Objective To observe the clinical effects on prevention of alveolar bone absorption by site preservation after tooth extraction due to periodontitis.Methods The experimental group consisted of 40 patients with 45 extracted teeth due to periodontitis.The fresh sockets were immediately grafted and filled with Bio-oss collagen and Bio-Gide after minimally invasive tooth extraction,while 40 teeth of control group were only treated with cotton balls bitten tightly over the socket for half an hour.Two groups were observed for changes in alveolar bone density by X-ray and cone beam CT (CBCT)after 6 months.Results There were the wound healing and no infection in extraction site of all patients with or without site preservation operation.The gingiva of extraction site was pink and tough in all groups.The alveolar bone loss in regular extraction patients significantly increased in horizontal and vertical aspects by X-ray and CBCT,while site preservation improved the alveolar bone defects (P<0.05).After site preservation for 6 months,CBCT analysis showed that the density of new alveolar bone markedly enhanced compared with regular extraction group.Conclusion The technique of site preservation after tooth extraction due to periodontitis is a method which can prevent and reduce disuse atrophy absorption of the alveolar ridge so that the height and width of the alveolar bone can meet aesthetic requirements.

Objective To compare the dissolution of Chuangxiong powder in different medium and discuss the dissolution characteristics in vitro of Changxiong powder. Methods The paddle method was adopted, the UV spectrophotometric method was developed to determine the in vitro dissolution quantity of Changxiong powder in five medium (water, 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid, acetate buffer of pH 4.5, phosphate buffer of pH 6.8, phosphate buffer of pH 7.4) with ferulic acid as index, and evaluated by drawing the dissolution curve and using the similar factor method and Weibull model. Results The dissolution quantity of Changxiong oral powder in five medium was different. The dissolution quantity in water, 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid, acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 was similar and fit Weibull model, but it mutated in phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 and reached the maximum amount at 30 min. Conclusion The dissolution quantity of Changxiong powder is gradually increasing and the time is shorted in the medium from acidic to neutral then to alkaline. Dissolution curve is similar in the acidic and neutral medium. Changxiong powder dissolves out fast and completely in the alkaline medium.

This study was aimed to determine the solubility an d oil-water partition coefficient of main active com-ponents in Ge-Gen Qin-Lian (GGQL) Tablets (puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride) in phosphate buffer solution of different pH values and under the background of many components. Solubility of puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride in different medium pH, and oil-water partition coefficient of the octanol-water and oc-tanol-buffer system were determined by HPLC method. The results showed that the solubility and oil-water partition coefficient of puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride were varied with the change of pH, and varied under the background of components. At pH 7.4, the solubility was the biggest;puerarin was 7.56 mg·mL-1;baicalin was 17.07 mg·mL-1; berberine hydrochloride was 3.57 mg·mL-1. Oil-water partition coefficient P of these components at pH 1.0 was bigger;puerarin was 0.420 (lgP=-0.38);baicalin was 10.783 (lgP=1.03);berberine hydrochloride was 0.267 (lgP=-0.57). It was concluded that lipid solubility of puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride at pH 1.0 was better. It was speculated that better absorption in the stomach, and low lipid solubility under other pH. It was speculated that lipid solubility may be one of the reasons affecting the intestinal absorption.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical characteristics and early diagnosis and treatment of relapsing polychondritis(RP). METHOD: Twenty-six RP patients received the therapies of antibiotics, glucocorticosteroid, immunosuppressive agent,tracheotomy, tracheal sent implantation or non-invasive ventilation. RESULT: Twenty-six cases (88.5%) had auricle involvement, 20 cases (76.9%) had respiratory tract involvement, 18 cases (69.2%) had joints involvement, 10 cases (38.5%) had nose involvement, 6 cases (23.1%) had eyes involvement, 4 cases (15.4%) had cochlea and (or) vestibular involvement. Some patients with cardiac, vascular, kidney damage as well. One case died of severe pulmonary infection. One case died of respiratory failure. The symptoms of other 24 cases were stable or improved in different degrees. CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations are diverse in RP patients, mainly in department of Otolaryngology, the prognoses of patients with airway involvement are worse, and it may improve the curative effect by an early diagnosis and a timely treatment.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polychondritis, Relapsing ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Stents ; Tracheotomy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effects of H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP) on endothelial function by endothelium dependent flow-mediated dilation(FMD) in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Forty-five healthy subjects and 49 patients with moderately to severe OSAHS who desired H-UPPP were prospectively enrolled. FMD was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. All subjects participated in sleep studies. These studies were repeated 6 months after H-UPPP in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS. RESULT: There was significant difference in FMD between patients with moderately to severe OSAHS and healthy subjects at baseline (6.5 +/- 2.1)% vs (11.2 +/- 3.1)% (P < 0.01). FMD increased from (6.5 +/- 2.1)% to (9.7 +/- 2.7)% 6 months after H-UPPP in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION FMD is decreased in patients with moderately to severe OSAHS, H-UPPP treatment of these patients leads to improvement of FMD.
Case-Control Studies ; Endothelium, Vascular ; physiology ; Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; physiology ; surgery ; Polysomnography ; Prospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency between two treatments of sudden hearing loss. METHOD: All patients were divided into two groups randomly, basic drug group was treated with ganglioside and vinpocetine injection, combined therapy group was treated with intratympanic dexamethasone and what was used in basic drug group. RESULT: The effective rate of combined therapy group (73.53%) was significantly higher than that of basic drug group (37.78%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The comprehensive therapy of intratympanic dexamethasone injection, ganglioside and vinpocetine injection have excellent efficiency for sudden hearing loss.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Ear, Middle ; Female ; Gangliosides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vinca Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The method of three-dimensional reconstruction of CT images is adopted to evaluate the effects of the plastic operation on upper respiratory tract at one-stage (stage one) for patients with multi-level obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. METHOD: Polysomnography is used to diagnose patients with OSAHS. The obstruction parts of patients with OSAHS are determined by CT and endoscopy examinations in the upper air way. To reconstruct the tri-dimensional cavity of upper respiratory tract from data, the CT examinations on the sinuses and nasopharynx are rescanned to obtain the CT data after surgery. The changed situations before and after surgery are compared, and the narrow parts of the upper respiratory tract can be identified and measured intuitively. RESULT: Symptoms and PSG test results show that the effects of the surgical results are very good. and the cross sections of upper respiratory tract narrow parts were enlarged by more than 100%. Hydromechanical evidence approved the same results. CONCLUSION Calculating the increment of the cross sections of the upper respiratory tract through tri-dimensional reconstruction can not only find the preoperative stenosis, but also assess the surgical effects objectively. Since the body of endoscope has a certain volume, surface anesthesia is needed to enter the nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal which will impact the objectivity of the assessment of the upper respiratory tract stenosis.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore an useful and practical method for three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear microstructure. METHOD: A digital image dataset of magnified forty times of human cochlear tissue can be get from the serial sections of transverse cedukol images of male cadavers temporal bone. Photoshop 6.0 and Amira 3.0 software were used to deal with the digital image dataset, such as image-connecting and image inner-location and three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear and scala media. RESULT: The result of three-dimensional reconstruction of the cedukol images represents the anatomy of human cochlear and scala media transparently and objectively. CONCLUSION The three-dimensional reconstruction technique used in the study is practical for three-dimensional of inner ear microstructure.
Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; Ear, Inner ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Microtomy ; methods ; Software

OBJECTIVE: To study the dexamethasone pharmacokinetics of human inner ear perilymph under different drug administration using computer simulations. METHOD: The dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in guinea pigs inner ear perilymph under an intratympanic application with high-performance liquid chromatography. Dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in the guinea pigs cochlear fluid were simulated with a computer model, the Washington University Cochlear Fluids Simulator, version 1.6 and the best Simulations parameters to the experimental data could be obtain. With best Simulations parameters based on the experimental data, seven kinds application protocols were designed for human inner ear perilymph. RESULT: After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5% dexamethasone 150 ml in guinea pigs, the T(1/2K) was (2.918 +/- 0.089) h, and Cmax was (231.25 +/- 6.89) microg/L. The best Simulations parameters were that concentration of the dexamethasone 21-Phosphate disodium salt was 0.5% and the formula weight was 516, as well as drug diffusion coefficient was 0.6939 x 10(-5) cm2/s and round window permeability was 2.2 x 10(-11) cm/s while drug clearance half time was 175 minutes and scala tympaniscala vestibuli communication was 45 minutes. After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5% dexamethasone 500 mL, which the applied drug stayed in contact with the round window membrane for 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes, the Cmax was 32.8, 64.3, 122.6 and 203.3 microg/L and the AUC was 116.5, 229.1, 423.6 and 759.2 microg/(h x L), respectively. After an intratympanic application dose of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% dexamethasone 500 ml, which the applied drug stayed in contact with the round window membrane for 30 minutes respectively, the Cmax was 64.3, 127.3, 255.4 and 575.6 microg/L respectively and the AUC was 229.1, 462.8, 920.59 and 1525.2 microg/(h x L), respectively. CONCLUSION The dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in human inner ear perilymph by computer simulations was reported. As the time contact with the round window membrane increased, the inner ear perilymph concentration of dexamethasone increased. As the concentration of dexamethasone increased, the inner ear perilymph concentration of drug increased.
Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacokinetics ; Ear, Inner ; metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Perilymph ; metabolism ; Round Window, Ear ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on proliferation and apoptosis of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its associated mechanism. METHOD: Methabenzthiazuron (MTT) was used to observe the proliferation of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells treated with various concentrations of VPA at different times. Flow cytometry(FCM) and RT-PCR were used to measure the apoptosis rate and the expression of Survivin mRNA in the Hep-2 cells treated with VPA at 3 mmol/L for different times. RESULT: VPA inhibited growth of Hep-2 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). The apoptosis rate increased after the treatment by VPA at 3 mmol/L. There were significant differences between different time groups (P < 0.01). The expression of Survivin mRNA of Hep-2 cells were decreased in a time dependent manner (3 mmol/L) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION VPA have obvious growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, its mechanism is related to decrease the expression of Survivin.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Survivin ; Valproic Acid ; pharmacology