Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between various exercise components (frequency, intensity, duration) and social anxiety. Methods: A sample of 844 college students in China participated in this study. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 assessed participants’ daily physical activity. Social anxiety levels were measured using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information and examine the relationships between exercise components and social anxiety levels. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in social anxiety levels across varying physical activity intensities. Specifically, students engaging in high levels of physical activity exhibited the lowest social anxiety. Post hoc analyses identified that exercise frequency F3 (p<0.01), exercise duration D5 (p<0.01), and exercise intensity I3 (p<0.01) were significantly associated with the lowest social anxiety levels. Among these components, regression analysis indicated that exercise duration (p<0.01) had the most substantial impact on social anxiety levels, followed by exercise frequency (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise intensity (p>0.05) did not significantly affect social anxiety levels. Conclusion The most influential factors associated with decreased social anxiety were: 1) moderate to high exercise intensity, 2) exercise duration of at least one hour, and 3) exercise frequency of at least 1–2 times per week. Among these factors, exercise duration and frequency demonstrated significantly stronger associations with reduced social anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to prioritize exercise duration and frequency in physical activity programs for college students to reduce social anxiety and achieve more substantial outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between various exercise components (frequency, intensity, duration) and social anxiety. Methods: A sample of 844 college students in China participated in this study. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 assessed participants’ daily physical activity. Social anxiety levels were measured using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information and examine the relationships between exercise components and social anxiety levels. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in social anxiety levels across varying physical activity intensities. Specifically, students engaging in high levels of physical activity exhibited the lowest social anxiety. Post hoc analyses identified that exercise frequency F3 (p<0.01), exercise duration D5 (p<0.01), and exercise intensity I3 (p<0.01) were significantly associated with the lowest social anxiety levels. Among these components, regression analysis indicated that exercise duration (p<0.01) had the most substantial impact on social anxiety levels, followed by exercise frequency (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise intensity (p>0.05) did not significantly affect social anxiety levels. Conclusion The most influential factors associated with decreased social anxiety were: 1) moderate to high exercise intensity, 2) exercise duration of at least one hour, and 3) exercise frequency of at least 1–2 times per week. Among these factors, exercise duration and frequency demonstrated significantly stronger associations with reduced social anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to prioritize exercise duration and frequency in physical activity programs for college students to reduce social anxiety and achieve more substantial outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between various exercise components (frequency, intensity, duration) and social anxiety. Methods: A sample of 844 college students in China participated in this study. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 assessed participants’ daily physical activity. Social anxiety levels were measured using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information and examine the relationships between exercise components and social anxiety levels. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in social anxiety levels across varying physical activity intensities. Specifically, students engaging in high levels of physical activity exhibited the lowest social anxiety. Post hoc analyses identified that exercise frequency F3 (p<0.01), exercise duration D5 (p<0.01), and exercise intensity I3 (p<0.01) were significantly associated with the lowest social anxiety levels. Among these components, regression analysis indicated that exercise duration (p<0.01) had the most substantial impact on social anxiety levels, followed by exercise frequency (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise intensity (p>0.05) did not significantly affect social anxiety levels. Conclusion The most influential factors associated with decreased social anxiety were: 1) moderate to high exercise intensity, 2) exercise duration of at least one hour, and 3) exercise frequency of at least 1–2 times per week. Among these factors, exercise duration and frequency demonstrated significantly stronger associations with reduced social anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to prioritize exercise duration and frequency in physical activity programs for college students to reduce social anxiety and achieve more substantial outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between various exercise components (frequency, intensity, duration) and social anxiety. Methods: A sample of 844 college students in China participated in this study. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 assessed participants’ daily physical activity. Social anxiety levels were measured using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information and examine the relationships between exercise components and social anxiety levels. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in social anxiety levels across varying physical activity intensities. Specifically, students engaging in high levels of physical activity exhibited the lowest social anxiety. Post hoc analyses identified that exercise frequency F3 (p<0.01), exercise duration D5 (p<0.01), and exercise intensity I3 (p<0.01) were significantly associated with the lowest social anxiety levels. Among these components, regression analysis indicated that exercise duration (p<0.01) had the most substantial impact on social anxiety levels, followed by exercise frequency (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise intensity (p>0.05) did not significantly affect social anxiety levels. Conclusion The most influential factors associated with decreased social anxiety were: 1) moderate to high exercise intensity, 2) exercise duration of at least one hour, and 3) exercise frequency of at least 1–2 times per week. Among these factors, exercise duration and frequency demonstrated significantly stronger associations with reduced social anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to prioritize exercise duration and frequency in physical activity programs for college students to reduce social anxiety and achieve more substantial outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between various exercise components (frequency, intensity, duration) and social anxiety. Methods: A sample of 844 college students in China participated in this study. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 assessed participants’ daily physical activity. Social anxiety levels were measured using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information and examine the relationships between exercise components and social anxiety levels. Results: One-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in social anxiety levels across varying physical activity intensities. Specifically, students engaging in high levels of physical activity exhibited the lowest social anxiety. Post hoc analyses identified that exercise frequency F3 (p<0.01), exercise duration D5 (p<0.01), and exercise intensity I3 (p<0.01) were significantly associated with the lowest social anxiety levels. Among these components, regression analysis indicated that exercise duration (p<0.01) had the most substantial impact on social anxiety levels, followed by exercise frequency (p<0.05). In contrast, exercise intensity (p>0.05) did not significantly affect social anxiety levels. Conclusion The most influential factors associated with decreased social anxiety were: 1) moderate to high exercise intensity, 2) exercise duration of at least one hour, and 3) exercise frequency of at least 1–2 times per week. Among these factors, exercise duration and frequency demonstrated significantly stronger associations with reduced social anxiety. Therefore, it is advisable to prioritize exercise duration and frequency in physical activity programs for college students to reduce social anxiety and achieve more substantial outcomes.

Objective:To explore the factors leading to communication disorders in ICU patients during mechanical ventilation from the perspective of both patients and medical staff, and to use the theoretical framework of acceptability to identify the barriers that can be improved by intervention.Methods:Using the method of descriptive phenomenology from July to August 2022, 11 patients with mechanical ventilation and 8 medical staff in the comprehensive ICU of a Yuhuangding Hospital in Yantai were selected for interviews by the purpose sampling method, combined with participatory observation. The interviews of patients were conducted off ventilator. With Nvivo12.0 Plus software, the seven-step analysis method of Colaizzi phenomenology was adopted to summarize the theme and the theoretical framework of acceptability was used to identify the obstacle factors that could be improved by intervention.Results:The age of 11 patients was 18-46 years old, the duration of mechanical ventilation was 9.5-312.3 h. The age of 8 medical staff was 26-54 years old, the length of service in ICU was 2-30 years. A total of 14 themes were extracted. For patients: defensive mood, difficulty in presenting information, introverted personality, communication tools are hard to use, emergency treatment conflict, deny the ability to communicate, thought slowness. For medical staff: defensive mood, cognitive load, high time cost, lack of humane communication strategies, poor training, other priorities, loss of confidence in effective communication, awareness of the importance of communication was not enough.Conclusions:There are many factors that can be improved for patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU. It is suggested to speed up the research and development of high-tech and personalized alternative communication tools in China, reduce negative communication between doctors and patients and nurses and patients, and implement evidence-based multi-mode and progressive communication intervention strategies.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ixazomib-based therapy for multiple myeloma.Methods:The data of 32 patients with multiple myeloma treated with isazomib-based regimen in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from December 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among 32 patients, 17 cases were relapsed/refractory, and the remaining 15 cases had initial treatment. The treatment regimens included ID (isazomib + dexamethasone), IRD (isazomib + lenalidomide + dexamethasone) and ICD (isazomib + cyclophosphamide + dexamethasone). The short-term curative effect and adverse reactions of relapsed/refractory patients and patients at initial onset were analyzed.Results:The overall response rate (ORR) of relapsed/refractory patients was 52.9% (9/17), of which 6 cases achieved complete remission (CR), 2 cases achieved very good partial remission (VGPR) and 1 case achieved partial remission (PR). The ORR of refractory patients receiving bortezomib therapy was 40.0% (4/10). The ORR of patients at initial onset who could be evaluated the curative effect was 100.0% (14/14), including 9 cases of CR, 2 cases of VGPR and 3 cases of PR. After treatment, 2 patients (6.2%) had grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ adverse events (1 case of herpes zoster and 1 case of thrombocytopenia), and none of the patients had grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ peripheral neuropathy.Conclusion:Isazomib is effective and safe in the treatment of initially treated and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

ObjectiveTo obtain content characteristics of inorganic elements in Scutellariae Radix （aged 1-4 years）， and to explore the feasibility of identifying the growth years of Scutellariae Radix based on characteristic spectrum of inorganic elements combined with chemometric models. MethodAfter microwave digestion， the contents of Mn， Zn， Ca， Fe， Mg， Na， K， Cr， Cu， Se， As， Cd， Hg， Pb and Ni in 21 batches of Scutellariae Radix were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-OES） and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. Meanwhile， characteristic spectrum of inorganic elements in samples was drawn. The identification model was constructed to discriminate the growth years of Scutellariae Radix based on the combination of principal component analysis （PCA）， Fisher discriminant function and support vector machine （SVM）. ResultThe contents of Mn （7.79-36.48 μg·g^-1）， Zn （10.12-31.43 μg·g^-1）， Cu （6.38-17.20 μg·g^-1）， K （2.98-13.89 μg·g^-1）， Mg （3.45-7.78 μg·g^-1） and Ca （2.32-7.09 μg·g^-1） in Scutellariae Radix were detected by ICP-OES and ICP-MS， and their contents increased with the prolongation of growth years. PCA results showed that Cu， Ni， Cd， Na， Mg， Fe， Ca， Zn， Mn and Hg were characteristic elements of Scutellariae Radix. Samples with different years could be divided into four categories in the spatial characteristic diagram of Fisher discriminant analysis. The correct rate of SVM model for identifying the growth years of samples was 95.2%. ConclusionThis established method is accurate and rapid for discriminating the growth years of Scutellariae Radix， which can provide reference for the identification of other Chinese medicinal materials. It is suggested that some elements should be considered as indexes in subsequent construction of the quality evaluation system of Scutellariae Radix.

Objective and MethodChemical components in four varieties of Moringa Folium （MF）； traditional Indian YD， modified species of Indian species PKM1， modified species of PKM1 species PKM2， and red river No.1 variety HH） were qualitatively analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） and gas chromatography mass spectrometry（GC-MS）， and potential mechanism and material basis of MF in the treatment of constipation were revealed based on network pharmacology. ResultData of accurate relative molecular mass and fragment ions in primary and secondary mass spectra in both positive and negative ion modes were acquired by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS， and then 20 nonvolatile components were identified from the four varieties by comparison with references and consulting literature reports. Nineteen volatile components were identified by comparing mass spectrometry information and that in NIST （version 1.7） based on GC-MS， and 674 chemical component targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and SEA after integration and duplicate elimination. A total of 1 086 constipation-related targets were predicted using GeneCards. With Venny， 88 intersection targets were obtained by mapping chemical component targets and disease targets and venny diagram was drawn. STRING and Cytoscape were used to plot protein-protein interaction（PPI） network diagram. Gene ontology（GO） function analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） pathway analysis were completed through Metascape， which indicated that MF treated constipation mainly via thyroid hormone signaling pathway， advanced glycation end products/receptor for advanced glycation end products（AGE/RAGE） signaling pathway， and cancer signaling pathway. Additionally， the "component-target-pathway" map was plotted by Cytoscape， which predicted that the key components of MF in the treatment of constipation were adenosine， astragalin， geranylacetone， 2-methyloctan-3-one， palmitic acid and oleamide. Also， we inferred that the core targets might be prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2（PTGS2）， tumor necrosis factor（TNF）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 1（MAPK1）， alpha 2A adrenergic receptor（ADRA2A）， and interleukin （IL）-6， which distributed in multiple tissues such as colon， small intestine， and rectum. ConclusionThis study clarified the volatile and non-volatile divisions in four varieties of MF comprehensively， and explained that MF treated constipation by reducing inflammatory state and promoting intestinal movement and secretion of intestinal fluid， which provided reference for further quality evaluation and clinical research of MF.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) cascade is an effective therapeutic target for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Targeting PD-L1/PD-1 axis by small-molecule drug is an attractive approach to enhance antitumor immunity. Using flow cytometry-based assay, we identify tubeimoside-1 (TBM-1) as a promising antitumor immune modulator that negatively regulates PD-L1 level. TBM-1 disrupts PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and enhances the cytotoxicity of T cells toward cancer cells through decreasing the abundance of PD-L1. Furthermore, TBM-1 exerts its antitumor effect in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and B16 melanoma tumor xenograft