ObjectiveA qualitative analysis method was established for the composition of Astragali Radix（AR） before and after rice stir-frying. On the basis of systematic characterization of the chemical compositions in AR and stir-fried AR with rice（ARR）， the structures of their major compounds were deduced and identified， and the differential compositions between them were analyzed. MethodsUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was used to detect the samples of AR and ARR in positive and negative ion modes， respectively. The compounds were analyzed and identified through self-constructed databases， literature， and reference standards， etc. And the data were analyzed by chemometrics， in order to screen for the differential components between AR and ARR. ResultsA total of 123 compounds were identified in AR and ARR， including 41 flavonoids， 19 terpenoids， 26 organic acids， 8 amino acids， 5 nucleotides， 5 carbohydrates and 19 other compounds. Among them， there were 95 common components in both， 18 unique components in AR， and 10 unique components in ARR. Principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） results both showed that there were significant differences in the chemical constituents of AR before and after rice stir-frying， and a total of 26 constituents with differences in the content were screened out， including L-canavanine， L-pyroglutamic acid， L-phenylalanine， cis-caffeic acid， and malonylastragaloside Ⅰ. Among them， 19 constituents of ARR were down-regulated and 7 constituents were up-regulated by comparing with AR. ConclusionThis study clarifies that the chemical composition of AR and ARR is mainly composed of flavonoids， terpenoids， and organic acids， and analyzes the components with significant differences in content between the two in combination with chemometrics， and the differential components are dominated by amino acids， organic acids and terpenoids， which can provide reference for the subsequent quality control and material basis research.

Objective To investigate the potential causal relationships between coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)susceptibility,hospitalization and severe case with late-onset myasthenia gravis(LOMG)based on Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods The public data from non-overlapping genome-wide association studies were screened,COVID-19 susceptibility,hospitalization and severe case served as the exposure data,and LOMG as the outcome data.The inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method was mainly adopted to evalu-ate the causal effect,which was supplemented by the methods such as MR-Egger method,weighted median method,weighted model and simple model.The sensitivity analysis was performed.Results The genetically predicted severe case of COVID-19 had the positively causal relationship with LOMG(OR=1.01,95％CI:1.00-1.03,P=0.046).The sensitivity analysis results revealed the study results were steady(P＞0.05).No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found.Conclusion Severe case of COVID-19 may be associated with an increased risk of LOMG.

Objective:To develop an HPLC method with gradient elution for the simultaneous determination of 4 bacteriostatic agents in triamcinolone acetonide econazole cream from the different manufacturers.Methods:The test was performed on a Waters Symmetry C18 column(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm)under gradient elution of metha-nol(A)and methanol-0.02 mol·L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution(B).The flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was 35 ℃.The detection wavelengths were 228 nm and 254 nm.Results:The good separation of the bacteriostatic agents peaks were achieved.The linear ranges of benzoic acid,methyl hydroxybenzoate,ethylparaben and propylparaben fell into 0.010 348-0.155 22 mg·mL-1,0.009 876-0.148145 mg·mL-1,0.010 106-0.151 588 mg·mL-1 and 0.010 259-0.153 882 mg·mL-1 respectively.The av-erage recoveries were 99.68％(RSD=2.35％),100.21％(RSD=1.78％),100.47％(RSD=1.59％)and 100.06％(RSD=1.65％)respectively.The LODs were 3 × 10-5 mg·mL-1,1.67 × 10-5 mg·mL-1,1.67 × 10-5 mg·mL-1 and 1.67 × 10-5 mg·mL-1 respectively.Conclusion:The established method is sensitive and accurate,and has the good separation.It provides the reliable basis for the quality control of triamcinolone ace-tonide econazole cream.

AIM: To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial injury in type 1 diabetes mice and its mechanism. METHODS: Normal C57BL / 6J male mice were randomly divided into normal control group (Control), diabetes cardiomyopathy group (DCM) and dapagliflozin group (DAPA). The model of diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and given maintenance feed. DAPA group was given 10 mg · kg

【Objective】 To carry out serological and molecular biological identification of B (A) subtype, and discuss the rational blood transfusion strategy. 【Methods】 Serological and direct sequencing methods were used to detect serotype and genotype of 7 cases of B (A) subtype, and cross matching was performed by saline medium and anti human globulin card to analyze the red blood cells(RBCs) transfusion strategy. 【Results】 The serology results of blood type of 7 samples were similar, with B(A)04/O01 in 3 cases, B(A)04/O02 in 2 cases and B(A)02/O01 in 2 cases. 7 cases of B (A) subtypes were matched with randomly selected blood donors of type O and B on the major side. 【Conclusion】 B(A) subtypes should be identified by genotyping techniques. Washed RBCs of type B and O can be used for B(A) blood type transfusion.

With the rapid development of the Internet,e-health technology-based interventions provide high-quality supportive care to meet the care needs of family caregivers of cancer patients,thereby improving the physical and mental health of family caregivers.This article aims to summarize the concept of e-health technology,its current applications,intervention content,and effects among family caregivers of cancer patients.Additionally,it analyzes the shortcomings in the current stage of research and applications,with the goal of providing insights for promoting the utilization of e-health technology in the context of family caregivers of cancer patients.

【Objective】 To analyze and master the serological and genetic characteristics of the samples with CisAB subtype and their genetic background. 【Methods】 From January 2018 to January 2022, blood samples with discrepant ABO blood typing results, from Zhengzhou voluntary blood donors and hospital patients, were subjected to phenotypic classification using micro column gel card and tube method, as well as amplification of exons 6 and 7 in ABO gene using PCR. The pedigrees of individuals with the same CisAB subtype but different serological typing results in the same family were analyzed. 【Results】 11 The forward typing of 12 samples was AB type, and unexpected antibodies against weaker antigens were found in 11 serum samples, including 9 cases with strong antigen A, 2 cases with strong antigen B, and 1 case with consistent forward and reverse typing results. Gene sequencing confirmed that 11 cases were CisAB01 subtype and 1 case was CisAB05 subtype.Among them, 7 cases had the genotype of CisAB01/O and serological phenotype of A2B3; 2 cases had the genotype of CisAB01/B and phenotype of A2B; 2 cases had the genotype of CisAB01/A and serological phenotype of A1Bx and A1B3; 1 case had the phenotype of AxB. In the CisAB01 family, 1 case of CisAB01/O with A2B3 phenotype and 1 case of CisAB01/B with A2B phenotype were detected. In the CisAB05 family, 2 CisAB05/O01 and 1 CisAB05/O02 were detected. 【Conclusion】 The serological phenotypes of different individuals in the same CisAB01 family can be different when paired with different ABO alleles. It is advisable to accurately identify the CisAB subtype genes with molecular biological methods to ensure blood transfusion safety.

Tumor recurrence and metastasis is the leading cause of mortality for postoperative breast cancer patients. However, chemotherapy intervention after surgery is often unsatisfactory, because residual microtumors are difficult to target and require frequent administration. Here, an all-in-one and once-for-all drug depot based on in situ-formed hydrogel was applied to fit the irregular surgical trauma, and enable direct contact with residual tumors and sustained drug release. Our immunological analysis after resection of orthotopic breast tumor revealed that postsurgical activation of CXCR4-CXCL12 signal exacerbated the immunosuppression and correlated with adaptive upregulation of PD-L1 in recurrent tumors. Thus, a multifunctional hydrogel toolkit was developed integrating strategies of CXCR4 inhibition, immunogenicity activation and PD-L1 blockade. Our results showed that the hydrogel toolkit not only exerted local effect on inhibiting residual tumor cell "seeds" but also resulted in abscopal effect on disturbing pre-metastatic "soil". Furthermore, vaccine-like effect and durable antitumor memory were generated, which resisted a secondary tumor rechallenge in 100% cured mice. Strikingly, one single dose of such modality was able to eradicate recurrent tumors, completely prevent pulmonary metastasis and minimize off-target toxicity, thus providing an effective option for postoperative intervention.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by the malfunction of pancreatic β cells. Susceptibility and pathogenesis of T2D can be affected by multiple factors, including sex differences. However, the mechanisms underlying sex differences in T2D susceptibility and pathogenesis remain unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we demonstrate the presence of sexually dimorphic transcriptomes in mouse β cells. Using a high-fat diet-induced T2D mouse model, we identified sex-dependent T2D altered genes, suggesting sex-based differences in the pathological mechanisms of T2D. Furthermore, based on islet transplantation experiments, we found that compared to mice with sex-matched islet transplants, sex-mismatched islet transplants in healthy mice showed down-regulation of genes involved in the longevity regulating pathway of β cells. Moreover, the diabetic mice with sex-mismatched islet transplants showed impaired glucose tolerance. These data suggest sexual dimorphism in T2D pathogenicity, indicating that sex should be considered when treating T2D. We hope that our findings could provide new insights for the development of precision medicine in T2D.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) has been considered as a huge challenge to the effective chemotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new strategies to effectively overcome MDR. Here, based on the previous research of -(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) polymer-drug conjugates, we designed an effective system that combined drug-efflux circumvention and mitochondria targeting of anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox). Briefly, Dox was modified with mitochondrial membrane penetrating peptide (MPP) and then attached to (HPMA) copolymers (P-M-Dox). Our study showed that macromolecular HPMA copolymers successfully bypassed drug efflux pumps and escorted Dox into resistant MCF-7/ADR cells endocytic pathway. Subsequently, the mitochondria accumulation of drugs was significantly enhanced with 11.6-fold increase by MPP modification. The excellent mitochondria targeting then resulted in significant enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reduction of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, which could further inhibit drug efflux and resistant cancer cell growth. By reversing Dox resistance, P-M-Dox achieved much better suppression in the growth of 3D MCF-7/ADR tumor spheroids compared with free Dox. Hence, our study provides a promising approach to treat drug-resistant cancer through simultaneous drug efflux circumvention and direct mitochondria delivery.