To guide transfusion practice in critically ill children who often need plasma and platelet transfusions, the Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative-Control/Avoidance of Bleeding (TAXI-CAB) developed Recommendations and Expert Consensus for Plasma and Platelet Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children. This guideline addresses 53 recommendations related to plasma and platelet transfusion in critically ill children with 8 kinds of diseases, laboratory testing, selection/treatment of plasma and platelet components, and research priorities. This paper introduces the specific methods and results of the recommendation formation of the guideline.

Objective The results of ASTRUM-007 reveal the clinical benefits of PD-L1-positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)patients.This study aims to analyze the economics of first-line treatment of PD-L1-positive ESCC with brucella combined with chemotherapy from the perspective of China's health system.Methods A three-state partitioned survival model(PSM)including progression-free survival(PFS),disease progression(PD),and death(D)was established to evaluate the economy of serplulimab combined with chemotherapy,the first-line treatment for PD-L1 positive advanced ESCC,compared with the placebo combination chemotherapy.The cycle period was two weeks,the horizon of the simulation was a lifetime,and the annual discount rate was set to 5%.The main outcome parameters are total cost,quality-adjusted life year(QALY),and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER).One-way sensitivity analysis(OWSA),probability sensitivity analysis(PSA),and scenario analysis were used to evaluate the impact of the change of important parameters in the model on ICER.Results The basic results showed that the incremental effect and incremental cost of the serplulimab combined with chemotherapy compared with the placebo combination chemotherapy were 1.281 QALYs and 266 573.26 yuan,respectively,and the ICER was 208 166.24 yuan/QALY.OWSA showed that the price of serplulimab was the most sensitive parameter to ICER;PSA showed that when the WTP threshold was three times China's per capita GDP in 2022,Serplulimab combined with chemotherapy was significantly more economical than the placebo combination chemotherapy;scenario analysis revealed that according to the ASTRUM-007 study in the Central Asian group and the charitable drug donation program of serplulimab:in patients with PD-L1 1≤CPS<10,ICER was 205 056.83 yuan/QALY;with 218 022.59/QALY in patients with PD-L1 CPS≥10,and the mean value of ICER was lower than three times of China's per capita GDP.The ICER of all patients was 59 046.65 yuan/QALY,with 68 294.42 yuan/QALY of patients with PD-L1 1≤CPS<10,44 744.02 yuan/QALY of patients with PD-L1 CPS≥10.The ICER value was lower than China's per capita GDP.Conclusion Serplulimab combined with chemotherapy is more economical than placebo combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of PD-L1-positive ESCC patients.

Objective To analyze the seroepidemiology characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection in children in Shenyang.Methods From June 2022 to May 2023,serum was collected from 12 083 children at Shengjing hospital of China Medical University.Serum capsid antigen(VCA)-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBV nuclear antigen-IgG(EBNA-IgG),and early antigen-IgG(EA-IgG)antibodies were detected using the LIAISION chemiluminescence immunoassay.EBV-DNA was detected using real-time PCR.Differences in antibody positivity rates between sexes,ages,and seasons of onset were compared.Results In 12 083 patients,the positive rates of VCA-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG were 9.95％(1 202/12 083),50.57％(6 110/12 083),46.03％(5 562/12 083)and 4.93％(596/12 083).The positive rates of VCA-IgM and EA-IgG were lower in male patients(9.09％and 4.44％,respectively)than in female patients(11.10％,5.60％;all P＜0.05).The differences in the positive rates for VCA-IgM,VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG antibodies in children of different ages were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Differences in the positive rates of VCA-IgG,EBNA-IgG,and EA-IgG antibodies were statistically significant when compared between seasons(all P＜0.05).Fourteen EBV antibody-positive combinations were detected,of which the main combination was VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG double-positive,with a total of 4 741 cases(39.24％).Of the 3 712 children who underwent EBV-DNA detection testing,3 034(81.73％)were EBV-DNA-negative and 678(18.27％)were EBV-DNA-posi-tive.VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG double positivity was the most common in EBV-DNA-negative and EBV-DNA-positive children,accounting for 983(26.48％)and 194 cases(5.23％),respectively.Conclusion Both VCA-IgG and EBNA-IgG antibodies are main positive in children with EBV infection in Shenyang.The positive rate of EBV antibodies is lower in boys than in girls.The positive rates of EBV anti-bodies differ in children of different ages and seasons of onset.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application and biomechanical characteristics of zygomatic implant supported prosthesis (ZIP) in restoring unilateral maxillary defect and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected. Inclusion criteria: unilateral maxillary defect, 18 to 70 years old, no systemic chronic disease, no radiotherapy history, healthy residual dentition, no moderate to severe periodontitis, no loose teeth, and no obvious malocclusion. Two zygomatic implants were implanted on the affected side, and the defects were restored with removable prostheses (RP) immediately after the operation. ZIP was manufactured and placed 6-12 months after implantation. And then, the quality of life after wearing RP and ZIP was evaluated with Dental Impact on Daily Living scale (DIDL). The subjective feelings of patients were evaluated from five aspects of appearance, pain, oral comfort, eating and chewing and general performance. The results were statistically analyzed by independent sample t test. A three dimension model of skull was established with the CT data of a 25-year-old healthy male and the models of zygomatic implants and prosthesis were constructed at the same time. In this composite model, a 150 N vertical force was loaded on the occlusal surface of the prosthetic prosthesis to simulate the bite force, and the stress distribution and concentration points of the zygomatic implant, prosthetic clasps, palatal plate, abutment and other parts were analyzed. The differences between RP and ZIP restoration were compared. Results:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect were selected, including 5 males and 3 females, aged from 18 to 63 years, with an average of 48.9 years. A total of 16 zygomatic implants were implanted in 8 patients, and ZIP repair was completed 9-10 months after operation. The result of DIDL scale showed that, in terms of appearance, oral comfort, eating and chewing, general performance, the score of ZIP group was 0.79±0.15, 0.70±0.15, 0.63±0.24, 0.73±0.13 respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of RP group -0.41±0.22, 0.35±0.22, -0.09±0.34, 0.30±0.19 respectively. Nevertheless, the score of ZIP group in terms of pain was 0.29±0.15, which was lower than that of RP group (0.48±0.23). Except for pain, the other differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The biomechanical analysis showed that, compared with RP group, the stress of ZIP was distributed mainly in the zygomatic implants. And the stress of palatal plates, clasps and abutments was reduced significantly and distributed evenly, with no obviously stress concentration point. Conclusions:ZIP can improve appearance, reduce discomfort and increase mastication efficiency. It is a better choice for unilateral maxillary defect restoration.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application and biomechanical characteristics of zygomatic implant supported prosthesis (ZIP) in restoring unilateral maxillary defect and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected. Inclusion criteria: unilateral maxillary defect, 18 to 70 years old, no systemic chronic disease, no radiotherapy history, healthy residual dentition, no moderate to severe periodontitis, no loose teeth, and no obvious malocclusion. Two zygomatic implants were implanted on the affected side, and the defects were restored with removable prostheses (RP) immediately after the operation. ZIP was manufactured and placed 6-12 months after implantation. And then, the quality of life after wearing RP and ZIP was evaluated with Dental Impact on Daily Living scale (DIDL). The subjective feelings of patients were evaluated from five aspects of appearance, pain, oral comfort, eating and chewing and general performance. The results were statistically analyzed by independent sample t test. A three dimension model of skull was established with the CT data of a 25-year-old healthy male and the models of zygomatic implants and prosthesis were constructed at the same time. In this composite model, a 150 N vertical force was loaded on the occlusal surface of the prosthetic prosthesis to simulate the bite force, and the stress distribution and concentration points of the zygomatic implant, prosthetic clasps, palatal plate, abutment and other parts were analyzed. The differences between RP and ZIP restoration were compared. Results:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect were selected, including 5 males and 3 females, aged from 18 to 63 years, with an average of 48.9 years. A total of 16 zygomatic implants were implanted in 8 patients, and ZIP repair was completed 9-10 months after operation. The result of DIDL scale showed that, in terms of appearance, oral comfort, eating and chewing, general performance, the score of ZIP group was 0.79±0.15, 0.70±0.15, 0.63±0.24, 0.73±0.13 respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of RP group -0.41±0.22, 0.35±0.22, -0.09±0.34, 0.30±0.19 respectively. Nevertheless, the score of ZIP group in terms of pain was 0.29±0.15, which was lower than that of RP group (0.48±0.23). Except for pain, the other differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The biomechanical analysis showed that, compared with RP group, the stress of ZIP was distributed mainly in the zygomatic implants. And the stress of palatal plates, clasps and abutments was reduced significantly and distributed evenly, with no obviously stress concentration point. Conclusions:ZIP can improve appearance, reduce discomfort and increase mastication efficiency. It is a better choice for unilateral maxillary defect restoration.

Objective: To investigate the automatic implicit attitude and explicit stigma of mental illness, and the intervention effectiveness on the stigma of mental illness in college students. Methods: Single category implicit association test(SC-IAT) and questionnaire survey were used to study the degree of implicit and explicit mental illness stigma among 30 college students of Peking University, and investigated the effect of two strategies, education and contact.Data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 with t-test and variance analysis. Results: The D values of SC-IAT in the three dimensions of cognitive evaluation, emotional response and behavioral tendency of college students were 0.29±0.37, 0.24±0.43, and 0.10±0.43.There was a statistically significant difference between the cognitive evaluation dimension, the emotional response dimension and 0(t=4.069, P<0.01; t=2.925, P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the implicit stigma and the 0 in the behavioral tendency dimension(t=1.423, P=0.167). In the explicit stigma, the mercy dimension score(1.94±0.61) was lower than the median, and the difference was statistically significant(t=-12.286, P<0.01), while the scores of anger dimension(4.62±0.44) and fear dimension (4.55±0.31) were higher than the median(t=13.243, 3.200, both P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the values of implicit and external stigma among pre-intervention, education intervention and after contact(P>0.05). The correct rates of questions "Which of the following situations do you think are considered mentally unhealthy? " and "Which of the following disorders are mental illnesses" (42±13)%, (54±13)%) increased after receiving educational intervention ((49±12)%, (64±13)%), the difference was statistically significant (F=3.682, P<0.05; F=3.576, P<0.05). Conclusion College students have implicit mental illness stigma, educational and contact intervention strategies can help improve college students' understanding of relevant knowledge, and cannot improve the level of implicit stigma of college students on mental illness.

Objective: To discuss possible ethical and boundary issues when contacting clients through WeChat in different situations. Methods: Self-made questionnaires were utilized to investigate 194 counselors' (18 counselors gave clients their job WeChat ID, 64 counselors gave their private WeChat ID, and 115 counselors do not give WeChat toclients) attitudes and behaviors of encountering multiple relationship issues when using WeChat Results: For WeChat boundary, counselors who had job WeChat ID would post more private photos and videos on the post than counselors with no job ID and without ID(P <0.01). Although 41％ of counselors would use WeChat during the counseling and other related activities, only 10％ of the counselors had job ID. Counselors with no ID tended to accept clients breaking the boundaries through other ways (P <0.01). Conclusion: The study indicates that counselors have encountered ethic issues of multiple relationships when using WeChat Counselors who only have private WeChat ID should increase their sensitivity of the boundary issues in the use of WeChat.

Objects:To investigate the current situation of counselors'implementation and their attitude to informed consent in Beijing.Methods:Eleven counselors who worked in Beijing were interviewed,the average of their working years was (7.4 ± 4.4).A semi-structured interview was used to learn about their practicing processes in and viewpoints on informed consent,and their interview transcripts were analyzed through qualitative method.Results:The results could be categorized into four categories,including the content of informed consent,the influential factors of informed consent,problems and confusions,and the significance of informed consent.The crucial role of informed consent in psychotherapy was generally recognized by counselors,and they could obey the related rules as well.The therapists had some confusion and problems about informed consent,such as the form and length,the consent for special population and online consultation.Conclusion:Basically,the counselors in Beijing could comply with the ethical standards of informed consent.However,they also suggest that certain limitations of these rules should be noticed.

BACKGROUNDPaclitaxel plus cisplatin is an effective regimen in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it has severe adverse toxicities. The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect and safety of paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin compared with paclitaxel plus cisplatin in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

METHODSFrom January, 2002 to October, 2004, 83 initially treated patients with advanced NSCLC were randomized into two groups: the trial group was treated with paclitaxel 175mg/m², and oxaliplatin 130mg/m² on day 1;and the control group was treated with paclitaxel 175mg/m² and cisplatin 80mg/m² on day 1. Both of them were repeated every 21 days and 2-6 cycles were given to patients. The evaluation of efficacy and safety was performed after chemotherapy regularly.

RESULTSAll patients were evaluable and received 2 cycles chemotherapy at least. The response rate of the trial group and control group was 34.1% (14/41) and 33.3% (14/42) respectively, median time to progression of them was 6.0 months and 5.5 months, median survival time was 10.7 months and 10.5 months, 1-year survival was 39.0% (16/41) and 40.5% (17/42) respectively. The following adverse effects of the two groups were different: the incidence rate of III+IV leukopenia was 4.9% and 28.6% in the trial group and the control group respectively, III+IV thrombocytopemia was 0 and 14.3%, III+IV nausea and vomiting was 7.3% and 26.2%. The difference of the incidence rate of III+IV nerve abnormality (9.8% and 9.5%), imparied renal function (0 and 7.1%), myalgia and anthralgia (0 and 2.4%) was insignificant.

CONCLUSIONSThe regimen of paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin have the similar efficacy and less adverse toxicities as compared to Paclitaxel plus Cisplatin in treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Objective The CT features of hepatic abscess (HA) were studied to differentiate form hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The CT and operative-pathological findings of 78 cases with HA were analyied and compared with the CT appearances of a series proven cases of HCC.Results None of 25 cases had the so-called typical findings such as the marginal"double-target sign"and the even liquidizing necrotic area and containing gas zone within the lesion,53 cases had the central even liquidizing necrotic area,the marginal "Double-target sign",and containing gas zone within the lesion.Most of a typical hepatic abscess were early HA,and the precontrast CT showed nonspecific features.There were characteristic features on contrast CT.They were peripheral multicyst sign,sharp-edged sign spider-like sign,continued enhancement sign.Conclusion The CT features of HA are very valuable for the diagnosis of HA and the differential diagnosis from HCC.