ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Wuhan from 2006 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of foodborne disease prevention and control measures. MethodsDescriptive statistical analyses were performed on foodborne disease outbreaks confirmed by the district and municipal center for disease control and prevention (CDC) in Wuhan from 2006 to 2023, and the attack rate and case fatality rate were calculated as well. ResultsA total of 182 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported in Wuhan from 2006 to 2023, with a cumulative of 2 820 cases. Among which, 3 cases were dead, with an annual average attack rate of 1.22% and a case fatality rate of 0.11%. The highest number of outbreaks occurred in collective canteens (43.96%, 80/182), the highest attack rate was observed in catering facilities (11.03%), and the highest case fatality rate was found in households (1.45%). Among the foodborne disease outbreaks with identified etiologies, microbial factors were the leading causes (36.26%, 66/182), with the main pathogens being norovirus, Bacillus cereus, and other unspecified bacteria. Fungal factors were mainly attributed to poisonous mushrooms, with a relatively high fatality rate of 2.22% (2/90). Outbreaks caused by bacterial factors were more common in the central urban area (30.28%, 33/109), while fungal-related outbreaks were more frequent in the outlying urban areas (24.66%, 18/73). ConclusionCollective canteens are the main venues for foodborne disease outbreaks in Wuhan. Microbial factors are the main pathogenic factors, and poisonous mushrooms are the leading causes to death. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision on collective canteens, carry out various forms of public awareness campaigns on poisonous mushroom poisoning, and, if required, cooperate with the gardening department to eradicate wild poisonous mushrooms in the green belts. A collaborative cooperation involving multiple departments is essential to reduce the occurrence of foodborne disease outbreaks.

Objective To explore the normal reference range of perchlorate content in the urine of primary school students, and compare whether there are differences in their urine perchlorate contents among different populations, and to provide reference for the health care of primary school students. Methods A total of 441 primary school students aged 6 to 15 years old in a certain city were selected, and their urine samples were collected. The contents of perchlorate in the urine were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and the measurement data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results There was no significant gender difference in the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students, but there was an age difference. The normal reference range for the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students aged 6-9 years old was 0-99.09 μg/L, and the normal reference range for the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students aged 10-15 years old was 0-74.56 μg/L. Conclusion Through the measurement and analysis of a large number of samples, a normal reference range for the content of urinary perchlorate in primary school students have been recommended.

Objective To explore the normal reference range of perchlorate content in the urine of primary school students, and compare whether there are differences in their urine perchlorate contents among different populations, and to provide reference for the health care of primary school students. Methods A total of 441 primary school students aged 6 to 15 years old in a certain city were selected, and their urine samples were collected. The contents of perchlorate in the urine were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and the measurement data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results There was no significant gender difference in the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students, but there was an age difference. The normal reference range for the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students aged 6-9 years old was 0-99.09 μg/L, and the normal reference range for the content of perchlorate in the urine of primary school students aged 10-15 years old was 0-74.56 μg/L. Conclusion Through the measurement and analysis of a large number of samples, a normal reference range for the content of urinary perchlorate in primary school students have been recommended.

Objective: To investigate the association of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with insomnia and depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students from Yunnan Province, so as to provide evidence to guide interventions for the treatment of these symptoms in this population. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 firstgrade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province were selected by cluster random sampling. Depressive symptoms, SSB consumption, and insomnia symptoms among students were evaluated by the Child Depression Scale (CDI), dietary frequency questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between SSB consumption, insomnia, depressive symptoms, and their interaction effects among students. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 28.3%, and having insomnia symptoms ( OR=6.07, 95%CI =5.46-6.75), consuming carbonated beverages ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.08-1.34), tea ( OR=1.13, 95%CI =1.02-1.25), energy drinks ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.23-1.50), and other beverages ( OR=1.32, 95%CI =1.19-1.45) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students ( P < 0.05). Carbonated beverages (additive effect: OR=2.96, 95%CI =2.72-3.22, multiplicative effect: OR=4.75, 95%CI =4.25- 5.32 ), fruit drinks (additive effect: OR=2.61, 95%CI =2.40-2.82; multiplicative effect: OR=4.43, 95%CI =3.94-4.97), tea (additive effect: OR=2.70, 95%CI =2.47-2.89; multiplicative effect: OR=4.34, 95%CI =3.86-4.89), energy drinks (additive effect: OR=2.82, 95%CI =2.61-3.05; multiplicative effect: OR=4.48, 95%CI =3.92-5.12), sweetened milk (additive effect: OR= 2.73, 95%CI =2.06-2.96; multiplicative effect: OR=4.61, 95%CI =4.12-5.17) and other beverages (additive effect: OR= 2.73 , 95%CI =2.53-2.95; multiplicative effect: OR=4.56, 95%CI =4.00-5.20) had both additive and multiplicative effects with insomnia, and increased the risk of depressive symptoms in first grade middle school students ( P <0.01). Conclusions The interaction between the consumption of SSB and insomnia symptoms may increase the risk of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province. It is necessary to advocate middle school students to reduce SSB intake, in order to decrease the occurrence of depressive symptoms among this population.

Objective: To investigate the effects of after school exercise service (referred to as the "after school ES") on physical health, so as to provide evidence for possible beneficial effect of after school ES. Methods: Students in the fourth grade of primary school were recruited from September 2021 to July 2022 in Changsha City and divided into the control group ( n =220) and the after school ES group ( n =220). The control group only participated in the regular physical education activities of the school. The after school ES group received after school ES for one academic year, 4 times a week, 40-50 minutes per time, for a total of 32 weeks. Body shape indicators such as height, weight and percentage of body fat, as well as physical fitness indicators such as 50 meter running, grip strength and progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run (PACER) were measured in September to October 2021 and June to July 2022, respectively. Independent sample t-test, Chi square test and two factors repeated measurement analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: After one academic year, compared with the control group [(13.52±2.30)kg], muscle mass of primary school students in the after school ES group [(13.76±2.32)kg] significantly increased, while waist to hip ratio [(0.95±0.16)] and percentage of body fat [(20.17±7.43)%] significantly decreased compared to the control group [(1.01±0.21), (22.02±12.34)%]( F=330.70, 6.85, 4.33, P <0.05). The proportion of overweight and obesity in after school ES group decreased significantly from 19.5% to 12.3% ( χ 2=4.35, P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the scores of 50 meter running [(10.00±1.06, 10.21±0.83)s], 1 minute sit up [(33.25±8.24, 30.76±9.34)times], sitting and flexion [(14.53±7.50, 8.59±6.32)cm], 1 minute rope skipping [(125.01±30.50, 115.97±32.09)times], eyes closed and single legged standing [(30.00±34.72, 25.72±23.82)s], selective response time [(635.66±91.72, 652.79±120.42)ms] and VO 2max [(45.31± 1.02 , 43.67±0.85)mL/(kg〖 ·min)] in the after school ES group were significantly improved, with statistical significance ( F= 5.32 , 443.14, 97.23, 814.07, 36.49, 6.11, 396.91, P <0.05). Conclusions After school ES can improve body shape of primary school students, reduce the risk of overweight and obesity and enhance physical fitness. It is recommended that schools should appropriately increase after school ES to promote physical fitness of students.

Objective To investigate the effect of cisplatin treatment on the transcriptional level of human liver cancer cells by conducting transcriptome sequencing analysis after treating human liver cancer cell lines with differ-ent concentrations of cisplatin(CDDP).Methods Liver cancer cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 were incubated with cisplatin at different final concentrations of 0,20,50,100 and 200 μmol/L.After 12 hours,cell viability,immuno-fluorescence and RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq)were performed.Differential gene expression analysis(DEG),KEGG pathway analysis,and protein-protein interaction network analysis were conducted.Results Cisplatin de-creased cell viability and increased DNA damage in HepG2,Huh7 cells.Among the genes regulated after cisplatin treatment at different concentrations,59 genes were commonly up-regulated in both HepG2 and Huh7 cells,while 81 genes were commonly down-regulated.The commonly upregulated genes were mainly enriched in cancer initiation and progression pathways.The 81 commonly down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in Rap1 signaling pathway,Ras signaling pathway,signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells,axon guidance,and cell adhesion-related pathways.Survival analysis of key nodes in the protein-protein interaction network of commonly up-regulated and downregulated genes revealed a significant correlation between high expression of Jun proto-oncogene,AP-1 transcription factor subunit(JUN)and prolonged patient survival and a significant correlation between low ex-pression of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha(GADD45A)and prolonged patient survival.Conclu-sions The study revealed common transcriptional changes in liver cancer cells under cisplatin treatment.Differential expression of JUN and GADD45A is a potential core mechanism to explain drug resistance.This conclusion provides some important prognostic indicators for clinical treatment.

Coronary heart disease is a physical and mental disease that is often combined with mental disorders such as depression,anxiety,sleep disorders,and stress,affecting the patient's prognosis.This review introduces the common mental disorders of patients with coronary heart disease,the types,characteristics and application status of digital and intelligent intervention technology,and analyzes the challenges of digital and intelligent intervention technology in the development of mental disorders in coronary heart disease,with a view to providing new information technology-driven nursing practice ideas and directions.

Objective:To explore the current status and training needs of nurses' knowledge, belief, and behavior regarding the good limb positioning in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods:From November to December 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 1 708 nurses from 30 ClassⅢ hospitals in 17 provinces across the country, who worked in departments such as Neurology and Rehabilitation. The self-designed General Information Questionnaire, Knowledge, Belief and Behavior Questionnaire for Putting Good Limb Position in Clinical Nurses, and self-designed Training Status and Needs Questionnaire for Good Limb Positioning were used for online surveys. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of nurses' knowledge, belief, and behavior in good limb positioning.Results:A total of 1 622 valid questionnaires were collected. Nurses scored (135.64±25.93) on the Knowledge, Belief and Behavior Questionnaire for Putting Good Limb Position in Clinical Nurses, with the lowest score rate of 65.65% in the knowledge subscale and the highest score rate of 88.16% in the belief subscale. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, working years, department, and whether they received training were the influencing factors of nurses' knowledge, belief, and behavior in good limb positioning ( P<0.05). 92.23% (1 496/1 622) of nurses were willing to receive training on good limb positioning, and 70.10% (1 137/1 622) of nurses participated in training on good limb positioning. Conclusions:Nurses generally have a moderate level of knowledge, belief, and behavior towards the good limb positioning, with room for improvement in their knowledge and behavior. However, their belief is relatively positive. Nursing managers should actively carry out training on good limb positioning based on the different characteristics and needs of nurses, improve their ability to good limb positioning.

ObjectiveTo analyze the surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Wuhan to investigate the temporal, spatial, and demographic distribution of foodborne disease in Wuhan, so as to provide an evidence for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. MethodsData were collected through the foodborne disease surveillance network system and analyzed statistically. Stool, blood, rectal swabs, and vomitus samples from some diarrhea cases were collected for pathogens detection, including Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and norovirus. ResultsA total of 14 733 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Wuhan from 2019 to 2022, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶0.92. The highest incidence was 3.58 per 10 000 person-years in 2019 and the lowest was 2.19 per 10 000 person-years in 2020. The peak incidence occurred from June to October. Higher incidence rates were observed in central districts such as Jiang’an District, Wuchang District, and Caidian District. The age group with the highest incidence was 20‒29 years, while the age group with the highest total pathogen detection rate was 0‒9 years old. The affected population primarily included middle school students, household workers, and unemployed individuals, and children living at home. Suspected food sources were mainly vegetarian, other miscellaneous foods, and animal-based food. Of the 3 499 biological samples collected, 1 820 of them was conducted a detection for norovirus, the overall detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 22.89% (801/3 499), with detection rates of Salmonella and Escherichia coli at 19.23% (673/3 499) and 3.03% (106/3 499), respectively. The detection rate of norovirus was 4.12% (75/1 820). The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in biological samples of the patients who consumed infant food, milk, and egg-based foods was higher, at 53.33% and 42.93%, respectively. In terms of detected pathogens, the highest detection rate of Salmonella was found in the biological samples of patients who consumed infant food, milk, and egg-based foods, the highest detection rate of Escherichia coli was found in the biological samples of patients who consumed milk, egg, and animal-based foods, while Vibrio parahaemolyticus and norovirus had higher detection rates in patients who consumed beverages and alcoholic drinks. Suspected food sources were often found in food services, retail or farmer products markets, and homemade food. Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli were detected more frequently from June to September, while norovirus was detected more frequently in winter and spring. ConclusionThe population aged between 0‒29 years in Wuhan is the key high-risk group for foodborne diseases. Salmonella, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, and norovirus are the main pathogens causing foodborne diseases in Wuhan. Market supervision departments should focus on strengthening the regulation of infant food.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion for ulcerative colitis (UC) and elucidate its mechanism by targeting the vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathway. Methods: A total of 63 patients with UC were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, treated with herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion) and a control group (33 cases, treated with sham herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion). Moxibustion treatment was performed at Qihai (CV6) and bilateral Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37), 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The total effective rate, visual analog scale (VAS) score for abdominal bloating and pain, and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) score were compared between the two groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the concentrations of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and interleukin-12 (IL-12)/interleukin-23 (IL-23) p40. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression levels of VDR and regenerating gene Ⅳ (Reg Ⅳ) proteins in colonic mucosa. The expression levels of VDR, cytochrome p45027B1 (CYP27B1), and Reg Ⅳ mRNAs were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitive polymerase chain reaction. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 86.7％, which was significantly higher than 51.5％ in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores for abdominal bloating and pain in the observation group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), as well as the HADS-depression subscale (HADS-D) and HADS-anxiety subscale (HADS) scores (P<0.05), while only the VAS score for abdominal pain in the control group was reduced (P<0.05), and the improvements of the scores in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum CRP concentrations in both groups and the IL-12/IL-23 p40 concentration in the observation group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the concentrations in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of VDR protein and mRNA in the colon in both groups were all increased (P<0.01), and the expression levels of Reg Ⅳ protein and mRNA and CYP27B1 mRNA were all decreased in the two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the improvements in the observation group were more notable than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can effectively alleviate abdominal pain and diarrhea in patients with UC, improve depression and anxiety disorders, and regulate the expression of related proteins in the VDR signaling pathway. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting intestinal inflammation by reducing the release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12/IL-23 p40.