[Objective] To analyze the infection status of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among blood donors in Zhengzhou, so as to provide data support for formulating local blood screening strategies. [Methods] Random samples from blood donors from January to December 2022 were tested for HEV RNA using PCR technology. Reactive samples were sequenced for gene analysis, and the donors were followed up. [Results] Among 21 311 samples, 3(0.14‰) were reactive for HEV RNA, all of whom were male. Genetic sequencing results revealed that one strong positive sample was genotype 4, while sequencing failed for the other two due to low viral load. A follow-up of 25 strong positive donors showed that ALT significantly increased on day 7 after donation, anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG turned positive. On day 21, ALT returned to normal, and on day 35, HEV RNA turned negative. Notably, anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG persisted until day 482. [Conclusion] There is HEV infection among blood donors in Zhengzhou, and it is necessary to expand the screening scope to comprehensively explore the prevalence and genotype distribution of HEV among blood donors.

ObjectiveBy exploring the influencing factors of readmission in patients with stable angina of coronary heart disease （CHD） based on real-world clinical data， to establish a risk prediction model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine， in order to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk populations and reducing readmission rates. MethodsA prospective clinical study was conducted involving patients with stable angina pectoris of CHD， who were divided into a training set and a validation set at a 7∶3 ratio. General information， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）-related data， and laboratory test results were uniformly collected. After a one-year follow-up， patients were classified into a readmission group and a non-readmission group based on whether they were readmitted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for readmission. A risk prediction model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was constructed and visualized using a nomogram. The model was validated and evaluated in terms of discrimination， calibration， and clinical decision curve analysis. ResultsA total of 682 patients were included， with 477 in the training set and 205 in the validation set， among whom 89 patients were readmitted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified heart failure history ［OR = 6.93， 95% CI （1.58， 30.45）］， wiry pulse ［OR = 2.58， 95% CI （1.42， 4.72）］， weak pulse ［OR = 3.97， 95% CI （2.06， 7.67）］， teeth-marked tongue ［OR = 4.38， 95% CI （2.32， 8.27）］， blood stasis constitution ［OR = 2.17， 95% CI （1.06， 4.44）］， phlegm-stasis mutual syndrome ［OR = 3.64， 95% CI （1.87， 7.09）］， and elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ［OR = 1.30， 95% CI （1.01， 1.69）］ as influencing factors of readmission. These factors were used as predictors to construct a nomogram-based risk prediction model for readmission in patients with stable angina. The model demonstrated moderate predictive capability， with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） of 0.818 ［95% CI （0.781， 0.852）］ in the training set and 0.816 ［95% CI （0.779， 0.850）］ in the validation set. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed good calibration （χ² = 4.55， P = 0.80）， and the model's predictive ability was stable. When the threshold probability exceeded 5%， the clinical net benefit of using the model to predict readmission risk was significantly higher than intervening in all patients. ConclusionHistory of heart failure， teeth-marked tongue， weak pulse， wiry pulse， phlegm-stasis mutual syndrome， blood stasis constitution， and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are influencing factors for readmission in patients with stable angina of CHD. A clinical prediction model was developed based on these factors， which showed good discrimination， calibration， and clinical utility， providing a scientific basis for predicting readmission events in patients with stable angina.

Objective To assess the safety of paliperidone palmitate(PP)injection versus other antipsychotic drugs long-acting injections(LAIs)in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,PsycINFO,CNKI,SinoMed,VIP and WanFang Data databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on PP injection versus other antipsychotic drugs LAIs in the treatment of schizophrenia from the inception to April 30,2023.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.2 software.Results A total of 12 RCTs involving 4 368 patients were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in clinical efficacy between PP injection treated group and risperidone LAIs treated group(P＞0.05),no significant difference was found for positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)overall score changes between PP injection treated group and other antipsychotic drugs LAIs treated group(P＞0.05).Compared with other antipsychotic LAIs treated groups,PP injection treated group had a significantly higher rate of total withdrawls(RR=1.14,95％CI 1.06 to 1.24,P＜0.01)and the incidence of adverse reactions of abnormal injection site(RR=2.08,95％CI 1.03 to 4.22,P=0.04).Conclusion Current evidence indicates that PP injection didn't show significant difference in efficacy outcomes,while may increase the incidence of some adverse reactions when compared with other antipsychotic drugs LAIs for schizophrenic.However,due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of the included studies,the above conclusions still need to be validated by more high-quality studies.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zhoufei Pingchuan Capsules on the balance of peripheral blood helper T lymphocyte 17 cell/regulatory T lymphocyte cell(Th17/Treg)and related inflammatory factors in peripheral blood of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)with lung-kidney qi deficiency syndrome.Methods Totally 40 COPD patients were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,with 20 cases in each group.Another 20 cases were in the healthy group.The control group was given tiotropium bromide powder inhalation,18 μg/time,1 time/d,inhalation;on the basis of the control group,the study group was given Zhoufei Pingchuan Capsules,3 pills/time,3 times/d,orally.All patients were treated for 8 weeks.The healthy group was not given any intervention.Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),maximum mid-expiratory flow(MMEF),carbon monoxide diffusing capacity/alveolar ventilation(DLCO/VA),arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),COPD assessment test(CAT)score,Th17/Treg ratio,cytokines interleukin(IL)-17,IL-22,IL-10,and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)were compared before and after treatment.Results Compared with before treatment,the lung function indexes(FEV1,FEV1/FVC,MMEF,DLCO/VA),blood gas indexes(PaO2,PaCO2)and CAT score in the study group after treatment were significantly improved(P<0.05).After treatment,the mean values of MMEF,DLCO/VA,PaCO2 and CAT score in the study group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,the levels of Th17,IL-17 and IL-22 in the study group were significantly lower,and the levels of Treg,IL-10 and TGF-β1 were significantly higher(P<0.05).After treatment,there were significant differences in Th17,Treg,IL-17,IL-22,IL-10 and TGF-β1 among the three groups(P<0.01).Further pairwise comparison showed that Th17 ranked in the order of high and low was control group>study group>healthy group,Treg in the order of high and low was healthy group>study group>control group,the levels of IL-17 and IL-22 in the order of high and low were control group>study group>healthy group,and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the order of high and low were healthy group>study group>control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Zhoufei Pingchuan Capsules can improve the lung function,arterial blood gas and symptom score of patients with lung-kidney qi deficiency syndrome in stable stage of COPD.Its mechanism may be related to regulating the balance of Th17/Treg,down-regulating the levels of Th17,IL-17 and IL-22,and up-regulating the levels of Treg,IL-10 and TGF-β1,in order to reduce airway inflammation and regulate immune homeostasis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of secondary prevention of stable angina in patients with coronary heart disease in three regions of China， namely Henan Province， Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， and Tianjin City， and analyze the the influencing factors. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to include patients with stable angina with coronary heart disease in Henan， Tianjin and Xinjiang from August 10， 2020 to March 14， 2021. General information， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome elements， prescriptions and other data of patients were collected， and clinical characteristics， blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose of patients were analyzed； the patients were divided into groups according to whether their blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose were up to standard. With the most common syndrome element as the main variable， region， age and gender as covariables， Logistic regression equation was incorporated to analyze the influencing factors for the patients' blood pressure， blood lipid and blood glucose being up to standard. ResultsA total of 1061 coronary heart disease patients with stable angina were included， including 658 in Henan， 210 in Xinjiang， and 193 in Tianjin. The clinical characteristics of patients in the three regions showed statistical different in age， sex， disease course， complication， blood pressure， blood lipid， blood glucose， smoking， drinking， living habits， and medication treatment （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. For the included patients， qi deficiency （79.55%， 844/1061） and blood stasis （39.96%， 424/1061） were the main syndrome elements. The overall compliance rate of blood pressure was 48.89% （506/1035）， blood lipids 12.68% （133/1049） and blood glucose 48.18% （504/1046）. Qi deficiency was the independent factor affecting the blood pressure of coronary heart disease patients with stable angina combined with hypertension （P = 0.029，95%CI ［1.048， 2.369］）， and the independent factors influencing the blood lipid standard of coronary heart disease patients with stable angina （P = 0.011， 95%CI ［1.133， 2.646］）， but not the independent factors affecting blood glucose standard in coronary heart disease patients with diabetes （P＞0.05）. ConclusionCoronary artery disease patients with stable angina have geographical variability in clinical characteristics and distribution of TCM syndrome elements， and the overall control of blood pressure， blood lipids， and blood glucose is poor， and qi deficiency syndrome is an independent risk factor affecting the control of blood pressure and blood lipids.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect and safety of Jiuxin Pill （救心丸） on exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with stable angina pectoris （SAP）. MethodsA randomised， double-blind， placebo-controlled， multicentre study design was used to enroll 170 patients of SAP from nine centres， which were divided into 85 patients each in the trial group and control group with 1∶1 ratio. Both groups maintained the original western medicine treatment plan， and added Jiuxin Pill or placebo respectively， 2 pills （0.05 g） each time twicely for 28 days. The main outcomes were total exercise time （TED） in the exercise treadmill test and Seattle Angina Questionnaire （SAQ） scores including physical limitation （PL）， angina stability （AS）， angina frequency （AF）， treatment satisfaction （TS）， and disease perception （DP）. The secondary outcomes were exercise treadmill test indicators including heart rate recovery in 1 min （HRR1）， metabolic equivalents （METs）， maximum magnitude of ST-segment depression， and the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale， the average number of angina attacks per week， withdrawal and reduction rate of nitroglycerin， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. Safety indicators were evaluated and the occurrence of adverse events during the trial was recorded. Data was collected before treatment， day 28±2 in treatment period， and follow-up at day 56 which is 28±2 days after treatment period finished. ResultsEighty-four and eighty-five patients respectively from trial group and control group were included to the full analysis set （FAS） and safety analysis set （SS）. Compared with the group before treatment and with the control group after treatment， the trial group had higher TED， HRR1， and METs， and lower maximum magnitude of ST-segment depression and Borg rating of perceived exertion scores after treatment （P＜0.01）. Compared with the group before treatment and with the control group after treatment and at follow-up， the total SAQ score and scores of AS， AF， TS and DP of the trial group after treatment and at follow-up elevated， while the average number of angina attacks per week and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores reduced （P＜0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in the withdrawal and reduction rate of nitroglycerin between groups （P＞0.05）. Major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 1 case （1/84， 1.19%） in the trial group and 1 case （1/85， 1.18%） in the control group， and the difference between groups was not statistically significant （P＞0.05）. A total of 3 cases of adverse events occurred in the trial group （3/84， 3.57%）， and a total of 6 cases of adverse events occurred in the control group （6/85， 7.06%）， and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between groups （P＞0.05）. ConclusionIn the treatment of SAP， Jiuxin Pill combined with conventional western medicine can further enhance exercise tolerance， improve quality of life， and demonstrate great safety.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of TCM health management based on tertiary management system for patients with myocardial infarction （MI）. MethodsA total of 277 patients with non-acute MI were enrolled and given comprehensive TCM health management strategies including health education， lifestyle adjustment， risk factors control， medication and TCM appropriate techniques management through a tertiary management system with "the patient as the core， village/community physicians as the main executive body， and tertiary TCM hospital specialists as the leading body"， for a period of 12 months by using a prospective single-arm cohort study. Through patient reporting and medical records surveys， various indicators before and after 12-month management were collected and compared. The primary efficacy indicators were readmission rate and recurrent exacerbation rate， and the secondary efficacy indicators included disease awareness-related indicators， lifestyle behavior-related indicators， cardiovascular risk factor-related indicators and Canadian cardiovascular society （CCS） cardiac function classification. ResultsA total of 255 patients completed the study and were included in the final analysis. The recurrent exacerbation and readmission rates of patients after management were 23.14% （59 cases） and 20.25% （49 cases）， respectively， significantly lower than 36.08% （92 cases） and 53.72% （130 cases） before management （P＜0.05）. Except for knowledge on diabetes diagnostic criteria with no significant difference before and after management （P＞0.05）， awareness of other knowledge with regard to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were improved after management （P＜0.01）， as well as the total score （P＜0.01）. In terms of daily life behaviors， the rates of salty diet， sweet diet and greasy diet were significantly lower than baseline， while the rate of moderate exercise was significantly higher （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the rates of ongoing smoking and vigorous exercise were not significantly changed （P＞0.05）. For cardiovascular risk factors， patients' total cholesterol， low-density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol， triglycerides， fasting glucose， total depression assessment scale score， and total anxiety assessment scale score were significantly reduced after management （P＜0.01）. Systolic blood pressure and body mass index （BMI） were both higher after management （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and there was no statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure （P＞0.05）. In terms of the cardiovascular disease risk factors reaching the standard levels， the rate of LDL cholesterol ＜1.8 mmol/L significantly increased （P＜0.01）， while the rate of BMI ＜24 kg/m² and the rate of systolic blood pressure ＜140 mmHg both decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01） from baseline； the diastolic blood pressure and rate of fasting glucose ＜7.0 mmol/L were not significantly changed （P＞0.05）. The patients' CCS cardiac function classification was significantly reduced （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTCM health management based on the tertiary management system can enhance MI patients' awareness of the disease， change poor lifestyle habits， reduce risk factors such as blood lipids and blood glucose， improve anxiety and depression， increase activity tolerance， and reduce their recurrence exacerbation and readmission rates， which is worthy of clinical promotion.

The incidence of psycho-cardiological diseases， i.e.， cardiovascular diseases combined with psychological disorders， is increasing year by year. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） plays a role in the pathogenesis of such diseases. According to the theory of collateral diseases， our team innovates the concept of regulating mental activity by dredging collaterals in the treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases and summarizes the concepts of "heart of Qi and collaterals" and "heart of vessels and collaterals". We believe that obstructed collaterals and disturbed mental activity run through the whole course of psycho-cardiological diseases， being the core pathogenesis. BDNF closely related to the core pathogenesis can regulate nerve and vascular inflammation， alleviate oxidative stress， and mediate a variety of signaling pathways， thereby promoting the survival and repair of nerve cells and vascular endothelial cells to regulate emotion and protect the heart. Therefore， BDNF is one of the potential biomarkers for clinical treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases. Collateral obstruction caused by blood stasis is specifically manifested as collateral deficiency， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation in collaterals. It can easily lead to inflammation， free radical generation， and antioxidant system changes in the patients with psycho-cardiological diseases， which can cause oxidative stress damage， affect the BDNF level， and result in mental disorders， such as anxiety and depression. Disturbed mental activity is mainly caused by the disturbance in the heart of Qi and collaterals， which is specifically manifested as the disturbance of the mind and liver soul. It is prone to cause anxiety or depression symptoms， which is closely related to the BDNF-mediated abnormal activation of neural circuits， nerve injury， and inflammation. This article elaborates on the theoretical connotation and pathological mechanism of regulating mental activity by dredging collaterals in the treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases from the perspective of BDNF， aiming to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of psycho-cardiological diseases and collateral diseases.

Objective:To conduct a retrospective study on the treatment outcomes of patients who underwent artificial temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement surgery and to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial TMJ treatment.Methods:This study selected 62 patients who received standard Biomet artificial TMJ treatment at Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from May 2010 to September 2023 as the study subjects. Among them, there were 15 male patients and 47 female patients. The average age was 33.5 years old(ranging from 18 to 67 years). This study statistically analyzed postoperative indicators, including maximum mouth opening, forward jaw movement, lateral movement, postoperative pain scores, and patient satisfaction.Results:This study included a total of 62 patients with 99 TMJ joints. No infections occurred postoperatively. The average follow-up period was 33.7 months (ranging from 7 to 170 months). At 6 months postoperatively, the mean mouth opening was (36.1±6.2) mm, lateral movement was (2.1±0.9) mm, and forward jaw movement was (1.0±0.9) mm. The pain visual analog scale score at 6 months postoperatively was (2.8±0.6), and patient satisfaction with the surgery was (8.8±1.1). Spiral CT scans conducted after surgery showed no joint dislocation or migration, and the artificial joint remained stable during the follow-up period.Conclusions:Artificial TMJ replacement is a valuable method for effectively restoring TMJ structure and essential functions related to mouth opening and chewing. It is worthy of promotion as a reconstructive approach for the temporomandibular joint

Objective:To examine the prevalence and trends of male urogenital system tumors in China from 1990 to 2019.Methods:The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database was used to analyze the incidence and mortality of male urogenital tumors among different age groups and years in China. Joinpoint 5.2.0 software was utilized to analyze the incidence and mortality trends of male urogenital tumors in China from 1990 to 2019. Standardized incidence and mortality rates of male urogenital system tumors in China, in the world and in different sociodemographic index (SDI) regions were compared.Results:In 2019, the rank of incidence of male urogenital system tumors in China from high to low was prostate cancer (21.17/100 000), bladder cancer (11.41/100 000), kidney cancer (5.87/100 000) and testicular cancer (2.37/100 000). The rank of mortality was consistent with the rank of incidence, which was prostate cancer (7.50/100 000), bladder cancer (4.35/100 000), kidney cancer (2.33/100 000) and testicular cancer (0.17/100 000). The ranks of incidence and mortality of male urogenital tumors in China in 1990 were the same as those in 2019. In 2019, prostate cancer cases began to appear in the 20-year-old age group, bladder cancer cases in the 15-year-old age group, while kidney cancer and testicular cancer cases began to emerge in the 1-4-year-old age group. Before the age of 55, the incidence and mortality rates of four types of tumors in the male urogenital system did not differ significantly. After the age of 55, the incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer surpassed those of kidney cancer, bladder cancer and testicular cancer. The incidence rate of male urogenital tumors in 2019 was higher in all age groups than in 1990. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, mortality and standardized incidence rates of prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer and testicular cancer all showed increasing trends. The standardized mortality rate of kidney cancer showed an upward trend, while prostate cancer exhibited a downward trend. Compared with global averages, the standardized incidence and mortality rates of male urogenital system tumors in China were lower in 1990 and 2019. Compared with different SDI regions, the standardized incidence and mortality rates of male kidney cancer, testicular cancer and bladder cancer in China in 1990 and 2019 were similar to those in moderate and low SDI regions. The standardized incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer in 1990 and 2019 were lower in China than in different SDI regions.Conclusion:In 1990 and 2019, the incidence and mortality ranks of male urogenital tumors in China are the same, with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer and testicular cancer in order from high to low. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, mortality and standardized incidence rates of male urogenital system tumors in China show increasing trends. In 1990 and 2019, compared with the global average, the standardized incidence and mortality rates of male urogenital system tumors in China are lower.