AIM: To evaluate the damage to optic nerve by detecting the morphological and functional changes of optic nerve in patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma.METHODS: The correlation among the positive rates of fundus photography, visual field examination, optical coherence tomography(OCT)scan of the optic nerve, and pattern visual evoked potentials(P-VEP)were analyzed in 28 patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma affecting.RESULTS: Among 28 eyes of 28 patients, optic nerve images were obtained in 25 eyes(89%), optic disc color in 25 eyes: there were 9 normal eyes and 16 eyes with congestion and edema, without pallor; C/D: < 0.6 in 5 eyes, > 0.6 in 1 eye, and indistinguishable in 19 eyes; disk edge: 6 eyes were normal, and 19 eyes could not be distinguished.Optic nerve images could not be obtained in 3 eyes(11%). Visual field examination: 9 eyes(32%)were normal, 2 eyes(7%)had visual field damage, 8 eyes(29%)had no reference value due to cataract visual field examination, 2 eyes(7%)had false positive rate ≥15%, and 7 eyes(25%)could not cooperate with the examination. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness around optic disc was measured by OCT in 26 eyes(93%), of which the thickness of nerve fiber layer was normal in 24 eyes and local thinning in 2 eyes. Severe opacification of refractive stroma could not be measured in 2 eyes(7%). PVEP showed that the peak of P100 was normal in 18 eyes(64%)and prolonged in 10 eyes(36%). The amplitude of P100 wave was normal in 11 eyes(39%)and decreased in 17 eyes(61%).CONCLUSION: After a major acute attack of primary angle-closure glaucoma, the optic nerve does not exhibit typical glaucomatous damage but may present with optic disc congestion and edema. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation combining subjective and objective examination methods is necessary for optic nerve assessment, and currently, no more precise assessment method is available.

This study was to establish a model to explore anti- RSV effect of different administration method of Chinese medicine realgar on respiratory syncytial virus type A (RSV-A) replication in Hep-2 cells. Using high-energy ball milling with distilled water to prepare realgar nanoparticles,the concentration of nanometer realgar was tested by molybdenum blue staining method and the size of realgar nanoparticles was tested on Nano Series. Cell culture with ribavirin as a positive control was applied to observe the effect of anti-respiratory syncytial virus type A replication through prevention, treatment or direct inactivation of three different drug administration methods. Realgar nano-particles was found to be a potential inhibitor of RSV-A in a concentration-dependent manner with the median toxic concentration(TC50) of 0.649 microg/mL in Hep-2 cell culture. The median inhibition concentration (IC50) was 0.20 microg/mL when drug was added before virus infection. The IC50 was 0.13 microg/mL when drug was added after virus infection,and it was 0.16 microg/mL when the drug was mixed with virus and added. The therapeutic index (TI) was 3.18, 4.99 and 4.11, respectively. The results showed realgar nanoparticles could inhibit the replication of the RSV and inactivate the RSV in vitro.
Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Nanoparticles ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; drug effects ; physiology ; Sulfides ; pharmacology ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Objective This study was to establish a model that adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) infected on Hep-2 cell in order to explore anti-adenovirus3 ( HAdV-3 ) effect of Chinese medicine realgar in vitro.Method Use high-energy ball milling with distilled water to prepare realgar nanoparticles.The concentration of nanometer realgar was tested by molybdenum blue staining method and realgar nanoparticles' particle size was tested on Nano Series.The techinique of cell culture with ribavirin as positive control was to observe anti-adenovirus effect through prevention,treatment and direct inactivation of three kinds of drug delivery.Result This drug was found to be a potential inhibitor of HAdV-3 in a concentration-dependent manner with the median toxic concentration ( TC50 ) of 0.649 μg/ml in Hep-2 Cell culture.The median inhibition concentration( IC50 ) was 0.255 μg/ml when drug was added before infection.The IC50 was 0.142 μg/ml when drug was added after virus infection,and it was 0.117 μg/ml as the drug was added after it mixed with virus.The therapeutic index ( TI ) was 2.55,4.57and 5.55 respectively.Conclusion The direct inactivation effect of realgar nanoparticles is the most evident in three drug deliveries manner with the same concentration in vitro.

Capsid ; Cell Line ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; therapy ; Plasmids ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transfection