ObjectiveTo discuss the effects of Cistanches Herba phenylethanoid glycosides （CHPhGs） on the intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in alcoholic liver disease （ALD） mice were discussed. MethodThe 36 C57BL/6N female mice were randomly divided normal group， normal group of CHPhGs， model group， and low， medium， and high-dose groups （175， 350， 700 mg·kg^-1） of CHPhGs， with six mice in each group. The ALD mouse model was built using Lieber-Decarli alcohol liquid feed. The normal group and low， medium， and high-dose groups of CHPhGs were given CHPhGs by gavage daily. Serum aspartate aminotransferase aminotransferase （ALT）， alanine aminotransferase （AST）， triglycerides （TG）， and total cholesterol （TC） levels were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， lipopolysaccharide （LPS）， lipopolysaccharide-binding protein （LBP）， D-lactic acid （D-LA）， diamine oxidase （DAO）， and LBP of liver were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The levels of TG and TC in the liver were detected by colorimetry. Liver tissue was treated by oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The microstructure of jejunum epithelial cells was observed by electron microscope. Jejunum and colon were treated by HE staining and alcian blue-periodate-scheff (AB-PAS) staining staining， and mucin 2 （Muc2） was treated by immunohistochemistry. The intestinal contents of the normal group， normal group of CHPhGs， model group， and high-dose group of CHPhGs were collected and sequenced. ResultThe ALD model was established successfully. Compared with the normal group， the levels of serum ALT， AST， and TG， as well as the levels of liver TG and TC in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Histopathology showed that compared with the normal group， the liver cells in the model group showed obvious steatosis. Compared with the model group， the levels of serum TG and liver TG and TC in the low， medium， and high-dose groups of CHPhGs decreased significantly （P<0.05）. The serum ALT， AST， TNF-α， IL-1β， LPS， and LBP in the high-dose group of CHPhGs were also significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The number of liver cells with steatosis in the high-dose group of CHPhGs was significantly reduced， and the microvilli structure of jejunum epithelial cells was basically intact. The expression of Muc2 was reduced in the colon， and the gut microbiota of the high-dose group of CHPhGs changed significantly （P<0.05）. Compared with the normal group， the Allobaculum was significantly up-regulated in the model group （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the abundance of Akkermansia in the high-dose group of CHPhGs was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The abundance of Akkermansia was negatively correlated with that of Allobaculum （r=-0.701， P<0.01）. ConclusionCHPhGs can reduce the intestinal barrier injury caused by ALD， which may play a protective role by regulating the abundance and structure of Akkermansia and Allobaculum and affecting the homeostasis of intestinal mucus.

Objective To investigate the role of hydrogen therapy in reducing radiation-induced lung injury and the specific mechanism. Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, model group, hydrogen therapy group I, and hydrogen therapy group II. A mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury was established. The pathological changes in the lung tissue of the mice were examined with HE staining. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of surface markers of M1 and M2 macrophages to observe macrophage polarization. The expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-10 in the lung tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry. The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and phosphorylated NF-κB (P-NF-κB) p65 was measured by Western blot. Results HE staining showed that compared with the control group, the model group exhibited alveolar septal swelling and thickening, vascular dilatation and congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue; the hydrogen groups had significantly reduced pathological damage and inflammatory response than the model group, with more improvements in hydrogen group II than in hydrogen group I. Immunohistochemical results showed that compared with those in the control group, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased in the model group; the hydrogen groups showed significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and a significantly increased level of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 than the model group, which were more marked in hydrogen group II than in hydrogen group I. Immunofluorescence results showed that compared with the control group, the expression of the surface marker of M1 macrophages in the model group was significantly upregulated; the hydrogen groups showed significantly downregulated M1 marker and significantly upregulated M2 marker, and hydrogen group II showed significantly increased M2 marker compared with hydrogen group I. Western blot results showed that compared with that in the control group, the ratio of P-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in the model group was significantly increased; the P-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 ratio was significantly reduced in the hydrogen groups than in the model group, and was significantly lower in hydrogen group II than in hydrogen group I. Conclusion Hydrogen inhalation therapy may reduce the inflammatory response of radiation-induced lung injury by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote the polarization of the macrophage M1 subtype to the M2 subtype.

Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is an infectious disease that most often affects the lungs. China is still among the high-burden tuberculosis countries in the world. Although the estimated incidence of tuberculosis in China has declined in recent years, the declining rate is slow. It still faces major issues such as a slower rate of decline, a widening gap between estimated and notified incidence, higher risk among middle-aged and older adults, a high number of cases among agriculture and related workers, and a heavier disease burden in the country's western regions. In addition, latent tuberculosis infection, drug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis coinfection with HIV, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis have also exacerbated the disease burden of tuberculosis to some extent. This paper reviewed the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis, the epidemiological triad, three links and two factors in the transmission process, the disease burden, and other aspects to provide a reference for formulating prevention and control strategies on tuberculosis.

Behavioral activation therapy is a short-term psychological treatment for depression.It has achieved positive results in the treatment of depression due to its simplicity and low treatment cost.Driven by the development of information technology and the aging of population,behavioral activation therapy is constantly innovated to meet the needs of depression treatment.This article reviews the application of behavioral activation therapy in depression treatment,and focuses on the innovative application progress based on the analysis of the connotation and current status of behavioral activation therapy.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of miRNAs in alcoholic liver injury in rats.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into model and control groups.The model group was gavaged with 56%liquor and the control group was gavaged with distilled water for 8 weeks.Liver tissue was collected,miRNAs were analyzed,and target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by a rat miRNA chip.Gene ontology(GO)and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to understand the function of differentially expressed miRNA target genes.A differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA-pathway regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape to further screen important regulatory miRNAs versus important pathways.RT-qPCR was performed for selected miRNAs to validate the expression analysis.Results Twelve differentially expressed miRNAs(P<0.05,Fold change≥2)were screened out,including two upregulated and 10 downregulated miRNAs by comparative analysis of microarray data between model and control groups.GO classification annotation of differential miRNA target genes showed close associations between differentially expressed miRNAs and biological functions such as signal transduction,metabolic processes,antioxidant activity,cell killing,enzyme regulatory activity and biological regulation.Differentially expressed miRNA target genes in KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the AMPK signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Hippo signaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,cancer,autophagy,insulin resistance,Ras signaling pathway,and other signaling pathways might play major regulatory roles in alcoholic liver injury lesions.Hub miRNAs and pathways screened by constructing the differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA-pathway regulatory network were miR-145-5p,miR-107-3p,miR-297,Hippo signaling pathway,cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,and AMPK signaling pathway.qRT-PCR validated the gene expression trends,and gene chip result were consistent.Conclusions We established an miRNA profile of alcoholic liver injury in rats,which suggests that miR-145-5p,miR-107-3p,and miR-297 play major roles in the process of alcoholic liver pathology.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in a radiation-induced lung injury model. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided by body weight into control group (no intervention) and model group (single chest X-ray irradiation with a dose of 20 Gy to build a radiation-induced lung injury model). The mice were dissected five weeks after irradiation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the lung tissue and the deposition of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of the inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the lung tissue. qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression of CIRBP mRNA in the lung tissue. The expression of CIRBP protein in the lung tissue was determined by the immunofluorescence assay and Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the model group showed significant pulmonary vascular congestion, significant inflammatory cell infiltration, significant thickening of some alveolar septa, significantly increased IL-6 expression [(129.41 ± 5.58) vs (187.22 ± 34.77), t = 3.179, P < 0.05], significantly increased TNF-α expression [(137.52 ± 23.53) vs (187.02 ± 19.16), t = 5.069, P < 0.05], significantly increased CIRBP mRNA expression [(1 ± 0.08) vs (1.97 ± 0.39), t = 3.45, P < 0.05], and significantly increased CIRBP protein expression [(9.32 ± 1.26) vs (14.76 ± 1.61), t = 3.751, P < 0.05], by the immunofluorescence assay; [(1.13 ± 0.17) vs (1.49 ± 0.14), t = 2.819, P < 0.05], by Western blot). Conclusion The expression of CIRBP is significantly increased in the radiation-induced lung injury model, which may be an important pro-inflammatory factor in radiation-induced lung injury.

Aiming at the current situation of high cost, huge volume, complex operation and difficulty in real application of pulse analyzer, this study designs and implements a portable pulse detection system based on IoT. The design utilizes Raspberry Pi 3B+, STM32 series MCU and cloud server to collect, store, display and recognize pulse signals at CUN, GUAN and CHI. The system is small in size and low in cost, which can be connected with cloud server through network to make full use of resources. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of the main feature points of the pulse signal by the portable pulse analyzer is higher than 97%, which has a broad prospect of development and application.
Computers ; Heart Rate

The high incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and high mortality of critical patients have posed a great challenge to global public health resources. Currently there are no specific antiviral drugs and vaccines available for COVID-19, which has drawn the attention to the usefulness of convalescent plasma (CP) again, so the application of CP in the adult patients with COVID-19 is reviewed. The main contents include the possible mechanism of CP, the evidence of CP in the treatment of COVID-19 patients, the safety of clinical application of CP and the main factors affecting the clinical effect of CP, which may provide some basis for clinicians to choose CP for the treatment of adult patients with COVID-19.

Functional imaging plays an important role in lung cancer radiotherapy.Functional imaging techniques include single photon emission computed tomography,positron emission tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and computed tomography.Using lung function information provided by these techniques for lung cancer radiotherapy can better protect the normal function of lung tissue,optimize the radiotherapy program,and reduce the incidence of radiation pneumonitis.With the development of perfusion and imaging technology,functional imaging technology is expected to be widely used in the precise radiotherapy of lung cancer in the future.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of HPV genotyping with cytology for detecting cervical precancer among women attending co-testing. Methods: A total of 2 883 females who participated in cervical cancer screening program were recruited from Erdos in 2016. All the participants were tested by cytology and HPV genotyping. In 2017, women with abnormal cytology results or HPV positive were followed up. Pathological cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ was the study end-point. Clinical performance indexes were calculated, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, referral rate and missed cases. Results: INNO-LiPA resulted in a detection rate of 18.87%(544/2 883) for the 14-type high risk HPV. HPV16 was the most common infectious genotype (4.06%), followed by HPV52 (3.61%), HPV51 (2.50%), HPV58 (1.98%), and HPV18 (1.56%). With more HPV genotypes added into the group, sensitivity increased and the specificity decreased. Addition of HPV16, 58, 33, 39, 52, 18, 31 for detection lead to the maximun value of area under the curve (AUC)=0.913 (95%CI: 0.882-0.944). Compared with traditional screening method by cytology, cotesting decreased the number of missed diagnosis. Meanwhile, the fifth method (co-testing: triage of women with HPV16/18+ , cytological minor abnormalities and HPV58, 33, 39, 52, 31+ or cytological high grade abnormalities) did not increase referral rate (8.99% vs. 8.71%, P=0.525), with five cases of missed diagnosis (sensitivity of 92.1% and specificity of 93.2%). Conclusions Co-testing with triage of women with HPV16/18+ , cytological minor abnormalities and HPV58, 33, 39, 52, 31+ or cytological high grade abnormalities would provide better clinical performance. In co-testing, triage of HPV16/18 was used in women with normal cytology; triage of HPV58, 33, 39, 52 and 31 was used in women with low-grade abnormal cytology; referral colposcopy was used in women with high-grade abnormal cytology, which would provide better clinical performance.