Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common endocrine disorder among women of childbearing age. Persistent chronic inflammation can promote the progression of PCOS， thereby causing serious impacts on women’s endocrine metabolism， reproductive function， and psychological status. Nuclear factors- κB （NF- κB） signaling pathway is one of the most classic inflammatory response transduction pathways and is closely related to the pathological process of PCOS. This article summarizes the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in PCOS based on the NF-κB signaling pathway， and finds that various monomers of traditional Chinese medicine [flavonoids （naringenin， soy isoflavone， rhamnocitrin， etc.）， alkaloids （berberine， ligustrazine） and terpenoids （artesunate， cryptotanshinone）， glycosides （salidroside， glycyrrhizic acid）] and traditional Chinese medicine compounds [formula for tonifying kidney （Bushen huayu formula， Bushen huatan formula， etc.）， formula for eliminating damp and dissolving phlegm （Cangfu daotan decoction， Xiehe yin， Erchen decoction）， formula for regulating blood circulation and removing stasis （Gexia zhuyu decoction， Huatan tongmai yin）] can alleviate inflammatory response， improve abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism， and enhance ovarian function by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway， thus improving PCOS.

Objective:To explore the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension.Methods:Totally 341 hospitalized hypertensive patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February to May 2023 were selected by convenience sampling. Patients' general information, clinical data, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure results were collected. A binomial Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in these patients. The relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was examined using threshold effect tests and smooth curve fitting.Results:The binomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that blood phosphate level was a factor influencing the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in hypertensive patients ( P<0.05). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect test results showed that the relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was curve-correlated, with a turning point at 24.61 kg/m 2. To the left of the turning point, there was no correlation ( P=0.130) ; to the right, there was a correlation ( P=0.016) . Conclusions:When the BMI of hypertensive patients exceeds 24.61 kg/m 2, the likelihood of nocturnal hypertension increases with rising BMI, providing a precise intervention target for weight management-based patient care in hypertension.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP),an inflammatory cytokine,which produced by epithelial cells and similar to IL-7,and mainly involved in regulation of inflammatory response and immune homeostasis and plays an important role in immune system.In recent years,expression level of TSLP is significantly increased in Th2 airway inflammatory diseases,and can promote pro-duction of inflammatory mediators,the differentiation of Th2 cells,and mediate the transduction of various signaling pathways to par-ticipate in Th2 inflammation.Meanwhile,TSLP is also related to the pathological process of these diseases.These studies suggest that TSLP may be a potential target for the treatment of these diseases.This review summarizes the research progress of TSLP in the mecha-nism and targeted therapy of Th2 airway inflammatory diseases,to provide new theoretical basis and ideas for the diagnosis and treat-ment of related diseases.

ObjectiveThis study performed a scoping review to comprehensively analyze and report the information on the instructions of Chinese patent medicines and clinical research evidence for the treatment of respiratory diseases in children. MethodChinese patent medicines against respiratory diseases in children were obtained by searching the three major drug catalogues. The Chinese and English databases were searched for relevant literature，followed by data statistics and visualized analysis. ResultAfter screening and analysis，52 Chinese patent medicines were included，involving nine dosage forms. The main drugs were Scutellariae Radix，Armeniacae Semen Amarum，Forsythiae Fructus，etc. The main functions included clearing heat and releasing exterior syndrome，and relieving cough and dissipating phlegm. The indications mainly included common cold with wind-heat syndrome and cough in children. Adverse drug reactions and contraindications were only specified in 19.23% （10/52） of Chinese patent medicines，and the rest only displayed "unclear". A total of 279 articles were included，including 277 articles from Chinese Core Periodicals and two articles from SCIE. In terms of research type，those articles included 253 randomized controlled trials （RCTs，with six dosage form/dose comparisons involved），11 retrospective analyses based on Hospital Information System （HIS） data，one case series，13 systematic reviews/Meta-analyses （with two network Meta-analyses involved），and one economic evaluation article. Among them，72.76% （203/279） of the articles were published in the Core Journals of Chinese Science and Technology. Only 33 Chinese patent medicines were involved，and Xiaoer Feire Kechuan Oral Liquid was the top 1 under investigation，accounting for 15.71% （44/280）. The indicated diseases were mainly infantile pneumonia，bronchitis，respiratory tract infection，cough，asthma，and other western medicine diseases. Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules and Xiaoer Dingchuan Oral Liquid were used off-label. The sample size was concentrated in 51-150 cases，accounting for 67.17% （178/265）. The interventions in the experimental group were mainly Chinese patent medicine + western medicine + basic treatment or Chinese patent medicine + western medicine. The main outcomes were the effective rate and the improvement of clinical symptoms. The adverse reactions were mainly gastrointestinal reactions，drug-induced skin symptoms，etc.，and two studies have shown that drug doses were associated with adverse reactions. ConclusionIn research years，the research on Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of respiratory diseases in children has advanced rapidly. However，there are still some problems that need to be resolved in the future，such as incomplete information on drug content in the instruction，concentrated drugs to be studied，limited indications，failure to highlight the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes，unstandardized research design，and an incomplete reflection of Chinese patent medicine.

Health research priority setting， based on the existing disease burden or healthcare needs， screens out specific areas or topics with relatively high research priority by scientific and systematic methods， and optimizes the allocation of health resources by influencing healthcare decision-making， so as to alleviate the imbalance between regional or global health and development. Many developed countries have carried out related research and practical work on different scales， and the World Health Organization （WHO） attaches great importance to the transformation and application of relevant achievements in developing countries. As the largest developing country in the world， China's research in this field started relatively late， and only a small number of scholars have carried out part of the localization methodology research and practice according to the specific national conditions. However， health research priority setting has not yet attracted the attention of large-scale research institutions or government organizations in China. Although the priority setting is rarely mentioned in the research on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the research and decision-making on the diseases responding specifically to TCM can also be regarded as the practical work of exploring the priority of TCM. Policymakers have a sense of priority support in the "priority of TCM research"， but the decisions from the top design are mainly based on the consensus reached by high-level think tanks. There is a lack of extensive research， and moreover， the data of multiple stakeholders are not included. Therefore， it is urgent to introduce appropriate priority setting methods to solve the problem of transparency and scientificity in the decision-making process. Given the perspective of the specific implementation， the present study introduced three international priority setting methods， i.e.， the James Lind Alliance and Priority Setting Partnerships（JLAPSP，）the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative（CHNRI）， and the Council on Health Research and Development （COHRED）， and presented relevant recommendations on how to apply them in the research of TCM， which is expected to provide references for the local research.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of sequential plate internal fixation in the correction of Madelung deformity after ulnar osteotomy and shortening. METHODS: The clinical data of 13 patients with Madelung deformity admitted between September 2015 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 5 males and 8 females with an average age of 18.3 years ranging from 17 to 23 years. The disease duration ranged from 12 to 24 months, with an average of 17 months. Three cases had a clear history of trauma. All patients had external radial deviation deformity and limited movement of the ulnar deviation, and the ulnar impact pain was significant during ulnar deviation movement; 9 patients had limited wrist joint supination movement, and the supination movement was normal. In the first stage, ulnar osteotomy and shortening combined with external fixator were used to correct wrist deformity in 13 patients. After operation, bone transfer was performed 6 times per day, with adjustments made every 4 hours, which was 1 mm per day. After the osteotomy was in place, the ulnar plate internal fixation was performed to reconstruct the ulnar stability in the second stage. The Cooney wrist joint score was used to assess the pain, function, range of motion, flexion and extension range of motion, and grip strength of the wrist joint before operation and before the removal of internal fixator. The subjective feeling and appearance satisfaction of patients were recorded. RESULTS: After the second-stage operation, all the 13 patients were followed up 10-22 months, with an average of 15 months. The deformity of wrist joint disappeared after operation, and the flexion, extension, and ulnar deviation were basically normal. There was no complication such as ulnar impingement sign, nonunion or infection. Wrist function, pain, and range of motion were significantly improved after operation, except for 1 patient who had no significant improvement in rotation and pain. The ulnar internal fixator was removed at 10-18 months after the second-stage operation. The scores of pain, function, range of motion, flexion and extension range of motion, and grip strength in the Cooney wrist score before removal of internal fixator significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05). Subjective and appearance satisfaction of patients were excellent in 9 cases, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case. CONCLUSION Ulnar osteotomy and shortening with sequential plate internal fixation for correction of Madelung deformity, with mild postoperative pain, can effectively avoid bone nonunion, improve wrist joint function, and have significant effectiveness.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna/surgery* ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; Radius Fractures/surgery* ; Wrist Joint/surgery* ; Osteotomy ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome

This study systematically and comprehensively sorted out the application status of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of constipation in the clinic， to provide scientific evidence for future research directions and clinical drug use in this field. Based on the method of scoping review， the Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of constipation were retrieved from three drug lists to obtain the medicines that needed to be evaluated. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out on the included studies on the treatment of constipation by Chinese patent medicines through eight Chinese and English databases， and the included studies were integrated and analyzed. The results were displayed in combination with charts. Thirty-four Chinese patent medicines and 118 studies were included in this study. According to the efficacies， Chinese patent medicines were divided into 4 categories， namely eliminating accumulation， purging fire， promoting Qi， and moistening bowels， involving 125 Chinese medicines. The overall attention of constipation research is on the rise. Marenwan （granules or soft capsules） gained the highest attention， with 42 studies， followed by Qirong Runchang oral liquid， with 21 studies， and Biantong tablets （capsules）， with 19 studies. There are 10 studies on Congrong Tongbian oral liquid. Seventeen Chinese patent medicines had no corresponding clinical research. There were 8 study design types， and all drugs were mainly randomized controlled trials except Danggui Longhui pill. Among the intervention types， the comparison between Chinese patent medicines and western medicines was the most. The highest outcome indicators were efficacy， safety evaluation， and main symptoms or scores， and there was a lack of a unified core outcome indicator set. There were few studies on adverse reactions and the economy. Only 11.86% of the studies were funded. Clinically， Chinese patent medicines are widely used in the treatment of constipation， and the amount of related research shows an increasing trend. However， some Chinese patent medicines lack corresponding clinical evidence， and the published research has problems such as unrigorous design， ununified criteria for efficacy evaluation， lack of comprehensive evidence studies， and insufficient funds. It is hoped that more investment will be made in this field in the future， and more attention will be paid to drugs with relatively blank research and constipation syndromes with few treatments. Comprehensive evidence studies such as systematic reviews should be carried out actively. And the study design should be standardized to provide reliable evidence for the treatment of constipation with Chinese patent medicines.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety， efficacy， and economy of the four Chinese patent medicines （CPMs）， including Simotang oral liquid， Liuwei Anxiao capsule， Baohe pill， and Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid in the treatment of functional dyspepsia （FD） by a rapid health technology assessment （RHTA）， thus providing evidence support for clinical decision making. MethodChina National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， WanFang Database， VIP Chinese Technology Periodical Database （VIP）， China Biology Medicine disc （CBMdisc）， PubMed， EMBASE， Cochrane Library， and Web of Science were searched by computer from inception to March 2022. After literature screening， data extraction， and quality evaluation， the descriptive analysis of the results combined with visual charts was performed. Nineteen studies were included， involving 18 randomized controlled trials （RCTs） and 1 Meta-analysis. Neither economic studies nor health technology assessment （HTA） reports were retrieved. ResultThe four CPMs were safe and effective in the treatment of FD， but economic research was lacking. Among them， Simotang oral liquid could be used for children with FD and FD caused by qi and food stagnation， liver and spleen disharmony， and liver and spleen stagnation. Liuwei Anxiao capsule could be used for adult patients with FD caused by food stagnation. Baohe pill could be used for the elderly with FD. Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid could be used for children with FD caused by spleen and stomach weakness. ConclusionThe four CPMs have their advantages in the treatment of FD. Among them， the clinical universality of Simotang oral liquid is higher. However， the quality of clinical evidence is generally low， and comparative analysis among drug dosage forms is lacking. In the future， it is necessary to improve， apply， and promote RHTA for rapid evidence production while carrying out a more standardized and scientific evidence-based demonstration of the comprehensive clinical efficacy of CPMs.

This paper aims to systematically retrieve and summarize the clinical evidence on oral Chinese patent medicine in otorhinolaryngology by scoping review and analyze the distribution of the evidence， which is expected to serve as a reference for clinical practice and healthcare decision-making. Seven databases were searched （from inception to March 2022） for the clinical evidence of oral Chinese patent medicine in the prevention and treatment of otorhinolaryngologic diseases， and the distribution of the evidence was discussed. A total of 248 papers from core journals/SCI were included： 238 clinical studies （185 randomized controlled trials， 46 semi-/non-randomized controlled trials， 7 case series studies）， 5 systematic reviews， 4 guidelines/expert consensuses， and 1 pharmacoeconomic study. The papers covered 26 oral Chinese patent medicines and 40 otorhinolaryngological diseases （5 ear diseases， 22 nose diseases， and 13 throat diseases）. The majority of the clinical studies included 100-300 cases. The combination of Chinese patent medicine and western medicine is the common intervention in the experimental group. The outcomes were mainly “cure rate” and improvement of clinical symptoms. Common adverse events were nausea， vomiting， rash， headache， gastrointestinal discomfort， fatigue， etc. In summary， there is a lack of high-quality clinical evidence on oral Chinese patent medicine in otorhinolaryngology. In addition， the available studies have such problems as seldom use of recognized outcomes， low quality of clinical studies， and lack of pharmacoeconomic study. In future， efforts should be made to carry out more rigorous primary and secondary research and enhance the pharmacoeconomic evaluation， in a bid to explore the advantages of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of otorhinolaryngologic diseases and promote the more rational allocation and application of health resources.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of externalizing behavior problems (EBPs) and its influencing factors among Hui left-behind children (LBC) in rural China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school students from the southern rural areas in Ningxia, China (2012–2013). The general self-made questionnaire, Egma Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (for Children), Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale, and Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist (for parents) were used to investigate the related information. Binary logistic regressions were conducted. Results: The prevalence of EBPs in boys Hui LBC was significantly higher than that of non-LBC (12.37% vs. 6.84%, χ2=4.09, and p=0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low self-awareness of behavior (odds ratio [OR]=29.78), introversion (OR=21.67) and intermediate personality (OR=15.83), poor academic performance (OR=11.65) and both parent migrating (OR=2.73) were the risk factors for the EBPs of Hui LBC, while middle and high father refusal and denial (OR=0.11, OR=0.09) were their protective factors. Conclusion Our findings suggest that both parent migrating is a potential risk factor for EBPs among Hui LBC. Hui boys LBC should be paid more attention when formulating relevant policies.