1.Influence of Patellar Implant Shape on Patellofemoral Contact Pressure Using Finite Element Analysis
Hun Sik CHO ; Hyoung-Taek HONG ; Hyuck Min KWON ; Yong-Gon KOH ; Seong-Mun HWANG ; Kwan Kyu PARK ; Kyoung-Tak KANG
Yonsei Medical Journal 2025;66(6):383-389
Purpose:
This study focused on analyzing the contact pressure and area on different patellar component designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate biomechanics related to the patellofemoral (PF) joint.
Materials and Methods:
The patellar components studied included the dome design, modified dome design, and anatomical design implants. Using finite element analysis and mechanical testing, the pressure and area were evaluated. The first loading condition was simulated at flexion angles of 0°, 15°, 45°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The second loading condition was simulated for a clinically relevant scenario, involving a 2-mm medial shift at a flexion angle of 45°.
Results:
For both the modified dome and anatomical designs, the contact area and pressure increased with the flexion angle. The dome design reached its maximum contact area at a flexion angle of 120°. Among the designs, the anatomical design had the largest contact area and a lower contact pressure compared to the dome and modified dome designs. However, when a medial shift of 2 mm was simulated at a 45° flexion angle, which can occur clinically, the anatomical design showed edge contact, leading to higher contact pressure and reduced contact area. In contrast, the modified dome design demonstrated the lowest contact pressure and the greatest contact area under the same shifted conditions.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the design of the patellar component significantly affects patellar biomechanics and stability. Specifically, the modified dome design showed improved biomechanical effects in clinically relevant scenarios. Therefore, patellar components with a modified dome design are expected to better manage PF joint pain and reduce complications in TKA.
2.Influence of Patellar Implant Shape on Patellofemoral Contact Pressure Using Finite Element Analysis
Hun Sik CHO ; Hyoung-Taek HONG ; Hyuck Min KWON ; Yong-Gon KOH ; Seong-Mun HWANG ; Kwan Kyu PARK ; Kyoung-Tak KANG
Yonsei Medical Journal 2025;66(6):383-389
Purpose:
This study focused on analyzing the contact pressure and area on different patellar component designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate biomechanics related to the patellofemoral (PF) joint.
Materials and Methods:
The patellar components studied included the dome design, modified dome design, and anatomical design implants. Using finite element analysis and mechanical testing, the pressure and area were evaluated. The first loading condition was simulated at flexion angles of 0°, 15°, 45°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The second loading condition was simulated for a clinically relevant scenario, involving a 2-mm medial shift at a flexion angle of 45°.
Results:
For both the modified dome and anatomical designs, the contact area and pressure increased with the flexion angle. The dome design reached its maximum contact area at a flexion angle of 120°. Among the designs, the anatomical design had the largest contact area and a lower contact pressure compared to the dome and modified dome designs. However, when a medial shift of 2 mm was simulated at a 45° flexion angle, which can occur clinically, the anatomical design showed edge contact, leading to higher contact pressure and reduced contact area. In contrast, the modified dome design demonstrated the lowest contact pressure and the greatest contact area under the same shifted conditions.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the design of the patellar component significantly affects patellar biomechanics and stability. Specifically, the modified dome design showed improved biomechanical effects in clinically relevant scenarios. Therefore, patellar components with a modified dome design are expected to better manage PF joint pain and reduce complications in TKA.
3.Factors Associated with Postoperative Recurrence in Stage I to IIIA Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation: Analysis of Korean National Population Data
Kyu Yean KIM ; Ho Cheol KIM ; Tae Jung KIM ; Hong Kwan KIM ; Mi Hyung MOON ; Kyongmin Sarah BECK ; Yang Gun SUH ; Chang Hoon SONG ; Jin Seok AHN ; Jeong Eun LEE ; Jae Hyun JEON ; Chi Young JUNG ; Jeong Su CHO ; Yoo Duk CHOI ; Seung Sik HWANG ; Chang Min CHOI ; Seung Hun JANG ; Jeong Uk LIM ;
Cancer Research and Treatment 2025;57(1):83-94
Purpose:
Recent development in perioperative treatment of resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed the landscape of early lung cancer management. The ADAURA trial has demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib treatment in resectable NSCLC patients; however, studies are required to show which subgroup of patients are at a high risk of relapse and require adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This study evaluated risk factors for postoperative relapse among patients who underwent complete resection.
Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Registry (KALC-R), a database created using a retrospective sampling survey by the Korean Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and the Lung Cancer Registration Committee.
Results:
A total of 3,176 patients who underwent curative resection was evaluated. The mean observation time was approximately 35.4 months. Among stage I to IIIA NSCLC patients, the EGFR-mutant subgroup included 867 patients, and 75.2%, 11.2%, and 11.8% were classified as stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively. Within the EGFR-mutant subgroup, 44 (5.1%) and 121 (14.0%) patients showed early and late recurrence, respectively. Multivariate analysis on association with postoperative relapse among the EGFR-mutant subgroup showed that age, pathologic N and TNM stages, pleural invasion status, and surgery type were independent significant factors.
Conclusion
Among the population that underwent complete resection for early NSCLC with EGFR mutation, patients with advanced stage, pleural invasion, or limited resection are more likely to show postoperative relapse.
4.Influence of Patellar Implant Shape on Patellofemoral Contact Pressure Using Finite Element Analysis
Hun Sik CHO ; Hyoung-Taek HONG ; Hyuck Min KWON ; Yong-Gon KOH ; Seong-Mun HWANG ; Kwan Kyu PARK ; Kyoung-Tak KANG
Yonsei Medical Journal 2025;66(6):383-389
Purpose:
This study focused on analyzing the contact pressure and area on different patellar component designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate biomechanics related to the patellofemoral (PF) joint.
Materials and Methods:
The patellar components studied included the dome design, modified dome design, and anatomical design implants. Using finite element analysis and mechanical testing, the pressure and area were evaluated. The first loading condition was simulated at flexion angles of 0°, 15°, 45°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The second loading condition was simulated for a clinically relevant scenario, involving a 2-mm medial shift at a flexion angle of 45°.
Results:
For both the modified dome and anatomical designs, the contact area and pressure increased with the flexion angle. The dome design reached its maximum contact area at a flexion angle of 120°. Among the designs, the anatomical design had the largest contact area and a lower contact pressure compared to the dome and modified dome designs. However, when a medial shift of 2 mm was simulated at a 45° flexion angle, which can occur clinically, the anatomical design showed edge contact, leading to higher contact pressure and reduced contact area. In contrast, the modified dome design demonstrated the lowest contact pressure and the greatest contact area under the same shifted conditions.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the design of the patellar component significantly affects patellar biomechanics and stability. Specifically, the modified dome design showed improved biomechanical effects in clinically relevant scenarios. Therefore, patellar components with a modified dome design are expected to better manage PF joint pain and reduce complications in TKA.
5.Factors Associated with Postoperative Recurrence in Stage I to IIIA Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation: Analysis of Korean National Population Data
Kyu Yean KIM ; Ho Cheol KIM ; Tae Jung KIM ; Hong Kwan KIM ; Mi Hyung MOON ; Kyongmin Sarah BECK ; Yang Gun SUH ; Chang Hoon SONG ; Jin Seok AHN ; Jeong Eun LEE ; Jae Hyun JEON ; Chi Young JUNG ; Jeong Su CHO ; Yoo Duk CHOI ; Seung Sik HWANG ; Chang Min CHOI ; Seung Hun JANG ; Jeong Uk LIM ;
Cancer Research and Treatment 2025;57(1):83-94
Purpose:
Recent development in perioperative treatment of resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed the landscape of early lung cancer management. The ADAURA trial has demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib treatment in resectable NSCLC patients; however, studies are required to show which subgroup of patients are at a high risk of relapse and require adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This study evaluated risk factors for postoperative relapse among patients who underwent complete resection.
Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Registry (KALC-R), a database created using a retrospective sampling survey by the Korean Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and the Lung Cancer Registration Committee.
Results:
A total of 3,176 patients who underwent curative resection was evaluated. The mean observation time was approximately 35.4 months. Among stage I to IIIA NSCLC patients, the EGFR-mutant subgroup included 867 patients, and 75.2%, 11.2%, and 11.8% were classified as stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively. Within the EGFR-mutant subgroup, 44 (5.1%) and 121 (14.0%) patients showed early and late recurrence, respectively. Multivariate analysis on association with postoperative relapse among the EGFR-mutant subgroup showed that age, pathologic N and TNM stages, pleural invasion status, and surgery type were independent significant factors.
Conclusion
Among the population that underwent complete resection for early NSCLC with EGFR mutation, patients with advanced stage, pleural invasion, or limited resection are more likely to show postoperative relapse.
6.Influence of Patellar Implant Shape on Patellofemoral Contact Pressure Using Finite Element Analysis
Hun Sik CHO ; Hyoung-Taek HONG ; Hyuck Min KWON ; Yong-Gon KOH ; Seong-Mun HWANG ; Kwan Kyu PARK ; Kyoung-Tak KANG
Yonsei Medical Journal 2025;66(6):383-389
Purpose:
This study focused on analyzing the contact pressure and area on different patellar component designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate biomechanics related to the patellofemoral (PF) joint.
Materials and Methods:
The patellar components studied included the dome design, modified dome design, and anatomical design implants. Using finite element analysis and mechanical testing, the pressure and area were evaluated. The first loading condition was simulated at flexion angles of 0°, 15°, 45°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The second loading condition was simulated for a clinically relevant scenario, involving a 2-mm medial shift at a flexion angle of 45°.
Results:
For both the modified dome and anatomical designs, the contact area and pressure increased with the flexion angle. The dome design reached its maximum contact area at a flexion angle of 120°. Among the designs, the anatomical design had the largest contact area and a lower contact pressure compared to the dome and modified dome designs. However, when a medial shift of 2 mm was simulated at a 45° flexion angle, which can occur clinically, the anatomical design showed edge contact, leading to higher contact pressure and reduced contact area. In contrast, the modified dome design demonstrated the lowest contact pressure and the greatest contact area under the same shifted conditions.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the design of the patellar component significantly affects patellar biomechanics and stability. Specifically, the modified dome design showed improved biomechanical effects in clinically relevant scenarios. Therefore, patellar components with a modified dome design are expected to better manage PF joint pain and reduce complications in TKA.
7.Factors Associated with Postoperative Recurrence in Stage I to IIIA Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation: Analysis of Korean National Population Data
Kyu Yean KIM ; Ho Cheol KIM ; Tae Jung KIM ; Hong Kwan KIM ; Mi Hyung MOON ; Kyongmin Sarah BECK ; Yang Gun SUH ; Chang Hoon SONG ; Jin Seok AHN ; Jeong Eun LEE ; Jae Hyun JEON ; Chi Young JUNG ; Jeong Su CHO ; Yoo Duk CHOI ; Seung Sik HWANG ; Chang Min CHOI ; Seung Hun JANG ; Jeong Uk LIM ;
Cancer Research and Treatment 2025;57(1):83-94
Purpose:
Recent development in perioperative treatment of resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have changed the landscape of early lung cancer management. The ADAURA trial has demonstrated the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib treatment in resectable NSCLC patients; however, studies are required to show which subgroup of patients are at a high risk of relapse and require adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This study evaluated risk factors for postoperative relapse among patients who underwent complete resection.
Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Registry (KALC-R), a database created using a retrospective sampling survey by the Korean Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and the Lung Cancer Registration Committee.
Results:
A total of 3,176 patients who underwent curative resection was evaluated. The mean observation time was approximately 35.4 months. Among stage I to IIIA NSCLC patients, the EGFR-mutant subgroup included 867 patients, and 75.2%, 11.2%, and 11.8% were classified as stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively. Within the EGFR-mutant subgroup, 44 (5.1%) and 121 (14.0%) patients showed early and late recurrence, respectively. Multivariate analysis on association with postoperative relapse among the EGFR-mutant subgroup showed that age, pathologic N and TNM stages, pleural invasion status, and surgery type were independent significant factors.
Conclusion
Among the population that underwent complete resection for early NSCLC with EGFR mutation, patients with advanced stage, pleural invasion, or limited resection are more likely to show postoperative relapse.
8.Influence of Patellar Implant Shape on Patellofemoral Contact Pressure Using Finite Element Analysis
Hun Sik CHO ; Hyoung-Taek HONG ; Hyuck Min KWON ; Yong-Gon KOH ; Seong-Mun HWANG ; Kwan Kyu PARK ; Kyoung-Tak KANG
Yonsei Medical Journal 2025;66(6):383-389
Purpose:
This study focused on analyzing the contact pressure and area on different patellar component designs in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to evaluate biomechanics related to the patellofemoral (PF) joint.
Materials and Methods:
The patellar components studied included the dome design, modified dome design, and anatomical design implants. Using finite element analysis and mechanical testing, the pressure and area were evaluated. The first loading condition was simulated at flexion angles of 0°, 15°, 45°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The second loading condition was simulated for a clinically relevant scenario, involving a 2-mm medial shift at a flexion angle of 45°.
Results:
For both the modified dome and anatomical designs, the contact area and pressure increased with the flexion angle. The dome design reached its maximum contact area at a flexion angle of 120°. Among the designs, the anatomical design had the largest contact area and a lower contact pressure compared to the dome and modified dome designs. However, when a medial shift of 2 mm was simulated at a 45° flexion angle, which can occur clinically, the anatomical design showed edge contact, leading to higher contact pressure and reduced contact area. In contrast, the modified dome design demonstrated the lowest contact pressure and the greatest contact area under the same shifted conditions.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the design of the patellar component significantly affects patellar biomechanics and stability. Specifically, the modified dome design showed improved biomechanical effects in clinically relevant scenarios. Therefore, patellar components with a modified dome design are expected to better manage PF joint pain and reduce complications in TKA.
9.Mutation-Driven Immune Microenvironments in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Unrevealing Patterns through Cluster Analysis
Youngtaek KIM ; Joon Yeon HWANG ; Kwangmin NA ; Dong Kwon KIM ; Seul LEE ; Seong-san KANG ; Sujeong BAEK ; Seung Min YANG ; Mi Hyun KIM ; Heekyung HAN ; Seong Su JEONG ; Chai Young LEE ; Yu Jin HAN ; Jie-Ohn SOHN ; Sang-Kyu YE ; Kyoung-Ho PYO
Yonsei Medical Journal 2024;65(12):683-694
Purpose:
We aimed to comprehensively analyze the immune cell and stromal components of tumor microenvironment at the single-cell level and identify tumor heterogeneity among the major top-derived oncogene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data.
Materials and Methods:
The scRNA-seq dataset utilized in this study comprised 64369 primary tumor tissue cells from 21 NSCLC patients, focusing on mutations in EGFR, ALK, BRAF, KRAS, TP53, and the wild-type.
Results:
Tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) analysis revealed differential immune responses across NSCLC mutation subtypes. TIM analysis revealed different immune responses across the mutation subtypes. Two mutation clusters emerged: KRAS, TP53, and EGFR+TP53 mutations (MC1); and EGFR, BRAF, and ALK mutations (MC2). MC1 showed higher tertiary lymphoid structures signature scores and enriched populations of C2-T-IL7R, C3-T/NK-CXCL4, C9-T/NK-NKG, and C1-B-MS4A1 clusters than cluster 2. Conversely, MC2 cells exhibited higher expression levels of TNF, IL1B, and chemokines linked to alternative immune pathways. Remarkably, co-occurring EGFR and TP53 mutations were grouped as MC1. EGFR+TP53 mutations showed upregulation of peptide synthesis and higher synthetic processes, as well as differences in myeloid and T/NK cells compared to EGFR mutations. In T/NK cells, EGFR+TP53 mutations showed a higher expression of features related to cell activity and differentiation, whereas EGFR mutations showed the opposite.
Conclusion
Our research indicates a close association between mutation types and tumor microenvironment in NSCLC, offering insights into personalized approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
10.Exploring the Expression and Function of T Cell Surface Markers Identified through Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing
Joon Yeon HWANG ; Youngtaek KIM ; Kwangmin NA ; Dong Kwon KIM ; Seul LEE ; Seong-san KANG ; Sujeong BAEK ; Seung Min YANG ; Mi Hyun KIM ; Heekyung HAN ; Seong Su JEONG ; Chai Young LEE ; Yu Jin HAN ; Jie-Ohn SOHN ; Sang-Kyu YE ; Kyoung-Ho PYO
Yonsei Medical Journal 2024;65(9):544-555
Purpose:
By utilizing both protein and mRNA expression patterns, we can identify more detailed and diverse immune cells, providing insights into understanding the complex immune landscape in cancer ecosystems.
Materials and Methods:
This study was performed by obtaining publicly available Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq) data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. A total of 94674 total cells were analyzed, of which 32412 were T cells. There were 228 protein features and 16262 mRNA features in the data.The Seurat package was used for quality control and preprocessing, principal component analysis was performed, and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection was used to visualize the clusters. Protein and mRNA levels in the CITE-seq were analyzed.
Results:
We observed that a subset of T cells in the clusters generated at the protein level divided better. By identifying mRNA markers that were highly correlated with the CD4 and CD8 proteins and cross-validating CD26 and CD99 markers using flow cytometry, we found that CD4 + and CD8+ T cells were better discriminated in PBMCs. Weighted Nearest Neighbor clustering results identified a previously unobserved T cell subset.
Conclusion
In this study, we used CITE-seq data to confirm that protein expression patterns could be used to identify cells more precisely. These findings will improve our understanding of the heterogeneity of immune cells in the future and provide valuable insights into the complexity of the immune response in health and disease.

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