Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapy has unique clinical advantages in the treatment of atrial fibrillation， mainly reflected in five aspects， improving quality of life， enabling early diagnosis and treatment， promoting cardiac rehabilitation， making up for the limitations of Western medicine， and improving the success rate of catheter ablation. However， there is insufficient evidence in current clinical research. Based on the current status of TCM research in the treatment of atrial fibrillation， it is suggested that future studies should focus on standardized research on syndrome differentiation and classification. This can be achieved through clinical epidemiological surveys， expert consensus， and other methods to establish a unified syndrome differentiation and classification standard for atrial fibrillation. Clinical efficacy evaluation indicators should be standardized， and core outcome measures for clinical research on TCM treatment of atrial fibrillation should be developed through systematic reviews， patient interviews， and other methods. Additionally， clinical research design， implementation， and data management should be improved. By leveraging modern information technologies such as artificial intelligence， the scientific and standardized nature of TCM intervention research on atrial fibrillation can be enhanced， ultimately improving the quality of research.

Objective By using CiteSpace-based visualization analysis to investigate the main research contents,research frontiers,author cooperation network and institutional cooperation network of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment for patients after receiving percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)so as to provide reference for the TCM diagnosis,treatment and research of patients after receiving PCI.Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning TCM treatment of patients after receiving PCI from CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases was conducted.The retrieved literature materials were input into NoteExpress software to make the literature screening and the data cleaning.CiteSpace software was used to analyze the key words,authors,institutions,etc.Results A total of 1 708 articles were obtained;the number of published articles in 2020 was the largest,which was up to 137 articles.The core authors accounted for 4.37％of the total number of authors who had written articles,but no core author group had been formed yet.Liaoning province of China was the region where the number of published articles was the largest,and there was no effective collaboration network between different areas.The cluster analysis yielded 25 clusters,448 key nodes and 1 266 lines.The main cluster results were coronary heart disease,acute coronary syndrome,acute myocardial infarction,restenosis,etc.The analysis of emergent words(i.e.the suddenly increased frequency of a certain key word in a certain period)yielded 24 emergent words,including syndrome differentiation of TCM,ginseng peony oral liquid,cardiac rehabilitation,etc.Conclusion The main research contents of TCM treatment for patients after PCI include syndrome differentiation of TCM,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical trials,etc.Postoperative pathological phenomena such as restenosis are the research difficulties in this field,and anxiety,dual-mind TCM,and cardiac rehabilitation are the current research hotspots.TCM has definite efficacy in promoting the recovery of cardiac function after PCI,in reducing the incidence of postoperative events such as restenosis,and in improving anxiety and depression.

Objective: Understanding mental health status of students with learning disabilities in Beijing to provide a basis for mental health promotion of students with learning disabilities. Methods: By means of random cluster sampling, 5 787 enrolled students in grade one and grade two of 11 public junior middle schools in Beijing were selected as the survey subjects. A self designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ learning disabilities and mental health status through anonymous self filling. Results: About 11.6% students self reported learning disabilities. The proportions of students with learning difficulty in mathematical reasoning and calculation were higher, 44.1% and 40.7% respectively. The reported rate of mental health problems was 38.3%. The top four of the 10 symptoms were obsessive compulsive symptoms, learning pressure, emotional instability and anxiety(2.19±0.77)(2.17±0.99)(2.09±0.90)(2.07±1.08). Compared with students without learning disabilities, students with self reported learning disabilities had poorer mental health status(OR=1.47), and learning disabilities were related to most factors of mental health. Different types of learning disabilities were associated with different mental health factors. Conclusion Mental health problems of students with learning disabilities are higher than that of students without learning disabilities. It is necessary to strengthen the mental health support for students with learning disabilities and improve their mental health.

Dysphagia is one of the widespread diseases in the aged which can lead to severe complications, such as aspiration pneumonia, even asphyxia. Therefore, early screening of dysphagia is vital for the aged. This paper reviewed the dysphagia screening scale for the aged at home and abroad so as to provide a reference for clinical workers to select the dysphagia screening scale and a thinking for the development of dysphagia risk assessment tools for the aged in China.

Objective: To compare the chemical components in raw products and characteristic processed products with porcine cardiac blood of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from Menghe medical school.Method: The ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC^® C₁₈ column (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (A)-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution (B) for gradient elution (0-1 min,8% B,1-1.5 min,8%-20% B,1.5-4 min,20% B,4-5 min,20%-60% B,5-9 min,60%-70% B,9-10 min,70%-95% B,10-13 min,95% B).The column temperature was 40℃ and the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1.Q-TOF/MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) and scanning range of m/z 50-1 200 were applied for analysis under positive and negative ion mode,respectively.All ionic peaks were assigned by comparison of reference substances,mass spectra data,database matching and literature reference,changes of chemical components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were investigated by comparing number and area of ionic peaks before and after processing.Result: A total of 59 components were identified from raw products and characteristic processed products,and peak areas of 25 components showed obvious change.However,there were no new compound was found in characteristic processed products.After being processed with porcine cardiac blood,the contents of water-soluble ingredients (protocatechuic aldehyde,salvianolic acid C,F,G),fat-soluble ingredients (tanshinaldehyde,tanshindiol A,tanshinone Ⅰ) and amino acid (L-phenylalanine) in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were significantly increased.Conclusion: Changes of contents of chemical components in raw products and processed products of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are remarkable,part of water-soluble ingredients,fat-soluble ingredients and amino acids have quantitative change,which may be related to promoting treatment of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on cerebral ischemia after being processed with porcine cardiac blood.

Objective To explore the effects of nursing specialty construction on vascular crisis in patients after replantation of severed finger.Methods A case control study was conducted, and 151 patients ( 203 fingers) of microsurgery in a hospital from January to December 2015 were selected as the observation group, and 143 patients ( 195 fingers) were selected as the control group. Patients in the control group received routine postoperative nursing, while patients in the observation group were given special technologies and special nursing measures which included " self-help pain management techniques""decubitus nursing technology" " warm comfortable security technologies" " cut flush bloodletting technologies" and "five-love service" through the construction of special nursing specialty; SPSS 17. 0 statistical software was used to analyze the incidence rate of vascular crisis in two groups. Results In the observation group, 151 cases, 203 fingers received replantation, and the incidence rate of arterial crisis was 2.0%;the incidence rate of venous crisis was 2.5%. In the control group, 143 cases, 195 fingers received replantation and the incidence rate of arterial crisis was 7.7%;the incidence rate of venous crisis was 9.2%. According to the statistical analysis, there was significant difference between two groups ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions Through the construction of nursing specialty, the implementation of special nursing technology and special nursing service, can effectively reduce the incidence of vascular crisis and improve the innovation ability and professional level of the nurses, and promote the sustainable development of nursing.

OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the clinical features and treatment methods of the inflammatory reaction associated with cochlear implants, and analyzes the possible pathogenesis and related factors. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed postoperative inflammation cases from February 2002 to October 2013 among 825 cochlear implantation patients. Their symptoms, signs and treatment processes and outcomes were described and summarized. RESULT: Incidence of implants related inflammatory reaction was 1.58%. The onset time ranged from 2 months to 11 years post-operatively. There were 6 cases of implants related non-infectious inflammation, with an incidence of 0.73% (6 of 825). Post auricular swelling and subcutaneous non-infectious discharge were found in all these 6 cases. Pressure dressing with bandage and steroid, antihistamine medications was effective. There were 7 cases of post auricular infection, with an incidence of 0.85%, resulted from flap trauma or acute otitis media. Antibiotics and drainage was used for them to treat the infection, and rotation scalp flaps were used to cover the exposed device. Five of these cases were cured but cochlear implants had to be removed out in the other 2 cases of staphylococcus aureus infection. CONCLUSION Cochlear implantation surgery is safe and effective for profound deafness. However, the implants-related non-infectious and infectious inflammatory reaction impacts the effect of cochlear implants, even lead to removal of the implants.
Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Inflammation ; epidemiology ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different malleus treatments on the postoperative efficacy in the tympanosclerosis patients receiving ossicular chain reconstruction. METHOD: Fifty-nine patients (62 ears) with tympanosclerosis were treated by ossicular chain reconstruction. All the patients were divided into three groups, including malleus removal group (A, 24 ears), retaining only the malleus handle group (B, 18 ears) and the intact malleus group (C, 20 ears). All the patients were followed up 3 months pre-operation, 3 months and 1 year post-operation by audiometric measurement (the average hearing threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 kHz HI). Tympanic membrane was examined by ear endoscope. RESULT: The pre-operation mean air bone gap (ABG) in these groups were 40.07 +/- 77.56 dB, 37.31 +/- 76.45 dB, and 36.75 +/- 76.72 dB, among which the difference had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). At 3 months after operation, the ABG in all cases was improved at 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz. The difference of ABG improvement among these three groups had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). One year after surgery, the ABG of the three groups were decreased by 17.92 +/- 9.28 dB, 16.76 +/- 5.19 dB and 10.58 +/- 7.38 dB respectively. The hearing improvement in group C is less than the other two groups (P = 0.03, P = 0.016). The difference of hearing improvement between group A and group B had no statistical significance(P > 0.05). Group A and group B each have one case of tympanic membrane perforation and artificial ossicle falling off. CONCLUSION The operating processes of malleus in ossicular chain reconstruction of patients with tympanosclerosis were introduced. In terms of short-term efficacy, the three groups showed no significant difference. However, the long-term efficacy of the patients in the group A and group B were better compared with the group C.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malleus ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Myringosclerosis ; surgery ; Ossicular Replacement ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of double fill nine tastes soup in treating children recurrent respiratory infection (RRTI) and the change of immune function.

METHOD77 RRTI patients were randomly selected into observation and control groups. The observation group was treated with Chinese medicine- double fill nine tastes soup,water frying points 2 times oral. The control was treated with transfer factor oral liquid,every 10 mL,2 times daily oral. Treatment periods were both two months. IgA, IgG, IgM and IL-12, TNF-alpha, INF-gamma were detected before and after treatment to assess the clinical effects and the changes of immune factors, meanwhile, a health group was established.

RESULTBefore treatment, compared with the health group, the serum IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE, IL-12, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma in both groups were significantly different (P < 0.01). After treatment, the ratio of IgA, IgG, Ig M, IL-12, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma in two groups were significantly different (P < 0.01). Compared with the recurrence rate and clinical effects, the observation group was better than control, and the differences were significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDouble fill nine tastes soup has significant effects in treating recurrent respiratory infection (RRI) and enhance the immune function in children.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Infant ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the related parameters of the temporal bone structure for determining the position of implanting electrode into the scala tympani in cochlear implantation surgery through the facial recess and epitympanum approach.

METHODSIn a surgical simulation experiment, 20 human temporal bones were studied and measured to determine the related parameters of the temporal bone structure.

RESULTSThe distance 5.91∓0.29 mm between the short process of the incus and the round window niche, 2.11∓0.18 mm between the stapes and the round window niche, 6.70∓0.19 mm between the facial nerve in the perpendicular paragraph and the round window niche, 2.22∓0.21 mm from the pyramidal eminence to the round window, and 2.16∓0.14 mm between the stapes and the round window. The minimal distance between the implanting electrode and the vestibular window was 2.12∓0.19 mm. The distance between the cochleariform process and the round window niche was 3.79∓0.17 mm. The position of the cochlear electrode array insertion into the second cochlear turn was 2.25∓0.13 mm under the stapes. The location of the cochlear electrode array insertion into the second cochlear turn was 2.28∓0.20 mm inferior to the pyramidal eminence.

CONCLUSIONThese parameters provide a reference value to determine the different positions of cochlear electrode array insertion into the scale tympani in different patients.

Adult ; Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Ear, Middle ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Round Window, Ear ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Scala Tympani ; anatomy & histology ; surgery