Purpose: The nutrient intake status of the groups classified by smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity were compared using data from the Eighth (2019) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the relationship of nutrient intake status with heath behavior in adults. Methods: This study analyzed the nutritional intakes of 4,379 people over 19-years old and compared nutrient intake amount (NIA) and density (ND), and ratios of nutrient intake (%DRI) and subjects intaking less (< DRI) compared to the daily dietary reference of the groups divided by health behaviors including smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity status. Results: NIA of dietary fiber, vitamin A, folic acid and vitamin C was lower in smoker groups compared to non-smoker group and ND of those decreased with smoking amount.%DRI of dietary fiber and vitamin C was also lower and < DRI of those higher in smoker group. NIA and ND of dietary fiber and vitamin C, and %DRI also decreased with drinking frequency. NIA of energy, protein, saturated fatty acid, iron, thiamin, and niacin was the highest in overweight group by body mass index (BMI), NIA of fat and sodium increased with obesity by BMI, and only sodium was higher in obese group by waist circumference. Lower consumption of dietary fiber and vitamin C in the groups of higher smoking amount and drinking frequency, and higher consumption of fat and sodium in obese groups imply the dietary problem to be improved. Conclusion This result implies that the nutritional status of the groups of smoking, drinking, or obesity have been improved but more effort is required to sustain the health diet at the same time.

Purpose: The nutrient intake status of the groups classified by smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity were compared using data from the Eighth (2019) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the relationship of nutrient intake status with heath behavior in adults. Methods: This study analyzed the nutritional intakes of 4,379 people over 19-years old and compared nutrient intake amount (NIA) and density (ND), and ratios of nutrient intake (%DRI) and subjects intaking less (< DRI) compared to the daily dietary reference of the groups divided by health behaviors including smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity status. Results: NIA of dietary fiber, vitamin A, folic acid and vitamin C was lower in smoker groups compared to non-smoker group and ND of those decreased with smoking amount.%DRI of dietary fiber and vitamin C was also lower and < DRI of those higher in smoker group. NIA and ND of dietary fiber and vitamin C, and %DRI also decreased with drinking frequency. NIA of energy, protein, saturated fatty acid, iron, thiamin, and niacin was the highest in overweight group by body mass index (BMI), NIA of fat and sodium increased with obesity by BMI, and only sodium was higher in obese group by waist circumference. Lower consumption of dietary fiber and vitamin C in the groups of higher smoking amount and drinking frequency, and higher consumption of fat and sodium in obese groups imply the dietary problem to be improved. Conclusion This result implies that the nutritional status of the groups of smoking, drinking, or obesity have been improved but more effort is required to sustain the health diet at the same time.

Purpose: The nutrient intake status of the groups classified by smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity were compared using data from the Eighth (2019) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the relationship of nutrient intake status with heath behavior in adults. Methods: This study analyzed the nutritional intakes of 4,379 people over 19-years old and compared nutrient intake amount (NIA) and density (ND), and ratios of nutrient intake (%DRI) and subjects intaking less (< DRI) compared to the daily dietary reference of the groups divided by health behaviors including smoking amount, drinking frequency, and obesity status. Results: NIA of dietary fiber, vitamin A, folic acid and vitamin C was lower in smoker groups compared to non-smoker group and ND of those decreased with smoking amount.%DRI of dietary fiber and vitamin C was also lower and < DRI of those higher in smoker group. NIA and ND of dietary fiber and vitamin C, and %DRI also decreased with drinking frequency. NIA of energy, protein, saturated fatty acid, iron, thiamin, and niacin was the highest in overweight group by body mass index (BMI), NIA of fat and sodium increased with obesity by BMI, and only sodium was higher in obese group by waist circumference. Lower consumption of dietary fiber and vitamin C in the groups of higher smoking amount and drinking frequency, and higher consumption of fat and sodium in obese groups imply the dietary problem to be improved. Conclusion This result implies that the nutritional status of the groups of smoking, drinking, or obesity have been improved but more effort is required to sustain the health diet at the same time.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most prevalent inflammatory skin condition, with approximately 80% of cases originating in childhood and some emerging in adulthood. In South Korea, the estimated prevalence of AD ranges between 10% and 20% in children and 1% and 3% in adults. Severe/recalcitrant AD manifests as a chronic, relapsing skin disorder, persisting with uncontrolled symptoms even after topical steroid treatment. Corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppression, conventionally the standard care for difficult-to-treat diseases, cause numerous undesirable side effects. When AD persists despite topical steroid application, systemic therapies like cyclosporine or systemic steroids become the second treatment strategy. The desire for targeted treatments, along with an enhanced understanding of AD’s pathophysiology, has spurred novel therapeutic development. Recent advances introduce novel systemic options, such as biological agents and small-molecule therapy, tailored to treat severe or recalcitrant AD. Notably, dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting interleukin 4 and 13, marked a transformative breakthrough upon gaining approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017, leading to a paradigm shift in the systemic treatment of AD. Furthermore, both dupilumab and Janus kinase inhibitors, including baricitinib, abrocitinib, and tofacitinib, now approved by the Korean FDA, have established their applicability in clinical practice. These innovative therapeutic agents have demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes, effectively addressing moderate to severe AD with fewer side reactions than those associated with previous systemic immunosuppressants. This review summarizes the latest advancements and evidence regarding systemic treatments for AD, including newly approved drugs in Korea.

Background: s/Aims: Reported incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancer is higher in Asians than in Western populations. Korea, in particular, is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the world. Although research and innovative therapeutic modalities for extrahepatic bile duct cancer are emerging, clinical guidelines are currently unavailable in Korea. The Korean Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery in collaboration with related societies (Korean Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery Society, Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology, Korean Society of Medical Oncology, Korean Society of Radiation Oncology, Korean Society of Pathologists, and Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine) decided to establish clinical guideline for extrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2021. Methods: Contents of the guidelines were developed through subgroup meetings for each key question and a preliminary draft was finalized through a Clinical Guidelines Committee workshop. Results: In November 2021, the finalized draft was presented for public scrutiny during a formal hearing. Conclusions The extrahepatic guideline committee believed that this guideline could be helpful in the treatment of patients.