Objective:To understand the monkeypox knowledge awareness, risk perception and vaccination intention in men who have sex with men (MSM) in five cities in northeast China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted by using electronic questionnaire in MSM selected by convenience sampling in five cities in northeast China (Shenyang, Panjin, Changchun, Harbin and Jiamusi) from June 28 to July 8, 2023 by local centers for disease control and prevention and MSM communities. The sample size was estimated to be 220. Information about their demographics, monkeypox-related knowledge awareness, perceived concern about epidemic risk perception, and monkeypox vaccination intention were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors for MSM's monkeypox vaccination intention.Results:In 355 MSM, 63.9% (227/355) had monkeypox vaccination intentions, and 55.5% (197/355) had high awareness of monkeypox related knowledge with a mean knowledge awareness score of 3.7±1.5. MSM with education level of high-school and above (a OR=1.93, 95% CI:1.01-3.69), higher knowledge awareness score (a OR=1.19, 95% CI:1.02-1.40) and higher risk perception of monkeypox infection (a OR=1.82, 95% CI:1.15-2.88), were more willing to receive monkeypox vaccination. The main reasons for willingness to receive monkeypox vaccine were preventing monkeypox (86.3%, 196/227) and worrying about appearance being affected (62.1%, 141/227). The main reasons for unwillingness for the vaccination included concerns about vaccine safety (53.1%, 68/128), clinical progression of AIDS being affected (46.1%, 59/128) and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy being affected (44.5%, 57/128). Conclusions:The levels of knowledge awareness and vaccine intentions still need to be improved among MSM in five cities of northeast China. It is necessary to improve the awareness of monkeypox and intention of monkeypox vaccination, promote protected sex behavior and self-assessment of infection risk, reduce vaccine hesitancy and increase monkeypox vaccination intention in MSM in 5 cities in northeast China.

Objective:A genome-wide molecular characterization of FJ21351116, a strain of G3P[8]-E2 2021 collected in Fujian, China, was performed.Methods:Whole genome sequencing of FJ21351116 was performed using a high-sensitivity group A rotavirus whole genome sequencing method. Genomic characteriza-tion of the virus was assessed by nucleic acid sequence analysis using MEGA 11.0, Geneious 9.0.2 and DNASTAR software. Neutralization epitopes of VP7 and VP4 (VP8*) were analyzed using BioEdit v. 7.0.9.0 and PyMOL v. 2.5.2.Results:In this study, FJ21351116 was shown to be a G3-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 genotype, and the result of phylogenetic tree showed that the VP7, VP4, VP3, and NSP2-NSP5 genes of the FJ21351116 strain were related to the equine-like DS-1-like G3P[8] genes that have been detected in Japan in recent years. VP6, VP1, VP2, and NSP1 genes are closely related to G2P[4] in most countries, especially in Singapore, suggesting that this strain was formed by genetic reassortment during the evolution of equine-like G3P[8] and G2P[4]. Evolutionary relationships between the VP7/VP4 genes of FJ21351116 and Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines suggest that the multiple mutations in both VP7 and VP4 (VP8*) neutralizing antigenic epitopes and vaccine amino acid sites. It is hypothesized that the Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines may be less effective against equine DS-1-like G3P[8] RVA, and the sequence differences with Rotarix are higher than those with RotaTeq.Conclusions:In this study, we found a rare case of DS-1-like G3P [8] RVA strain in China. Currently, horse-like DS-1-like G3P [8] RVA is relatively rare in China and may be poorly protected by vaccine strains, emphasizing the importance of continuous monitoring of RVA strains and the development of efficient and full-coverage RVA vaccines.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of Li-Dan-He-Ji in the treatment of infantile cholestatic hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: Patients who met the diagnostic criteria of infantile cholestatic hepatic fibrosis in the department of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine and the department of gastroenterology of Wuhan Children's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January to December 2021 were included in the study by prospective randomized controlled trial. They were divided into the conventional treatment group and Li-Dan-He-Ji group according to the random number table. The patients in the conventional treatment group were given conventional treatment according to the guidelines. In the Li-Dan-He-Ji group, the self-made Chinese medicinal compound Li-Dan-He-Ji (prescription: Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Fructus Forsythiae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei preparata, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Fructus Aurantii, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Carapax Trionycis, and Radix Glycyrrhizae) was given on the basis of the routine treatment, by oral, enema or nasal feeding, 60 mL each day, divided into 2 or 3 times, for 28 days. Outpatient follow-up was maintained for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, serum liver fibrosis 4 items [type IV collagen (IV-C), hyaluronidase (HA), type III procollagen (PC III), laminin (LN)], liver function and cholestasis-related markers [total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), total bile acid (TBA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH)], liver stiffness measurement (LSM) detected by transient elastography (TE), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and liver and spleen retraction time were recorded in the two groups. RESULTS: During the observation period, a total of 40 cases of cholestatic hepatic fibrosis were treated, including 21 cases in the conventional treatment group and 19 cases in the Li-Dan-He-Ji group. Before treatment, the differences in serum liver fibrosis 4 items, serum liver function and cholestasis-related markers, oxidative stress indexes, LSM and APRI of the two groups were not statistically significant. After treatment, the liver fibrosis 4 items, liver function and cholestasis-related markers, LSM, and APRI were all significantly decreased in both groups, and the indexes in the Li-Dan-He-Ji group were significantly lower than those in the conventional treatment group [HA (ng/L): 165.81±21.57 vs. 203.87±25.88, PC III (μg/L): 69.86±9.32 vs. 81.82±7.39, IV-C (μg/L): 204.14±38.97 vs. 239.08±24.93, LN (μg/L): 162.40±17.39 vs. 190.86±15.97, TBil (μmol/L): 37.58±27.63 vs. 53.06±45.09, DBil (μmol/L): 20.55±19.34 vs. 30.08±27.39, ALP (U/L): 436.50±217.58 vs. 469.60±291.69, γ-GGT (U/L): 66.78±35.84 vs. 87.00±32.82, ALT (U/L): 64.75±50.53 vs. 75.20±50.19, AST (U/L): 77.25±54.23 vs. 96.80±59.77, TBA (μmol/L): 74.35±44.44 vs. 85.45±39.50, LSM (kPa): 5.24±0.39 vs. 7.53±3.16, APRI: 0.52±0.39 vs. 0.98±0.29, all P < 0.05]. After treatment, MDA in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and SOD and GSH were significantly higher than those before treatment. The level of SOD in the Li-Dan-He-Ji group was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group (kU/L: 64.56±6.69 vs. 51.58±5.98, P < 0.05). In addition, the liver retraction time (day: 20.13±10.97 vs. 24.33±13.46) and spleen retraction time (day: 25.93±13.01 vs. 29.14±14.52) in the Li-Dan-He-Ji group were significantly shorter than those in the conventional treatment group (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of Li-Dan-He-Ji in the treatment of cholestatic hepatic fibrosis can effectively improve the indicators of cholestasis, hepatic fibrosis, oxidative stress and clinical symptoms in children.
Child ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Cholestasis/pathology* ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy* ; Bilirubin/pharmacology* ; Oxidative Stress ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism*

Objective: Subthreshold attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been suggested to be a “morbid condition” which also needs medical attention. Methods: The present study recruited 89 children with subthreshold ADHD (sADHD), 115 children with diagnosed ADHD (cADHD), and 79 healthy controls (HC) to explore the clinical manifestation, executive functions (EFs) of sADHD, and the caregiver strain. The clinical manifestation was evaluated through clinical interviews and parent-reports. Executive functions were assessed both experimentally and ecologically. Caregiver strain was measured by a parent-reported questionnaire. Results: For the clinical manifestation, both sADHD and cADHD indicated impairments when compared with HC. The comorbidities and the scaled symptoms indicated that the externalizing behaviors were relatively less serious in sADHD than cADHD, whereas the internalizing behaviors between two groups were comparable. For ecological EFs, sADHD scored between cADHD and HC in inhibition and working memory. For experimental EFs, sADHD was comparable to cADHD in inhibition, shifting, and was worse than cADHD in verbal working memory. For the caregiver strain, all scores of sADHD were between that in cADHD and that in HC. Conclusion Our present findings supported the suggestion of subthreshold ADHD as “morbid condition,” which should be treated with caution in clinical practice, especially for the internalizing behaviors and some key components of EFs.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the real experience of conscious patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during hospitalization.Methods:Qualitative researches on the real experience of conscious patients in ICU during hospitalization were searched through computer on China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and so on. The search period was from the establishment of the database to April 30, 2022. The quality evaluation was conducted using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia. The aggregation integration method was used to summarize and integrate the results.Results:A total of 12 articles were included, and 54 results were extracted and categorized into 11 categories. Four integrated outcomes were formed, including physiological discomfort, psychological discomfort, desire for support, active response and self-reflection.Conclusions:ICU conscious patients experience severe physiological and psychological discomfort during hospitalization. While patients themselves actively respond, medical and nursing staff should further provide high-quality nursing care and psychological counseling to patients, optimize their support system, improve the hospitalization experience of ICU patients, and promote disease recovery.

Objective:To systematically synthesize qualitative research on the emotional experience of fathers of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), so as to provide a basis for the care guidance and psychological care of fathers of premature infants.Methods:The articles on the qualitative study of emotional experience of fathers of premature infants in NICU were systematically searched through computers in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biomedical Medline Disc. The search period was from the establishment of the database to May 15, 2022. The article quality evaluation was conducted using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia. The aggregation integration method was used to summarize and synthesize the results.Results:A total of 9 articles were included, 33 research results were extracted, summarized into 9 categories, and ultimately integrated into 3 synthesized results, namely facing multiple pressures and challenges, craving support, actively responding and reflecting on growth.Conclusions:The fathers of NICU premature infants have heavy physical and mental burdens, and hope to receive support from multiple parties. It is recommended that medical and nursing staff pay attention to the inner experiences and needs of fathers of NICU premature infants, optimize the support system, and improve their coping ability and promote their mental health.

At present, the exact pathogenesis of dental fluorosis is not clear, and there is no exact standard of enamel acid etching in the adhesive restoration of dental fluorosis. Atomic force microscope represents a great progress in high-resolution imaging of biomaterials, and its advantage is that it can provide three-dimensional images and quantitative data of observed samples at the nanometer level. In recent years, the application of atomic force microscope in enamel study has made some progress. Whether the quantitative analysis of enamel ultrastructure can become a new way to study the pathogenesis of dental fluorosis and find the best repair method is worthy of further exploration. This paper reviews the application of atomic force microscope in the study of enamel with dental fluorosis.

Preeclampsia is the main cause of poor maternal-fetal outcomes. A series of cell and animal experiments, and a small number of clinical studies have shown that pravastatin can prevent and treat preeclampsia by regulating angiogenesis, increasing the expression of heme oxygenase, and stimulating the production of nitric oxide without any reported adverse effects during pregnancy. We review the latest progress on the mechanism, effect, and safety of pravastatin in the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the co st-utility of bivalent human papilloma virus （HPV）vaccine for 12-year-old girls in China and provide economic evidence for health service decision makers. METHODS ：The CERVIVAC model was used to simulate the population of 12-year-old girls in China for a long time until all the population entered a state of death （1 year as a cycle ）. The cost and health output of the people in experimental group who received the bivalent HPV vaccine and the control group who did not receive the vaccine were calculated separately ， and the economics was judged combined with willingness to pay threshold [WTP ，1 time of China ’s per capita gross domestic product （GDP）in 2019]. RESULTS ：During the simulation period ， the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio （ICER） of the experimental group compared with the control group was 28 660.56 yuan/QALY，which was less than WTP and had pharmacoeconomic advantages. The results of single-factor sensitivity analysis showed that the five parameters that had a greater impact on ICER were discount rate ，the proportion of HPV- 16/HPV-18-induced cervical cancer ，vaccine effective rate ，direct economic burden of early/in situ cancer each year and the direct economic burden of advanced/metastatic cancer each year. The results of probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that the experimental group was more acceptable（74％）than the control group when using 1 time of China ’s per capita GDP in 2019 as WTP ；the experimental group had a greater cost-utility advantage when WTP was higher than 25 876 yuan/QALY. CONCLUSIONS ：For the prevention of cervical cancer，the bivalent HPV vaccine for 12-year-old girls in China has more cost-utility advantages than no vaccine intervention.

Objective:To assess the translation activity of circ-PTPN22, and to investigate its relationship with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .Methods:From May 10, 2019 to September 30, 2019, whole blood samples were collected from 6 female patients with SLE and 9 healthy female controls in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, and Physical Examination Center of Southwest Hospital, respectively. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from these blood samples, and PBMCs from 3 cases of SLE and 3 healthy controls were sorted into T, B and NK cells by using magnetic beads. The circ-PTPN22 internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) sequence and protein sequence translated from it were predicted in the circRNADb database, rabbit anti-circ-PTPN22pro polyclonal antibodies were prepared against the specific amino acid sequence at the circ-PTPN22 splice site, and Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of circ-PTPN22pro in PBMCs and T, B and NK cell subsets of the healthy controls and patients with SLE. Cultured Jurkat cells were divided into 4 groups to be transfected with recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying circ-PTPN22-FLAG, circ-PTPN22-NC-FLAG, circ-PTPN22-shRNA-FLAG, circ-PTPN22-shRNA-NC-FLAG respectively, with the normally cultured cells as the cell control group. Then, Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of circ-PTPN22pro in Jurkat cells, flow cytometry to evaluate the effect of circ-PTPN22 on cell activation and apoptosis. Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and two-independent-sample t test. Results:Based on the circRNADb database, circ-PTPN22 was predicted to have a translation ability, and Western blot analysis showed that the relative molecular mass of circ-PTPN22pro was 20 000. Forty-eight hours after transfection, circ-PTPN22pro expression was significantly higher in the circ-PTPN22-FLAG group than in the circ-PTPN22-NC-FLAG group and cell control group. At 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection, the interleukin 2 (IL-2) expression was significantly lower in the circ-PTPN22 group (22.20% ± 8.92%, 31.10% ± 5.88%, 53.20% ± 10.25%, respectively) than in the circ-PTPN22-NC Group (30.90% ± 11.00%, 51.23% ± 10.70%, 69.67% ± 9.00%, respectively; F = 284.881, P = 0.003) , but significantly higher in the circ-PTPN22-shRNA group (35.57% ± 8.79%, 78.10% ± 10.08%, 88.63% ± 3.89%, respectively) than in the circ-PTPN22-shRNA-NC group (26.73% ± 4.92%, 41.03% ± 10.45%, 41.33% ± 4.96%, respectively; F = 293.818, P = 0.003) . After 48, 72 and 96 hours after transfection, the apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the circ-PTPN22 group than in the circ-PTPN22-NC group ( F = 81.287, P = 0.012) , as well as in the circ-PTPN22-shRNA group than in the circ-PTPN22-shRNA-NC group ( F = 111.813, P = 0.009) . The SLE group showed decreased (almost no) circ-PTPN22pro expression in PBMCs compared with the healthy control group. The circ-PTPN22pro expression in T and B cells was significantly lower in the SLE group than in the healthy control group ( t = 3.047, 4.806, both P <0.05) , and there was no significant difference in the circ-PTPN22pro expression in NK cells between the two groups ( t = 0.582, P > 0.05) . Conclusions:Circ-PTPN22 can be translated into circ-PTPN22pro protein, and can inhibit the activation of Jurkat cells. The circ-PTPN22pro expression is lower in PBMCs of the SLE patients than in those of the healthy controls, suggesting that circ-PTPN22 may be related to the occurrence and development of SLE.