Objective To understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus outbreaks and the genome evolution of Norovirus epidemic strains in Hainan Province from 2020 to 2022.Methods The information and samples have been collected from the norovirus outbreaks from 2020 to 2022.Norovirus was detected by using the real-time PCR in these samples,then the detected sequences were amplified the analyzed.The Norovirus se-quences of 8 strains had been amplified and analyzed.Results From 2020 to 2022,39 gastroenteritis outbreaks were reported,and 25 outbreaks caused by Norovirus which mainly occurred in childcare institutions and schools(20/25,80％).The Norovirus outbreaks were mainly concentrated in counties around Haikou(northeast),which including Ding'an(5 cases),Wenchang(4 cases),Chengmai(4 cases),and Lingao(3 cases);following by western regions which included Baisha(2 cases),Ledong(2 cases),and Dongfang(3 cases).1 case was in Wanning in the southeast.Among individuals aged 2-17,the positive proportion of Norovirus in males was higher than that in females.Among individuals aged over 55,the proportion of Norovirus positive in females was higher than that in males.The gender of positive samples among individuals aged 18-40 was related to their profession.According to RT-PCR typing and sequencing,GⅡ group Norovirus were classified in13 outbreaks.There were 4 genotypes detected.GⅡ.2[P1 6]was the main epidemic strain with 60％(9/13),and the other three genotypes were GⅡ.4 Sydney[P31](15.4％,2/13)GⅡ.4 Sydney[P16](7.7％,1/13)and GⅡ.3[P12](7.7％,1/13).Further genic analysis of 8 Norovirus strains showed that all of them were still in the same branch as the previ-ous strain,and all exhibited a certain amount of amino acid variation.Conclusion Norovirus is the main pathogen of gastroenteritis outbreaks in Hainan province,and the main epidemic strain is GⅡ.2[P16].It is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring that provides scientific evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus out-breaks in Hainan region.

BACKGROUND: Reports on the prevalence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) among Chinese patients with psoriasis are very limited. This study, conducted by rheumatologists, estimated the prevalence of PsA in a large number of Chinese patients with psoriasis. METHODS: Consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of psoriasis attending nine dermatology clinics in five hospitals were recruited. All psoriasis patients were asked to complete a questionnaire comprising 16 questions to identify possible cases of PsA. All patients with one or more positive answers to the questionnaire were evaluated by two experienced rheumatologists. RESULTS: A total of 2434 psoriasis patients, including 1561 males and 873 females, were enrolled. Both the questionnaire and rheumatologists' examinations were completed in the dermatology clinics. The results identified 252 patients with PsA, comprising 168 males and 84 females. The overall prevalence of PsA among psoriasis patients was 10.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 9.1%-11.7%). By sex, the prevalence was 10.8% (95% CI, 9.2%-12.5%) for males and 9.6% (95% CI, 7.7%-11.9%) for females and there was no significant sex difference in the prevalence of PsA (P = 0.38). Of the 252 PsA patients, 125 (49.6%, 95% CI, 41.3%-59.1%) were newly diagnosed by rheumatologists. Consequently, the prevalence of undiagnosed PsA among psoriasis patients was 5.2% (95% CI, 4.4%-6.2%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PsA in the Chinese population with psoriasis is about 10.4%, which is almost double that of previous reports in the Chinese population, but lower than that in Caucasians.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Arthritis, Psoriatic/epidemiology* ; Rheumatologists ; Prevalence ; East Asian People ; Psoriasis/epidemiology*

To investigate the protective effect of 7-hydroxyethyl chrysin (7-HEC) on rats with exercise-induced fatigue in hypobaric hypoxic condition.Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group: control group, model group, chrysin group and 7-HEC group. The rats in control group were raised at local altitude but other three groups were raised in a simulating altitude of for hypobaric hypoxia treatment. The chrysin group and 7-HEC group were given chrysin or 7-HEC by gavage for respectively; while the control group and model group were given the same amount of sterilized water. The weight-bearing swimming tests were performed 3 d later, and the weight-bearing swimming time was documented. After rats were sacrificed, the liver and skeletal muscle tissue samples were taken for pathological examination and determination of lactate, malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glycogen levels. Blood urea nitrogen was also determined. Compared with the model group, weight-bearing swimming times were significantly prolonged in 7-HEC group [ vs. (4.04±1.30) min, <0.01]; pathological changes in liver and skeletal muscle tissue were attenuated; generation rate of blood urea nitrogen vs. 0.60) mmol·L·min, <0.05], lactate [liver: (0.14±0.05) vs. (0.10±0.03) mg·g·min, skeletal muscle: vs. (0.18±] and MDA [liver: (0.48) vs. (0.78±0.28) nmol·mg·min, skeletal muscle: (0.87±0.19) vs. (0.63±0.11) nmol·mg·min] were significantly reduced (all < 0.05); glycogen content [liver: (15.16±2.69) vs. skeletal muscle: (1.46±0.49) vs.0.48) mg/g] and T-SOD [liver: (1.87±0.01) vs. (2.68±0.12) U/mL, skeletal muscle: 0.42) vs. 0.96) U/mL] were significantly improved (all <0.05). 7-HEC has significant protective effect on the rats with exercise-induced fatigue in hypobaric hypoxia condition.
Altitude ; Animals ; Fatigue/prevention & control* ; Flavonoids ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and outcome of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in southwest Hubei, China. METHODS: According to the Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS, a retrospective clinical epidemiological investigation was performed on the medical data of neonates with ARDS who were admitted to Department of Neonatology/Pediatrics in 17 level 2 or level 3 hospitals in southwest Hubei from January to December, 2017. RESULTS: A total of 7 150 neonates were admitted to the 17 hospitals in southwest Hubei during 2017 and 66 (0.92%) were diagnosed with ARDS. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 23 (35%) had mild ARDS, 28 (42%) had moderate ARDS, and 15 (23%) had severe ARDS. The main primary diseases for neonatal ARDS were perinatal asphyxia in 23 neonates (35%), pneumonia in 18 neonates (27%), sepsis in 12 neonates (18%), and meconium aspiration syndrome in 10 neonates (15%). Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 neonates (15%) were born to the mothers with an age of ≥35 years, 30 neonates (45%) suffered from intrauterine distress, 32 neonates (49%) had a 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 7 points, 24 neonates (36%) had abnormal fetal heart monitoring results, and 21 neonates (32%) experienced meconium staining of amniotic fluid. Intraventricular hemorrhage was the most common comorbidity (12 neonates), followed by neonatal shock (9 neonates) and patent ductus arteriosus (8 neonates). All 66 neonates with ARDS were treated with mechanical ventilation in addition to the treatment for primary diseases. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 died, with a mortality rate of 15% (10/66), and 56 neonates were improved or cured, with a survival rate of 85% (56/66). CONCLUSIONS Neonatal ARDS in southwest Hubei is mostly mild or moderate. Perinatal asphyxia and infection may be the main causes of neonatal ARDS in this area. Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common comorbidity. Neonates with ARDS tend to have a high survival rate after multimodality treatment.
China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDOur previous studies have indicated that the beneficial effects of grafting neural stem cells (NSCs) overexpressing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in rats after stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms are highly debatable. In this study, we investigated whether neurogenesis, Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) signaling were involved in this process.

METHODSTransient ischemic stroke were induced by occluding middle cerebral artery for 2 hours and reperfusion. At 3 days after reperfusion, GDNF/NSCs, NSCs, and vehicle were administered. Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate neurogenesis by nestin antibody; phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 was investigated by Western blotting analysis.

RESULTSTransplantation of GDNF/NSCs and NSCs significantly increased nestin-positive cells compared to control group (vehicle) from 1 to 7 weeks after reperfusion, and GDNF/NSCs showed stronger effect than NSCs at 2 and 3 weeks after reperfusion. Meanwhile, enhanced phosphorylation level of Erk1/2 was observed in the GDNF/NSCs and NSCs groups compared with control group, and phosphorylation level of Erk1/2 in GDNF/NSCs group was remarkably higher than that of NSCs group at any given time. In contrast, expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), known as inhibitor of Erk1/2 signaling, was significantly decreased in the GDNF/NSCs and NSCs groups compared with the control group. Moreover, much enhanced and prolonged phosphorylation level of Akt of GDNF/NSCs group was detected compared with control and NSCs group.

CONCLUSIONGrafting GDNF/NSCs enhances neurogenesis and activates Akt and Erk1/2 signaling, that may provide the potential for GDNF/NSCs in stroke treatment.

Animals ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neurogenesis ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stroke ; metabolism ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the Intervention effect of Rosiglitozone in ovarian fibrosis of PCOS rats.

METHODS60 female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, model group and treatment group. The model and treatment groups were established by subcutaneous injection of DHEA, while the treatment group was given RGZ. The serum hormone values, pathohistology of ovarian structure of rats, ovarian ultrastructure and the expressions of TGF-β(1) and CTGF were detected.

RESULTSThe PCOS model was established successfully. The expression intensity of TGF-β(1) and CTGF in Oocytes of the PCOS groups was 9.545±2.954 and 9.665±2.400, respectively and was significantly higher than that of the control group 6.636±2.264 and 7.036±2.133; after treatment with rosiglitazone, the expression was significantly decreased 6.980±2.421 and 6.642±2.721 as compared with that of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.001). The values in serum of the PCOS groups were 3.749±2.054 and 0.265±0.129, and 1.914±1.801 and 0.096±0.088 in the control group which had statistically significant difference (P<0.05, P<0.001). After treatment with rosiglitazone, the values were 2.3100±1.825 and 0.112±0.187 and were significantly different with those of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONTGF-β(1) and CTGF play an important role in the development of ovary fibrosis in PCOS. However, RGZ may postpone the development of fibrosis by decreasing the levels of TGF-β(1) and CTGF.

Animals ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; blood ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Ovary ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiazolidinediones ; therapeutic use ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in treatment planning of impacted teeth.

METHODSThirty-two orthodontic patients with impacted teeth aged from 13 to 17 years were enrolled, including 15 with impacted maxillary canines, 8 with impacted premolars and 6 with second molar impaction and retention. All the impacted teeth were examined by spiral CT scan and 3D reconstruction to determine the 3D position of the tooth in relation to both the crown and root, and the proximity to the roots of other teeth. The data were used for treatment planning and determination of the suitable direction of the orthodontic forces, approaches of surgical exposure, and the position of the attachment to be bonded.

RESULTSNormal occlusion was achieved for 15 patients with transposition maxillary canines and 5 with lower position premolar. Three malformed premolars were extracted after traction. For 9 patients with second molar impaction and retention, normal occlusion was achieved after extraction of the third molar or moving the first molar mesial.

CONCLUSIONSpiral CT scan and 3D reconstruction can accurately determine the 3D position of the impacted tooth and provide assistance in the treatment planning to achieve a higher success rate of orthodontic correction.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Orthodontic Appliance Design ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Tooth, Impacted ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in electromyographic activities of the temporal and masseter muscles at different positions of the mandible.

METHODSTwenty orthodontic patients with Angle Class II malocclusion and mandibular retrusion (ANB<6°) aged 10-14 years were enrolled in this study. All the patients were treated with Forsus fixed functional appliance combined with MBT straight-wire appliance. The electromyographic activities of the temporal (T) and masseter (M) muscles before, during and after functional treatment were evaluated by assessing the average integrated electromyogram (EMG) and T/M ratio at clenching status in different mandibular positions.

RESULTSAfter functional forward positioning of the mandible, the electromyographic activities of the temporal and masseter muscles decreased and T/M ratio increased significance at the clenching status (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe appliance insertion and activation is associated with a decreased EMG activity of the temporal and masseter muscles, and the T/M ratio is correlated to the position of the mandible.

Adolescent ; Child ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Masseter Muscle ; physiopathology ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Retrognathia ; physiopathology ; Temporal Muscle ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic value of ThinPrep cytology test (TCT) in lung cancer.

METHODS353 cases of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and(or) bronchial brushing cytology (192 cases from lung cancer patients and 161 cases from benign lung disease patients) were detected with TCT and method of direct smear, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of two methods was compared.

RESULTSThe sensitivity and specificity of TCT were 39.6% and 99.4%. And which of direct smear method were 8.3% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of TCT was significantly higher than that of method of direct smear in the diagnosis of lung cancer (P < 0.01). There were 71 patients who underwent BALF and bronchial brushing cytology simultaneously, the sensitivity of TCT of BALF was higher than that of bronchial brushing cytology (P < 0.05). Of the 69 cases which had both TCT and histopathological results, TCT and pathology concordance rate was 84.1%.

CONCLUSIONTCT has more diagnostic value in lung cancer; BALF is more preponderant than bronchial brushing cytology by TCT in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Bronchi ; pathology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Bronchoscopy ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Cytological Techniques ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of microtubule intervention drugs on glycolytic key enzymes in myocardial cells after hypoxia.

METHODSThe primary passage of cultured myocardial cells from neonatal rats were divided into A group (with hypoxia), B group (with hypoxia and administration of l0 micromol/L colchicine), C group (with hypoxia and administration of 5 micromol/L taxol), D group (with hypoxia and administration of 10 micromol/L taxol), E group (with hypoxia and administration of 15 micromol/L taxol). The morphology of microtubule was observed with laser scanning microscope (LSM). The cell vitality was assayed by cell counting kit (CCK). The activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed with colorimetry.

RESULTSIn group B and E, the microtubule structure was damaged heavily, and the cell vitality was decreased significantly [The cell vitality was (89.99 +/- 3.47)% in B group and (84.56 +/- 6.61)% in E group, respectively, at 1.0 post hypoxia hour (PHH), and hoth values were obviously lower than that in A group (97.44 +/- 1.76)%, P < 0.01]. The HK, PK and PFK activities decreased obviously. The activities of HK, PK and PFK in group C were similar to those of the A group. Compared with that in other groups, the degree of damage of microtubule structure in D group was milden. The activities of HK, PK and PFK in D group during 0.5 - 6.0 PHH were significantly higher than those in A group. The activity of LDH in each group was increased after hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONProper concentration of microtubule-stabilizing drugs can alleviate the damages to microtubule structure, and enhance the activity of glycolytic key enzymes of myocardial cells at early stage of hypoxia.

Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Glycolysis ; drug effects ; Hexokinase ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Microtubules ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Phosphofructokinase-1 ; metabolism ; Pyruvate Kinase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley