate starting quantity.The repeatability between different personnel and different PCR instruments was 99.7%,indicating good repeatability.It is suitable for common forensic test materials,has high specificity,and has no spot detection for non-human samples in the test environment.When the gender ratio is 1∶20 or 20∶1,a single sample and mixed samples can still be distinguished.Conclusion The system has good classification accuracy and repeatability,with high sensitivity and high detection flux.It has strong detection ability for degraded and mixed samples,and can effectively eliminate interference from non-human species,improving individual recognition ability.

Objective To strengthen the homogeneous management of logistics of multi-campus hospital and improve the quality and efficiency of logistics service in order to improve the satisfaction of logistics.Methods On the basis of existing serv-ice model,we developed the logistics intelligent integrated management platform,and used the information management method to realize the homogeneous service and standardized management.Results With the logistics intelligent integrated management platform,maintenance time was reduced,and logistics satisfaction was significantly increased.Conclusion The establishment of a one-stop logistics service model based on the logistics intelligent integrated management platform can enhance multi-hospital lo-gistics management and improve both quality and efficiency.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the clinical value of myostatin(MST) and follistatin(FST) as biological biomarkers in evaluating sarcopenia in elderly women.Methods:This was a retrospective cross-sectional study that enrolled 350 females aged 20-89 years who underwent physical examinations in Shanghai Huadong Hospital in 2021. Demographic characteristics, muscle mass, fat mass, bone mineral density, hand grip strength, gait speed, and serum indices of MST and FST were collected.Results:The serum levels of MST did not change significantly with age. However, the serum levels of FST increased with age. In women aged≥60 years, MST was positively correlated with total lean mass and appendicular skeletal muscle index(ASMI; r=0.236, P=0.041; r=0.289, P=0.014), while FST was negatively correlated with ASMI( r=-0.265, P=0.030). In multivariate stepwise regression analysis, after adjusting for age, body mass index, hip bone mineral density, and total fat mass, only FST was independently correlated with ASMI( β=-0.238, P=0.006), while MST was not correlated with ASMI. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted using muscle mass reduction as the state variable and serum FST level as the test variable. The area under the curve was 0.753. And when the FST cutoff value was 17.49 ng/mL, the maximum Jordan index was 0.46, with a sensitivity of 77.3% and a specificity of 68.7%. Women aged ≥60 years were divided into three groups based on serum FST levels. Compared to the upper third of the serum FST level group, the low third of the FST level group had a significantly reduced risk of suffering from sarcopenia( OR=0.098, P =0.036). Conclusions:Serum FST lever has a better correlation with muscle mass among elderly women, making it a promising biomarker for evaluating muscle mass.

Objective To explore the current status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)research on alopecia areata(AA)and arogenetic alopecia(AGA),analyzing the clinical syndrome and treatment characteristics,and providing reference for TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Search for research literature on traditional Chinese medicine treatment of hair loss in CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP separately.Removing duplicates through Notexpress and using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software for bibliometric analysis.Furthermore,focusing on the RCT research of traditional Chinese medicine internal treatment for AA and AGA,the data mining methods were used to analyze the pathogenesis,treatment methods,and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine.Results There are a total of 2954 literature on the treatment of hair loss by traditional Chinese medicine,with clinical research being the main research type.Among them,the main pathogenesis of AA is liver and kidney deficiency,qi and blood deficiency,etc.Commonly used herbs includes Polygonum multiflorum,Rehmannia glutinosa,Chuanxiong,Poria cocos,and Ligustrum lucidum,while the pathogenesis of AGA is mainly dampness heat accumulation,yin deficiency dampness heat,etc.,with commonly used herbs such as Platycladus orientalis,Alisma orientalis,Poria cocos,hawthorn,and Coix seed.Meanwhile,AA and AGA both pay more attention to the use of tonifying drugs in their treatment.Conclusion There is a growing trend in literature on the treatment of hair loss with TCM,and there are differences in the pathogenesis and treatment methods between AA and AGA in traditional Chinese medicine.It is worth further reference in the prescription and medication of clinical treatment of hair loss.

Objective: Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a disorder characterized by impaired ovarian function. Sleep disorders are disruptions of the circadian rhythm, which appears to be closely linked to reproductive systems. This study aimed to investigate the impact of poor sleep quality on the ovarian reserve of childbearing-age women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China from June 2021 to March 2023. In total, 102 participants diagnosed with chronic insomnia disorder were included in the study. Questionnaires were administered to assess participants' menstrual patterns, insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression. The anti-Müllerian hormone level and the basal antral follicle count were measured for ovarian reserve evaluation. Correlation analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: The women with insomnia presented high percentages of hypomenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, and dysmenorrhea (78.4%, 74.5%, and 46.1%, respectively). Severe sleep disorder in the past month was identified as an independent risk factor for hypomenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 2.64 and OR, 2.688; p<0.05). The prevalence of DOR among women with insomnia (33.3%) was significantly higher than the average reported in previous studies for young women. Insomnia duration exceeding 1 year was determined to be an independent risk factor for DOR in women aged 36 to 40 years (OR, 4.5; p=0.033). Conclusion This study highlights the association between sleep disorders and menstrual problems. Prolonged poor sleep quality in women aged 36 to 40 years was identified as a significant risk factor for DOR. We should pay more attention to improving sleep quality in order to maintain normal ovarian function.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between allergen reactivity, atopic disease history and clinical features in patients with chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data and follow-up results from 168 patients with CIndU in the Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University from June 2014 to June 2015. Associations were analyzed between allergen reactivity, atopic disease history and clinical characteristics (including patient global assessment [PGA] scores, pruritus intensity, dermatology life quality index [DLQI], proportions of cases with complicated angioedema, natural course, etc.) in patients with different CIndU subtypes. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 168 patients with CIndU, 117 were diagnosed with symptomatic dermographism (SD) , 32 with cold contact urticaria (CCU) , 5 with heat contact urticaria (HCU) , and 14 with cholinergic urticaria (CholU) ; there were 46 (39.3%) , 14 (43.8%) , 3, and 9 patients with positive skin prick test (SPT) among the patients with SD, CCU, HCU and CholU respectively, and no significant difference was observed in the positive rate of SPT among patients with different CIndU subtypes ( χ2 = 3.86, P = 0.283) . The SPT-positive CIndU patients showed significantly increased PGA scores, pruritus scores, DLQI scores and proportions of cases with complicated angioedema compared with the SPT-negative patients (all P<0.05) ; the CIndU patients with a personal or family history of atopic diseases also showed significantly increased PGA and DLQI scores compared with those without (both P < 0.05) . For different CIndU subtypes, the pruritus scores, PGA scores, DLQI scores, and proportions of cases with complicated angioedema were significantly higher in the SPT-positive SD patients than in the SPT-negative SD patients (all P < 0.05) ; the DLQI scores were significantly higher in the SPT-positive CholU patients than in the SPT-negative CholU patients ( Z = -2.28, P = 0.019) ; the pruritus scores were significantly higher in the CCU patients with a personal or family history of atopic diseases than in those without ( Z =-2.41, P = 0.022) . Conclusion:The allergen reactivity and atopic disease history of CIndU patients were associated with disease severity, pruritus intensity, quality of life, and the proportion of cases with complicated angioedema, but their relationship with the natural course of CIndU needs to be confirmed by further studies.

Objective:To know the current situation of curriculum construction of "Fundamentals of Toxicology" of preventive medicine major in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) universities.Methods:The undergraduates of preventive medicine major from TCM universities in whole China were selected as the research objects using the cluster sampling method, who took "Fundamentals of Toxicology" course in the 2019-2020 academic year. Questionnaires were compiled and analyzed using descriptive method and radar chart.Results:Six TCM universities were investigated in this study. According to the results, 83.09% (344/414) thought it was necessary to set up the "Fundamentals of Toxicology" course, and the main motivation was to deal with the examination. The agreement rate between the opening semester and the students' wishes was 59.90% (248/414), and the percentages of better satisfaction of theoretical course teaching content, selection of teaching materials and class time were 64.73% (268/414), 55.07% (228/414) and 59.90% (248/414) respectively. The satisfaction rate of experimental course setting, teaching effect and class time was 59.66% (247/414), 62.08% (257/414) and 58.21% (241/414) respectively. It was better to set five times [27.29% (113/414)] or four times [26.81% (111/414)], and four students in each group was the best [53.86% (223/414)]. The most interesting experiment project was bone marrow micronucleus test [29.21% (59/202)], and comprehensive design experiments and highly operable experimental projects should be added. The radar chart of the core knowledge was normal operation type, and there were some differences among students in different schools.Conclusion:There are some differences in the course setting and core knowledge mastery level of the "Fundamentals of Toxicology" course of preventive medicine major in TCM universities. It is necessary to optimize the curriculum construction from opening semester, textbook selection, teaching content, experimental project, etc.