OBJECTIVE: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities. METHODS: The AlCl₃ colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking. RESULTS: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile. CONCLUSION The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.

Objective To train influenza clinical syndrome data using machine learning methods;To obtain an influenza syndrome differentiation model.Methods The medical records of influenza patients who visited the fever clinic of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from December 2019 to March 2022 were collected.The data set system was used for data processing,and the data generated by different data processing processes were stored separately for training.The study selected logistic regression,decision tree,naive Bayes,support vector machine,multi-layer perceptron,lightGBM and random forest as alternative models,and optimized the hyperparameters through Optuna.Models were trained separately in each data set,and the model prediction performance was evaluated,with the macro-F1 score as the core.Results Totally 1 011 training samples were collected,including 453 cases of wind-heat syndrome,152 cases of superficial wind-cold syndrome,and 406 cases of superficial cold and internal heat syndrome;8 data sets were obtained for training,containing 80 copies of data.After training,the macro-F1 scores of logistic regression,decision tree,naive Bayes,support vector machine,multi-layer perceptron lightGBM and random forest model were 0.783 0,0.774 2,0.731 5,0.782 4,0.716 7,0.793 8 and 0.815 3,respectively.Weighted samples could significantly improve the average model performance,while PCA would reduce the average model performance.The prediction performance of the logistic regression model was the best in the single method models,and the random forest model was the best in the integrated method models.Conclusion In the case of a small sample size,it is more appropriate to use logistic regression,decision tree,support vector machine and lightGBM for the TCM influenza syndrome differentiation model.As the sample size increases,logistic regression,support vector machine,lightGBM and random forest may be more suitable.Different data processing methods will affect model performance.Collecting information on the typical degree of syndrome types is beneficial to improving model performance.

This study examined the impact of astragalus polysaccharide synbiotics on fecal scores and blood indices in calves suffering from E.coli-induced diarrhea.Twenty Holstein calves,aged 6-9 days and weighing approximately(44.56±5)kg,were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group.The experiment lasted 10 days.Both control and experimental group calves received daily intramuscular injections of borlococci(1 mg/kg)and enrofloxacin(20 mg/kg)dur-ing experimental period.In addition to the standard treatment regimen,calves in the experimental group were given 20 g of Astragali polysaccharide synbiotics in their milk each day.Fecal scoring was conducted daily at 9:00 a.m.,and jugular blood was collected at the end of experiment to eval-uate relevant blood parameters.Results indicated a 17％reduction in diarrhea rates in the experi-mental group compared to the control group,although there was no statistically significant differ-ence in fecal scores.Compared to the control group,the experimental group showed a significant in-crease in the levels of immunoglobulin A(IgA)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)by 54.81％and 60.40％,respectively(P＜0.01).Immunoglobulin G(IgG)and interleukin-10(IL-10)levels increased by 50.89％and 46.80％,respectively(P＜0.05).while interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1 β),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)decreased by 28.99％,20.88％,and 37.10％,re-spectively(P＜0.01).The experimental group showed a significant reduction in the level of D-lac-tic acid(D-LA)and endotoxin(LPS)by 47.46％and 65.31％compared to the control group,re-spectively(P＜0.01),and diamine oxidase(DAO)activity was 30％lower(P＜0.01).Total su-peroxide dismutase(T-SOD)content increased by 12.78％(P＜0.05),and catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)contents increased by 53.09％,and 60.57％,respectively(P＜0.01).Furthermore,malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased by 33.29％(P＜0.01)in the ex-perimental group.In conclusion,administering astragalus polysaccharide synbiotics could reduce in-testinal mucosal damage in calves with E.coli diarrhea,enhance their immunity and antioxidative stress response,and mitigate the impact of pathogenic bacteria and oxidative stress on intestinal mucosal permeability.

[摘 要] 目的：探究小核核糖核蛋白多肽A（SNRPA）在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织和细胞中的表达及其调控HCC细胞HepG2和Hep3B恶性生物学行为的作用及其机制。方法: 数据库分析SNRPA在泛癌组织中的表达及其与病理分期、HCC患者预后的相关性。常规培养HepG2和Hep3B细胞，将si-NC，si-SNRPA#1、si-SNRPA#2转染HepG2和Hep3B细胞，实验分为si-NC组、si-SNRPA#1组和si-SNRPA#2组；将SNRPA-vector和SNRPA-oe载体转染LO2细胞，分为SNRPA-vector组和SNRPA-oe组。qPCR法检测正常肝细胞和肝癌细胞以及转染各组HepG2和Hep3B细胞中SNRPA mRNA的表达，MTT法、Transwell法和WB法分别检测转染后各组HepG2和Hep3B细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力以及EMT相关蛋白表达的变化。结果: 数据库分析显示，SNRPA mRNA在多数肿瘤组织中均呈高表达（均P<0.001）且与病理分期有关联（P<0.05或P<0.01）。SNRPA在HCC组织和细胞中均呈高表达（P<0.05或P<0.01），且与HCC患者的预后有关联（P<0.01）。敲减SNRPA表达明显抑制HepG2和Hep3B细胞增殖（P<0.05或P<0.01）而过表达SNRPA则能促进LO2细胞增殖（P<0.01），敲减SNRPA表达明显抑制HepG2和Hep3B细胞的迁移和侵袭能力（均P<0.01），明显促进E-cadherin的表达上调（P<0.01），而抑制N-cadherin、vimentin的表达（P<0.01）。结论: SNRPA在HCC组织及细胞中呈明显高表达，其可能通过调控上皮间质转化（EMT）进程进而促进HepG2和Hep3B细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

BACKGROUND: Glutamine synthetase (GS) and arginase 1 (Arg1) are widely used pathological markers that discriminate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; however, their clinical significance in HCC remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 431 HCC patients: 251 received hepatectomy alone, and the other 180 received sorafenib as adjuvant treatment after hepatectomy. Expression of GS and Arg1 in tumor specimens was evaluated using immunostaining. mRNA sequencing and immunostaining to detect progenitor markers (cytokeratin 19 [CK19] and epithelial cell adhesion molecule [EpCAM]) and mutant TP53 were also conducted. RESULTS: Up to 72.4% (312/431) of HCC tumors were GS positive (GS+). Of the patients receiving hepatectomy alone, GS negative (GS-) patients had significantly better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) than GS+ patients; negative expression of Arg1, which is exclusively expressed in GS- hepatocytes in the healthy liver, had a negative effect on prognosis. Of the patients with a high risk of recurrence who received additional sorafenib treatment, GS- patients tended to have better RFS than GS+ patients, regardless of the expression status of Arg1. GS+ HCC tumors exhibit many features of the established proliferation molecular stratification subtype, including poor differentiation, high alpha-fetoprotein levels, increased progenitor tumor cells, TP53 mutation, and upregulation of multiple tumor-related signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS GS- HCC patients have a better prognosis and are more likely to benefit from sorafenib treatment after hepatectomy. Immunostaining of GS may provide a simple and applicable approach for HCC molecular stratification to predict prognosis and guide targeted therapy.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism* ; Sorafenib/therapeutic use* ; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/metabolism* ; Hepatectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery*

Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neuro-logical disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological pro-cesses and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simul-taneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.

Objective:To investigate the Correlation between ADC combined with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP), It provides scientific basis for early prediction of DEACMP.Methods:According to the design principle of case-control study, the data of acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) patients admitted to Shandong Provincial Hospital from December 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected. Among them, patients with DEACMP were selected as the case group, without DEACMP were used as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ADC combined with CRP as a combined predictor for disease.Results:A total of 89 patients with ACOP were included, including 33 patients with DEACMP and 56 patients without DEACMP. There were no significant differences in gender, age, smoking, drinking, and underlying diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease) between groups ( P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that white blood cell count (WBC) ( OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.19-2.26, P=0.003), CRP ( OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.03-1.45, P=0.019) and ADC value of central semiovale white matter ( OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.00, P=0.010) were associated with DEACMP in patients with ACOP. The ROC curve results showed that the area under the ROC of ADC combined with CRP in the center of semiovale was 0.765 (95% CI: 0.656-0.845), the specificity was 87.9%, the sensitivity was 23.2%, and the cut-off value was 3.5°. Conclusions:WBC, CRP and ADC value of central semiovale are independent factors for DEACMP. ADC value of central semiovale combined with CRP has more clinical value in the early diagnosis of DEACMP. For ACOP patients with DEACMP triggering factors, the diagnosis and treatment awareness of early screening of brain magnetic resonance imaging should be strengthened to avoid DEACMP.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common during pregnancy, with the prevalence reaching as high as 31.0% in some European regions (McIntyre et al., 2019). Dysfunction of the glucose metabolism in pregnancy can influence fetal growth via alteration of the intrauterine environment, resulting in an increased risk of abnormal offspring birth weight (McIntyre et al., 2019). Infants with abnormal birth weight will be faced with increased risks of neonatal complications in the perinatal period and chronic non-communicable diseases in childhood and adulthood (Mitanchez et al., 2015; McIntyre et al., 2019). Therefore, accurate estimation of birth weight for neonates from women with GDM is crucial for more sensible perinatal decision-making and improvement of perinatal outcomes. Timely antenatal intervention, with reference to accurately estimated fetal weight, may also decrease the risks of adverse long-term diseases.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUNDS: At present, there is no consensus on the induction methods in term pregnancy with borderline oligohydramnios. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and pregnancy outcomes of labor induction with dinoprostone or single-balloon catheter (SBC) in term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2016 to November 2018. During the study period, a total of 244 cases were enrolled. Of these, 103 cases were selected for induction using dinoprostone and 141 cases were selected for induction with SBC. The pregnancy outcomes between the two groups were compared. Primary outcomes were successful vaginal delivery rates. Secondary outcomes were maternal and neonatal adverse events. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for vaginal delivery failure in the two groups. RESULTS: The successful vaginal delivery rates were similar between the dinoprostone group and the SBC group (64.1% [66/103] vs. 59.6%, [84/141] P = 0.475), even after adjustment for potential confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57-2.00, P = 0.835). The incidence of intra-amniotic infection was lower in the dinoprostone group than in the SBC group (1.9% [2/103] vs. 7.8%, [11/141] P < 0.001), but the presence of non-reassuring fetal heart rate was higher in the dinoprostone group than in the SBC group (12.6% [13/103] vs. 0.7%, [1/141] P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that nuchal cord was a risk factor for vaginal delivery failure after induction with dinoprostone (aOR: 6.71, 95% CI: 1.96-22.95). There were three factors related to vaginal delivery failure after induction with SBC, namely gestational age (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07-2.14), body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.10-8.02), and fetal weight >3500 g (aOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.12-5.50). CONCLUSIONS Term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios have similar successful vaginal delivery rates after induction with dinoprostone or SBC, with their advantages and disadvantages. In women with nuchal cord, the risk of vaginal delivery failure is increased if dinoprostone is used in the induction of labor. BMI >30 kg/m2, large gestational age, and estimated fetal weight >3500 g are risk factors for vaginal delivery failure after induction with SBC.
Administration, Intravaginal ; Catheters ; Dinoprostone/therapeutic use* ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor, Induced/methods* ; Nuchal Cord ; Oligohydramnios ; Oxytocics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies

In our country, there are a large number of carbon monoxide poisoning patients every winter. 10% to 30% of patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning develop acute carbon monoxide poisoning delayed encephalopathy after a "false recovery period" of about 2 to 60 days. The morbidity and mortality rates of the disease are extremely high, but there is still no effective treatment for this condition. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex, and there is no clear conclusion yet. After consulting a large number of recent relevant literatures, this article reviews the main research results of the pathogenesis of the disease so far, with an aim to facilitate its early clinical diagnosis and correct treatment.