Objective:To investigate the effect of GRIM-19 on the resistance of carcinoma cells to the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel in the treatment of PCa.Methods:Using siRNA technology to interfere with the gene expression in PCa cells,we estab-lished a model of GRIM-19 overexpression/knockdown in PCa cells.We investigated the effect of different expression levels of GRIM-19 on docetaxel-induced death of the PCa cells by qPCR,Western blot and flow cytometry,and assessed the value of GRIM-19 in re-ducing the chemotherapy-resistance of PCa cells.Results:GRIM-19 was down-regulated in PCa tissues and cells.Knockout of GRIM-19 significantly decreased the expression of siGRIM19 in the PC-3 and LNCaP cells,and reduced their death rate when treated with docetaxel compared with the control group.The expressions of GRIM-19 mRNA and protein were remarkably upregulated after transfection with GRIM-19,and the overexpressed GRIM-19 promoted the death of the PC-3 and LNCaP cells treated with docetaxel in a dose-dependent manner.Flow cytometry analysis showed a lower apoptosis rate of PC-3-R cells than that of PC-3 cells at different time points of docetaxel-induction at different doses.Conclusion:GRIM-19 is a PCa suppressor gene with a significant facilitating effect on the apoptosis of PCa cells,and the overexpression of GRIM-19 promotes docetaxel-induced PCa cell death and improves the sensitivity of chemotherapy.

Objective To explore clinical effect of closed reduction percutaneous elastic intramedullary nail assisted by arthrography in the treatment of radial neck fracture in children.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 chil-dren with radial neck fracture treated with arthrography assisted closed reduction and percutaneous elastic intramedullary nail internal fixation(arthrography with elastic nail group)from January 2019 to December 2022,including 12 males and 11 fe-males,aged from 2 to 12 years old with an average of(7.36±1.89)years old;According to Judet fracture types,14 children were type Ⅲ and 9 children were type Ⅳ.In addition,23 children with radial neck fracture were selected from January 2015 to December 2018 who were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous elastic intramedullary nail fixation(elastic nail group),including 11 males and 12 females,aged from 2 to 14 years old with an average of(7.50±1.91)years old;Judet classi-fication included 15 children were type Ⅲ and 8 children were type Ⅳ.Operative time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times were compared between two groups.Metaizeau evaluation criteria was used to evaluate fracture reduction,and Tibone-Stoltz evaluation criteria was used to evaluate functional recovery of elbow between two groups.Results Both groups were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of(16.56±6.34)months.Operative time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times of elastic nail group were(56.64±19.27)min and(21.13±7.87)times,while those of joint angiography with elastic nail group were(40.33±1 1.50)min and(12.10±3.52)times;there were difference between two groups(P＜0.05).According to Metaizeau evaluation,11 patients got excellent result,9 good and 3 fair in joint angiography with elastic nail group,while in elastic nail group,5 ex-cellent,13 good,4 acceptable,and 1 poor;the difference between two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).According to Tibone-Stoltz criteria,14 patients got excellent result,8 good,and 1 fair in joint arthrography with elastic nail group;while in elastic nail group,12 patients got excellent result,9 good,1 fair and 1 poor;there was no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared to percutaneous elastic intramedullary nail fixation,closed reduction assisted by arthrography has advantages of reduced operation time,decreased intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency,and improved fracture reduction.Arthrography enables clear visualization of the anatomical structures of radius,head,neck,bone,and cartilage in children,facilitating comprehensive display of fracture reduction and brachioradial joint alignment.This technique more pre-cisely guides the depth of elastic intramedullary nail implantation in radius neck,thereby enhancing surgical efficiency and success rate.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate the best evidence for prevention of hemodialysis catheter thrombosis, so as to provide evidence-based basis for catheter thrombosis prevention in hemodialysis patients.Methods:Guidelines, clinical decisions, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and expert consensus on the prevention of hemodialysis catheter thrombosis were systematically searched on Guidelines International Network, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, UpToDate, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, European Renal Association, National Kidney Foundation, UK Kidney Association, Canadian Society of Nephrology, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Medlive, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang Data and Chinese Biomedical Database. The search period was from database establishment to March 31, 2023. Investigators conducted quality evaluations separately and extracted and summarized evidence based on the theme.Results:A total of 16 articles were included, including five clinical decisions, four guidelines, two evidence summaries, and five expert consensuses. Finally, 15 best pieces of evidence were formed, including four themes of indwelling dialysis catheters, anticoagulation strategies, flushing and sealing techniques, and daily management.Conclusions:Nursing staff should choose the best evidence for preventing thrombosis in hemodialysis catheters based on clinical situations, reduce the occurrence of catheter thrombosis, extend the usage time of catheters, and improve patient outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of antiretrovirals on cardiovascular function and some biochemical indexes in gestational female rats. Methods: Nineteen 9-week-old female and six 10-week-old male SD rats were divided into normal control group (CON) and highly active antiretroviral therapy group (HARRT), 9/10 female rats and 3 male rats were combined into one cage, totally 2 cages. Female rats in CON group were intragastrically given with normal saline (NS, 10 ml/kg) every morning and evening, while female rats in HARRT group were treated with equal volume antiretrovirals (AZT 31.25 mg/kg + 3TC 15.63 mg/kg + LPV/r (41.67/10.42) mg/kg) for 3 months. The body weight and survival rate of female rats were recorded. Echocardiography and multichannel physiological recorder were used to detect arterial blood pressure and cardiac hemodynamic parameters. The levels of blood glucose, blood lipids, myocardial enzymes and liver enzymes were detected by corresponding kits. Myocardial collagen fibers were observed by Masson staining and the ultrastructure of myocardial cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results: All female rats in CON group survived (9/9), while only 6 rats in HARRT group survived (6/10). Compared with CON group, the body weight of female rats in HAART group was decreased significantly(P＜0.01); the levels of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), thickness of left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWT) , left atrial diameter (LAD) and arterial diastolic pressure were increased significantly (P＜0.05); the level of LVP+dP/dtmax was decreased (P＜0.01). The levels of triglyceride, creatine kinase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase were decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), while the level of glucose was increased (P＜0.05). The collagen fibers were increased in myocardial tissue, and ultrastructure of myocardial cells was abnormal. Conclusion: Antiretrovirals during gestation can cause cardiovascular diseases in female rats.
Animals ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/adverse effects* ; Body Weight ; Cardiotoxicity ; Collagen ; Female ; Myocytes, Cardiac/ultrastructure* ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of children with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), and raise awareness among clinicians. Methods: In this retrospective study, 18 patients with CNO who were diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2015 to December 2021 were included. Results: Eighteen children with CNO (12 males, 6 females) were identified. Their age at onset was 9 (5, 11) years, the delay in diagnosis was 2 (1, 6) months, and follow-up-was 17 (8, 34) months. The most common symptoms were fever in 14 children, as well as bone pain and (or) arthralgia in 14 children. In terms of laboratory results, normal white blood cell counts were observed at onset in 17 patients; increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in all patients; increased C reactive protein (CRP) over the normal value in 14 patients. Of the 18 patients, 2 had positive antinuclear antibodies, while none had positive human leukocyte antigen-B27 or rheumatoid factor. Imaging examination revealed that all the patients had symmetrical and multifocal skeletal lesions. The number of structural lesions detected by imaging investigation was 8 (6, 11). The most frequently affected bones were tibia in 18 patients and femur in 17 patients. Bone biopsy was conducted in 14 patients and acute or chronic osteomyelitis manifested with inflammatory cells infiltration were detected. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found bone lesions in all the patients and bone scintigraphy were positive in 13 patients. All the patients were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, among whom 10 cases also treated with oral glucocorticoids, 9 cases with traditional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, 8 cases with bisphosphonates and 6 cases with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. The pediatric chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis disease activity score, increased by 70% or more in 13 patients within the initial 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of CNO are lack of specificity. The first symptom of CNO is fever, with or without bone pain and (or) arthralgia, with normal peripheral blood leukocytes, elevated CRP and (or) ESR. Whole body bone scanning combined with MRI can early detect osteomyelitis at subclinical sites, and improve the diagnostic rate of CNO.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Osteomyelitis/drug therapy* ; Arthralgia ; Diphosphonates ; Fever ; Graft vs Host Disease

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Myocarditis/drug therapy*

To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer (PCa) and reduce unnecessary biopsies, we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PZ-PSAD). Patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsies in Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai, China) between January 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively identified (n = 529). Another group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 100) were randomly preselected to obtain the PSA density of the non-PCa cohort (N-PSAD). Prostate volumes and transition zone volumes were measured using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and were combined with PSA and N-PSAD to obtain the PZ-PSAD from a specific algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the PCa detection efficiency in patients stratified by PSA level, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PZ-PSAD was higher than that of PSA, PSA density (PSAD), and transition zone PSA density (TZ-PSAD). PZ-PSAD could amend the diagnosis for more than half of the patients with inaccurate transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and mpMRI results. When TRUS and mpMRI findings were ambiguous to predict PCa (PIRADS score ≤3), PZ-PSAD could increase the positive rate of biopsy from 21.7% to 54.7%, and help 63.8% (150/235) of patients avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy. In patients whose PSA was 4.0-10.0 ng ml

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the determination of formic acid in urine by automatic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. METHODS: The urine sample was added with 3 mL 15.00%(V/V) sulfuric acid ethanol and heated in an automatic headspace sampler. The formic acid and ethanol underwent an esterification reaction to produce ethyl formate which was separated by gas chromatographic column and detected by mass spectrometer. The quantification was based on external standard method. RESULTS: The linear range of the method was 2.93-97.60 mg/L, with the regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.999 5. The detection limit was 0.65 mg/L and the minimum quantitative limit was 2.17 mg/L, with the recoveries of 95.61%-106.47%. The within-run relative standard deviation(RSD) ranged from 2.52% to 8.05% and the between-run RSD ranged from 6.58% to 8.42%. CONCLUSION: The method has simple pretreatment, good specificity, high precision and has little interference. It is suitable for large scale rapid determination of formic acid in urine in occupational contact population, patients with acute methanol poisoning and general population.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and prognosis of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed from the chart review data of children who were newly diagnosed with CBF-AML in the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, from August 2009 to November 2015. According to the type of fusion gene, the children were divided into CBFB-MYH11 and AML1-ETO groups. Clinical features and prognosis were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 91 children with CBF-AML were enrolled in this study, among whom there were 74 (81%) in the AML1-ETO group and 17 (19%) in the CBFB-MYH11 group. Additional chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 38 children (42%), and deletion of sex chromosome was the most common abnormality and was observed in 28 children (31%). After the first course of induction treatment, the complete remission rate was 97% (88/91), the recurrence rate was 29% (26/91), the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate was 65%±6%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 75%±5%. There were no significant differences between the AML1-ETO and CBFB-MYH11 groups in 5-year EFS rate (62%±7% vs 77%±11%, P>0.05) or 5-year OS rate (72%±6% vs 88%±9%, P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS AML1-ETO is the main type of fusion gene in children with CBF-AML, and deletion of sex chromosome is the most common type of additional chromosomal abnormalities. Children with CBF-AML often have a good prognosis, and the children with AML1-ETO have a similar prognosis to those with CBFB-MYH11.
Child ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; Core Binding Factors ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; Prognosis ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Retrospective Studies