Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miglitol on regulating the energy metabolism of brown adipocytes by activating UCP1 and preventing cold injury in mice after cold exposure. Methods Primary brown adipocytes were induced into mature adipocytes, the effect of miglitol on the viability of brown adipocytes was investigated by MTT method, the lipid droplet consumption level of cells after drug administration was investigated by Oil Red O staining technology, and the level of UCP1, a key protein of thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, was detected by Western blotting. The activity of anti-frostbite was investigated in cold exposure at 4 ℃ and −20 ℃. KM mice, which were randomly divided into control group, cold exposure group, miglitol group and all-trans retinoic acid group, and after 7 days of repeated administration, the body surface temperature of mice was detected by infrared thermal imaging system, the anal temperature change was detected by anal thermometer, and the expression levels of UCP1 and PGC1-α in adipose tissue were detected by immunoblotting. Results Compared with the control group, the lipid droplet consumption and UCP1 expression levels in brown adipocytes in the miglitol group were significantly increased. The levels of body surface temperature and rectal temperature increased significantly after cold exposure, and the levels of UCP1 and PGC1α in the brown adipose tissue of mice increased significantly, which indicated that the miglitol could activate the critical proteins UCP1 and PGC1α of the thermogenesis pathway, increase the thermogenesis of mice after cold exposure, and thus improve the effect of cold injury for toe swelling. Conclusion Miglitol could play a role in improving cold injury and body temperature in mice by increasing the level of UCP1 and PGC1α, which are key targets of the thermogenesis pathway to promote the thermogenesis of brown fat.

This paper summarized professor WU Mianhua's experience in the treatment of tumors using Hehuanhua （Flos Albiziae）. He believes that the occurrence and development of tumors are closely related to emotions， and thereafter proposed the concept of "masses usually due to constraint， and should be treated by regulating the spirit".Hehuanhua is a light and aromatic flower that enters the heart， liver and spleen meridians， and is good at relieving constraint and regulating the spirit， harmonizing the center with aroma， which can be used to treat all kinds of tumor-related complications. Hehuanmi is flower buds， picked before the flowers fully blooms， have the effect of clearing and lightening upward， opening up the heart and mind， and unblocking liver qi. Commonly used formulas include self-made Ningxin Anmian Decoction （宁心安眠汤） to treat tumor-related insomnia， self-made Aitongxiao Formula （癌痛消方） to treat tumor-related pain， self-made Erhua Jieyu Formula （二花解郁方） to treat tumor-associated depression， and self-made Shugan Tiaohe Decoction （疏肝调和汤） to deal with peri-menopausal state after the treatment of tumors. Hehuanhua is an inflorescence， which captures the aromatic essence and has the function of removing the filth and turbidity， and can wake up the spleen and harmonize the stomach； therefore， it is often used in self-made Tiaomu Hezhong Decoction （调木和中汤） to treat chemotherapy-related digestive tract adverse reactions or combined with rose flowers to treat chemotherapy-induced oral ulcers.

ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and depression， and to provide a basis for synergistic management in clinical practice. MethodsThis study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines， with the PROSPERO registration number of CRD42023482013. PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， and CBM were searched for articles on the association between NAFLD and depression published up to November 1， 2024. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria， and related data were extracted. RevMan 5.3 was used to perform the Meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 18 studies were included， involving 396 793 participants. Among these studies， 12 discussed the influence of NAFLD on depression， involving 224 269 participants， among whom there were 75 574 patients with NAFLD. The Meta-analysis showed that NAFLD was significantly associated with the risk of depression （odds ratio ［OR］=1.21， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.12 — 1.30， P0.001）. Six studies examined the influence of depression on NAFLD， involving 172 524 participants， among whom there were 29 368 patients with depression. The meta-analysis showed that depression caused a significant increase in the risk of NAFLD （OR=1.13， 95%CI： 1.05 — 1.22， P=0.001）. ConclusionThere is a significant bidirectional association between NAFLD and depression. It is recommended to perform the screening for depression and enhance mental health monitoring in patients with NAFLD， and metabolic function assessment and exercise intervention should be performed for patients with depression.

Long-term burden of illness and associated medication usage make osteoporosis(OP) a common complication of respiratory diseases. The pathogenic risk factors and treatment strategies for respiratory diseases related OP are similar to primary OP. However, due to differences in the pathogenesis of each disease, there are distinctions in the characteristics of bone loss and treatment approaches. Therefore, targeted diagnostic and therapeutic plans need to be formulated. This article provides a comprehensive review of secondary OP caused by common respiratory diseases in terms of epidemiological characteristics, related risk factors or possible mechanisms, changes in bone metabolic indexes or characteristics of bone damage, and progress in diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this review is to offer insights into the prevention and treatment of secondary OP related to respiratory diseases and promote the development of a multidisciplinary collaborative approach.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics, influencing factors, and infection rates of pertussis in the population of Henan Province.Methods:From 2022 to 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the permanent population in Henan Province. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect anti-pertussis toxin IgG (PT-IgG), analyze the antibody positivity rate (≥20 IU/ml) and median concentration (MC), and estimate the pertussis infection rate based on PT IgG ≥40 IU/ml. The rank sum test was used to compare antibody levels among groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare antibody positive rates and infection rates among groups. Results:A total of 4 810 research subjects were included in this study. The overall positive rate of PT-IgG was 12.10% and MC was 3.04 (0.35, 10.36) IU/ml. There were significant differences both in positive rates and antibody levels of PT-IgG among different regions or age groups (region positive rate: χ2=134.06, P<0.001, MC: H=337.74, P<0.001; age group positive rate: χ2=45.27, P<0.001, MC: H=134.49, P<0.001). Both the positive rate of PT-IgG (25.26%) and MC (8.01 IU/ml) were the highest within one year after completing a full course of vaccination. There were significant differences in positive rates and antibody levels among people receiving different types of pertussis vaccines (positive rate: χ2=12.38, P=0.006, MC: H=17.93, P<0.001). The antibody positivity rate (35.71%) and MC (8.88 IU/ml) of the people who received cell-free pertussis inactivated poliomyelitis influenza type b (combined) vaccine throughout the course were higher than those who received other types of vaccines. The natural infection rate of pertussis was evaluated for individuals aged≥3 years who had no history of pertussis vaccine immunization within the year prior to sampling. With a high vaccination rate, the estimated infection rate of pertussis in the population was 5 757.22/100 000. The infection rates in the 3-year-old (1 940.16/100 000) and 4-year-old (1 765.68/100 000) populations were at a low level among the entire population, reaching their peak at the age of 6 (12 656.71/100 000). Subsequently, although the infection rate continued to decline, it remained at a high level and peaked again at the age of 40-49 years (8 740.39/100 000). There was a statistically significant difference in the estimated infection rate of pertussis among different age groups ( χ2=53.21, P<0.001). Conclusion:The PT-IgG level of pertussis in the population of Henan Province is generally at a low level. The estimated infection rate of pertussis is much higher than the reported incidence rate. A booster dose of pertussis vaccine is recommended at 6 years old.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics, influencing factors, and infection rates of pertussis in the population of Henan Province.Methods:From 2022 to 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the permanent population in Henan Province. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect anti-pertussis toxin IgG (PT-IgG), analyze the antibody positivity rate (≥20 IU/ml) and median concentration (MC), and estimate the pertussis infection rate based on PT IgG ≥40 IU/ml. The rank sum test was used to compare antibody levels among groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare antibody positive rates and infection rates among groups. Results:A total of 4 810 research subjects were included in this study. The overall positive rate of PT-IgG was 12.10% and MC was 3.04 (0.35, 10.36) IU/ml. There were significant differences both in positive rates and antibody levels of PT-IgG among different regions or age groups (region positive rate: χ2=134.06, P<0.001, MC: H=337.74, P<0.001; age group positive rate: χ2=45.27, P<0.001, MC: H=134.49, P<0.001). Both the positive rate of PT-IgG (25.26%) and MC (8.01 IU/ml) were the highest within one year after completing a full course of vaccination. There were significant differences in positive rates and antibody levels among people receiving different types of pertussis vaccines (positive rate: χ2=12.38, P=0.006, MC: H=17.93, P<0.001). The antibody positivity rate (35.71%) and MC (8.88 IU/ml) of the people who received cell-free pertussis inactivated poliomyelitis influenza type b (combined) vaccine throughout the course were higher than those who received other types of vaccines. The natural infection rate of pertussis was evaluated for individuals aged≥3 years who had no history of pertussis vaccine immunization within the year prior to sampling. With a high vaccination rate, the estimated infection rate of pertussis in the population was 5 757.22/100 000. The infection rates in the 3-year-old (1 940.16/100 000) and 4-year-old (1 765.68/100 000) populations were at a low level among the entire population, reaching their peak at the age of 6 (12 656.71/100 000). Subsequently, although the infection rate continued to decline, it remained at a high level and peaked again at the age of 40-49 years (8 740.39/100 000). There was a statistically significant difference in the estimated infection rate of pertussis among different age groups ( χ2=53.21, P<0.001). Conclusion:The PT-IgG level of pertussis in the population of Henan Province is generally at a low level. The estimated infection rate of pertussis is much higher than the reported incidence rate. A booster dose of pertussis vaccine is recommended at 6 years old.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between hearing loss and microvascular complications in diabetes.Methods:This cross-sectional study conducted the data from 572 patients with diabetes hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department of the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command from September 2022 to July 2023. All participants underwent electrical audiometry and acoustic immittance in the ENY department. Based on the audiometric results, participants were categorized into normal hearing group and hearing loss group. Additionally, 572 non-diabetic patients from the outpatient department were enrolled as the non-diabetic group. The general information and laboratory results were collected and compared using t test, rank sum test or χ2 test. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of diabetic hearing loss with diabetic kidney disease(DKD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Results:Among 572 patients with diabetes, 429 suffered from hearing loss and 143 were normal. χ2 test showed significant differences in combined DKD and DPN between two groups, but not in DR. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified DKD and DPN as risk factors for hearing loss, but no correlation was found with DR. Conclusion:Diabetic patients with DKD or DPN should be monitored for potential hearing loss. Early screening and treatment are crucial to prevent severe hearing impairment.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of digital and 3D printing technologies on design of superficial iliac circumflex artery flap for coverage the donor site of anterolateral thigh flap(ALTF).Methods:Clinical data of 8 patients were studied retrospectively for treatment of soft tissue defects of hand in the Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi NO.9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, from April 2017 to October 2021. The patients were 6 males and 2 females, aged from 29 to 59 years(mean, 45.8 years). Cause of injury: 3 patients were crushed, 2 by hot pressing, and 3 by machine strangulation. Site of injury included: 5 cases were dorsal hand defects and 3 cases were palm defects. All the wounds were contaminated to varying degrees with soft tissue defects. The areas of soft tissue defect ranged from 11 cm×10 cm to 22 cm×14 cm. Four patients had combined injuries of open fracture of metacarpals and phalanges and 3 with tendon defects. All wounds were repaired by free ALTF transplantation. And the donor sites in the thigh were repaired by superficial iliac circumflex artery flaps. The secondary wounds caused by flap harvesting on abdominal wall were closed directly. The targeted perforator vessels were detected preoperatively by CTA combined with CDU. 3D printed models of the affected hand were obtained before operation for individualised repairs according to the shape and area of the wounds. After the operation, all patients entered scheduled follow-ups at the outpatient clinic and via internet by observing the flap shape and testing the recovery of sensory and movement of adjacent joint.Results:The shapes and sizes of the wounds and the flaps were found basically in accordance with those in the preoperative simulative designs. All flaps in 8 patients survived and the wounds healed completely. All patients entered follow-ups for 8 to 24(average, 17.5) months. The donor thighs presented good appearance and colour, pliability without bloating. The range of motion of the hips and knees was not affected. Only linear scars remained in the abdominal donor sites, with natural colour and appearance.Conclusion:Digital and 3D printing technologies in preoperative design of flaps can help to locate the perforator vessels intraoperatively and guide the individualised design of the flaps with improved operation efficiency and satisfactory appearance of the flaps.

Objective:To investigate the serotypes and epidemic characteristics of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) in acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Henan Province in 2021.Methods:Fecal specimens of 529 AFP cases reported in Henan Province in 2021 were collected for virus isolation. The VP1 regions of NPEV were sequenced. MEGA5.1 software was used for sequence alignment and a phylogenetic tree was constructed as well. The epidemiological data were organized and statistically analyzed using Excel2016 and SPSS26 software.Results:A total of 30 strains of NPEV were isolated from the fecal specimens of 529 AFP cases, with an isolation rate of 5.67% (30/529). They were belonged to group A and group B with 15 strains in each group, and no group C or group D viruses were isolated. Group A contained six serotypes and was dominated by coxsackievirus A2 (CVA2) and CVA6. Group B contained tree serotypes and was dominated by CVB3. In the population distribution, the separation rate of NPEV was the highest among children under 5 years old, which was 76.67% (23/30), and the ratio of male to female was 1.51∶1. In the regional distribution, group A viruses were mainly distributed in the central, southern and southwestern parts of Henan Province with CVA2 and CVA4 being the most widely distributed, while group B viruses were relatively concentrated, mainly distributed in the central, northern and southwestern parts of Henan Province with CVB3 being the predominant. In terms of time distribution, NPEV could be isolated throughout the year except from January to February, showing the epidemic characteristics of high incidence in spring and summer and low incidence in autumn and winter. The peak of group A virus infection was in May and the peak period of group B virus infection was from June to July.Conclusions:CVB3 was the main serotype of NPEV isolated in Henan Province in 2021. The pathogenic spectrum and regional distribution of NPEV had changed significantly compared with those in 2018-2019. In order to provide reference for the diagnosis and surveillance of AFP and maintain the polio-free status in Henan Province, much attention should be paid to the current epidemic trend of NPEV.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of radial dorsal digital artery flap with part short thumb extensor tendon in repairing dorsal skin defects of the thumb.Methods:The clinical data of patients with thumb wounds complicated with extensor tendon defect who were repaired with radial dorsal digital artery flap with part short thumb extensor tendon in the Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi No.9 People's Hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. After the operation, the shape and function of the thumb were followed up by testing the two-point discrimination of chimeric flap, the sensory function and the thumb opposition function. The function of the thumb was evaluated with the reference of the total active movement (TAM) of fingers of the Chinese Medical Association Hand Surgery Branch.Results:A total of 10 cases with soft tissue defect of thumb were treated, whose tendon defect ranged 1.0-1.7 cm in length. There were 6 males and 4 females, aged from 20 to 67 years (mean, 41 years). The left hand was involved in 6 cases and the right in 4 cases. Radial dorsal digital artery flap with part short thumb extensor tendon were used to reconstruct extensor tendon and wound with the size of 2.0 cm×1.5 cm-3.0 cm×2.5 cm. The size of flap harvest was 2.5 cm× 1.8 cm-3.5 cm× 3.0 cm, and the tendon was 2.0-3.4 cm in length. All flaps in 10 patients were survived with primary healing.All patients were followed-up from 6 to 12 months, with the average of 8 months. Flaps presented good appearance and color, pliability. The two-point discrimination of chimeric flap was 7-10 mm (mean, 9 mm), and the thumb opposition function was good. The flap sensory function reached S3. The interphalangeal joint flexion of thumb was 60°-90 °, and the thumb opposition function was good. According to the total active movement system, excellent result was achieved in 8 cases and good in 2 cases.Conclusions:Radial dorsal digital artery flap with part short thumb extensor tendon was an ideal clinical method for repair of dorsal skin defects of the thumb, which can repair skin and tendon defects in one stage. The operation is simple with reliable blood supply. This method could also restore the appearance and function of fingers.