Objective This study aims to explore the research hotspots and trends of Polygoni Multiflori Radix(processed)and provide a reference for follow-up research by bibliometric visualization analysis.Methods Relevant Polygoni Multiflori Radix literatures were collected through databases such as PubMed,Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.Use CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software to do bibliometric analysis on the number and years of articles,research fields,countries/regions,institutions,authors,keywords,co-citation references,and build visual maps.Results A total of 1 517 literatures(1 131 Chinese literatures and 386 English literatures)were searched through databases in this review.We therefore conducted a quantitative analysis of accessible literature published over the last 30 years found that a very modest upward trend in publication volume from Chinese and a notable increase in publication over the world.Among the author teams,there was some cooperation,and the author team with the most published papers cooperated more closely,such as XIAO Xiao-he and WANG Jia-bo's team.In particular reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency by processing,and the toxicity and the rationalusage of Polygoni Multiflori Radix were a main research direction for nearly ten years.Meanwhile,through the co-occurrence analysis of keywords,we constructed and visualized a keyword network to explore the hotspots and future directions of Polygoni Multiflori Radix.We clearly found that effective and toxic homologous components,molecular mechanisms and early warning surveillance of hepatotoxicity might be the next topics for Polygoni Multiflori Radix.Conclusion The research on the homologous chemical components of Polygoni Multiflori Radix(processed)has been very active.The research on the conversion relationship and mechanism of homologous components of Polygoni Multiflori Radix(processed)and the mechanism of hepatotoxicity will be the research focus and development trend in this field.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Astragaloside Ⅳ liposomes for influenza A virus infection in mice.Methods Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group(10 mice)and modeling group(40 mice).The modeling group mice were injected with A/PR/8/34(H1N1)influenza virus liquid via nasal drip.The modeling mice were randomly divided into model group,Oseltamivir group,and Astragaloside Ⅳ Liposomes high-and low-dose groups,with 10 mice in each group.The drug was administered by gavage two hours after infection for five days continuously.The appearance of the mice was observed,the body mass,survival condition and lung index as well as viral load in lung were assessed,pathological feature of lung tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method,and mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1),macrophage inflammatory protein 1β(MIP-1β),and interferon γ(IFN-γ),CXC chemokine ligand 1(CXCL-1),interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1β in lung tissues were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)method.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to detect the contents of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)and regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted(RANTES)in mouse lung tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,mice in the model group showed significant decrease of body mass,shortened survival time(P＜0.001),significantly increased lung index(P＜0.001),significantly increased viral load in lung(P＜0.001),and significantly increased mRNA expression levels of MIP-1β,IFN-γ,CXCL-1,IL-6,IL-1β and MCP-1 in lung tissue(P＜0.05 or P＜0.001),and the structure destruction of lung tissue could be seen in pathology.Compared with the model group,mice in the Astragaloside Ⅳ liposomes high-dose group showed that the decrease in body mass was slowed down,the survival time and survival rate were higher(P＜0.05),and the lung index was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the viral load in lung was decreased(P＜0.001)and the mRNA expression levels of MIP-1β,IFN-γ,CXCL-1,IL-6,IL-1β and MCP-1 in lung tissue were decreased,and the alveolar structure was relatively intact,and a little connective tissue hyperplasia was seen.Conclusion Astragaloside Ⅳ liposomes can improve the survival time and reduce the viral load of lung tissue in mice with influenza A virus infection,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expression of inflammatory factors,thus playing an antiviral role.

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)commonly used dietary assessments including 24-hour dietary recall(24 h DR)/3-day dietary recall(3DDR),food frequency questionnaire(FFQ),dietary records,and estimation of dietary protein intake based on nitrogen balance.Given the high prevalence of CKD patients in Asian population and the scarcity of research using FFQ method,it is crucial to develop an FFQ suitable for Chinese CKD patients.This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of dietary assessment methods for CKD,the current research status,and the content and steps involved in establishing an FFQ,with the aim of providing reference for the modification of FFQ for Chinese CKD patients.

Objective:To observe the changes in the nutritional status of pediatric patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)for one year,and to analyze the risk factors.Methods:We collected data from 88 pediatric patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the Department of Hematology and Oncology in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between May 2018 and November 2022.All pediatric patients underwent nutritional status analysis before transplantation,at enrollment,3 months,6 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT.Linear regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for growth rate.Results:The body mass index Z score(BMI-Z)before allo-HSCT was(0.096±1.349),and decreased to(-0.258±1.438)、(-0.715±1.432)、(-0.584±1.444)at enrollment,3 months,6 months after allo-HSCT,and(-0.130±1.317)at 1 year after allo-HSCT(P<0.001).There was no significant change in BMI-Z between pre-transplantation and 1 year after transplantation(P=1.000).Height for age Z score(HAZ)before transplantation was(0.137±1.305)and decreased to(-0.083±1.267)、(-0.221±1.299)、(-0.269±1.282)in 3 months,6 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT(P<0.001).Multivariate linear regression showed that age≥10 years old(P=0.015)and chronic graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD)(P=0.005)were independent risk factors for change in HAZ.Conclusion:The BMI-Z of pediatric patients treated with allo-HSCT returned to the pre-transplantation level after one year,while HAZ continued to decrease.Allo-HSCT may cause impaired growth rate in pediatric patients.Attention should be paid to HAZ changes in pediatric patients before and after allo-HSCT,especially in pediatric patients≥10 years old of age and those with cGVHD.Effective nutritional intervention should be provided in time.

Objective To compare the changes of the medical animal resources(MAR)in Sichuan based on the data of the 3rd Chinese Materia Medica Resource Inventory(CMMRI,1983-1986)and the 4th CMMRI(2020-2022).Methods After field investigation and identification of the photos of the animals,the data of the MAR in Sichuan found in the 4th CMMRI were analyzed and compared with the data of 3rd CMMRI.Results 745 species of MAR were found in Sichuan during the 4th CMMRI,including 212 families and 468 genera.Compared with the 108 species found in 3rd CMMRI,the number of MAR in Sichuan had greatly increased,The Aves was found to have 243 species of MAR,which is the most plenty one among the 7 classes.There were 14 families which have more than 10 species of MAR.The family,Cyprinidae had 48 species of MAR.There were 33 common Chinese medicinal herbs and 3 genuine medicinal materials including Cordyceps sinensis,musk and Venenum bufonis were found in this investigation.The new distributions of Liangshan Cordyceps and Cordyceps gunnii were found in the investigation,and the new resources of Atypus heterothecus was found in Mountain Emei.There were 140 species of key protection of wild medicinal animals,including 44 species of animals under first-class protection and 96 species of animals under second-class protection.There were 230 species of animals which had important ecological,scientific,and social values,too.Conclusion Sichuan was plenty of medical animal resources and the protection of the forest musk deer,the Cordyceps sinensis and the pangolin was need to be strengthened.

Objective:To screen interleukin(IL)-1β secretion-related membrane transporters by macrophage experiment in vitro and conventional knockout mice.Methods:THP-1 cell line was differentiated to obtain human THP-1-derived macrophages,and the primary macrophages were obtained from human peripheral blood.FVB wild-type mice with the same sex and age were used as the controls of MRP1 knockout mice.The macrophages in abdominal cavity and bone marrow of mice were cultivated.The cells were treated with ABCC1/MRP1,ABCG2/BCRP,ABCB1/P-gp,OATP1B1,and MATE transporter inhibitors,then stimulated by lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate.The secretion level of IL-iβ was detected by ELISA,Western blot,and immunofluorescence.Results:After inhibiting ABCC1/MRP1 transporter,the secretion of IL-1β decreased significantly,while inhibition of the other 4 transporters had no effect.In animal experiment,the level of IL-1 β secreted by macrophages in bone marrow of MRP1 knockout mice was significantly lower than control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:ABCC1/MRP1 transporter is a newly discovered IL-1β secretion pathway,which is expected to become a new target for solving clinical problems such as cytokine release syndrome.