Objectives: ：Maltreatment is one of representative risk factor for psychiatric illnesses. While several studies indicate the relationship between physical activity and maltreatment, there was lack of study using objective measurements. This study was conducted to find the biomarkers of physical activity related to maltreatment experiences in healthy adults using wearable device. Methods: ：A total of 60 healthy adults were recruited; 15 subjects reported maltreatment experiences. Physical activity and sleep data were collected using Fitbit for 2 weeks. Child maltreatment experiences were assessed by Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE). Symptoms were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Results: ：The child maltreatment group showed lower movement distance (p=0.025) and number of walks (p=0.010) compared to the control group. After controlling for anxiety and depressive symptoms in women, maltreatment group represented significant reduction in light activities (p=0.021) as well as movement distance (p=0.024) and number of walks (p=0.011). There was no significant difference in sleep variables between the two groups. Conclusions ：Even in healthy participants, maltreatment experiences can negatively affect daily light physical activity.

Background: Early identification of patients with high-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) that is likely to progress has become a critical challenge. We aimed to identify somatic mutations associated with lateral neck lymph node (LN) metastasis (N1b) in patients with PTMC. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 14 PTMCs with no LN metastasis (N0) and 13 N1b PTMCs was performed using primary tumors and matched normal thyroid tissues. Results: The mutational burden was comparable in N0 and N1b tumors, as the median number of mutations was 23 (range, 12 to 46) in N0 and 24 (range, 12 to 50) in N1b PTMC (P=0.918). The most frequent mutations were detected in PGS1, SLC4A8, DAAM2, and HELZ in N1b PTMCs alone, and the K158Q mutation in PGS1 (four patients, Fisher’s exact test P=0.041) was significantly enriched in N1b PTMCs. Based on pathway analysis, somatic mutations belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase-RAS and NOTCH pathways were most frequently affected in N1b PTMCs. We identified four mutations that are predicted to be pathogenic in four genes based on Clinvar and Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion score: BRAF, USH2A, CFTR, and PHIP. A missense mutation in CFTR and a nonsense mutation in PHIP were detected in N1b PTMCs only, although in one case each. BRAF mutation was detected in both N0 and N1b PTMCs. Conclusion This first comprehensive WES analysis of the mutational landscape of N0 and N1b PTMCs identified pathogenic genes that affect biological functions associated with the aggressive phenotype of PTMC.

Objectives: ：An increasing number of people are affected by sleep problems every year. The current study presents findings from experiments that utilize a mobile application-based cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia (CBT-I). Methods: ：Our application aims to alleviate insomnia symptoms by providing real-time and direct interventions in people’s daily lives. We recruited 50 participants to test the effectiveness of the app via a six-week-long prospective experiment. Results: ：We find that insomnia symptoms are reduced significantly for both the treatment group, who used the app, and the control group, who watched educational videos [F(2,39)=60.82, p<0.001]. Sleep efficiency improved more quickly in the treatment group than in the control group. Participants who followed higher compliance to the intervention reduced their wake after sleep onset (WASO) time more substantially. Conclusion ：Our results suggest that app-based CBT-I interventions may have additional benefits for enhancing objective sleep quality, including sleep efficiency or WASO, compared to sleep hygiene education. The preliminary findings of the current research shed light on future mobile intervention apps’ design choices for insomnia.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the criteria for predicting invasive lesions with preoperative breast MRI in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) histopathologically diagnosed with biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative MRI findings of 80 percutaneous biopsy-proven DCIS. The morphological type, enhancement distribution and kinetics, and extent of the lesions were analyzed. We compared the results of pure DCIS and DCIS with invasive lesions. We evaluated the MRI criteria for predicting DCIS with invasive lesions and assessed its diagnostic performance. RESULTS: Of the 80 DCIS lesions analyzed, 27 contained co-existing invasive lesions and 49 were pure DCIS. No residual lesions after biopsy were seen in 4 cases. DCIS with invasive lesions showed washout kinetics more frequently and to a larger extent than did pure DCIS (p = 0.030 and p = 0.048, respectively). Using enhancement kinetics and the lesion cut-off value of 4 cm yielded the highest diagnostic performance, with 92.6% sensitivity and 93.8% negative predictive value for predicting invasive lesions. CONCLUSION Washout kinetics and the lesion extent of at least 4 cm are useful criteria for the prediction of co-existing invasive lesions in patients with DCIS diagnosed with biopsy.

A menu labeling initiative is a lawful regulation with an aim to promote public health by providing customers the right to make informed menu choices. As college years are a critical period in which students form dietary habits, which are sustained throughout their lives, provision of nutritional information at the university dining services is important to students' health and life. Due to the lack of research on menu labeling at university dining services, the purpose of this study was to examine college students' attitudes and motivations toward menu labeling at university dining services, as well as their use intentions toward nutrition information at university dining services. Data were collected from a self-administered survey distributed to 484 college students who had experienced university dining services. Motivations of university students toward menu labeling were categorized into ‘knowledge pursuit’ and ‘health pursuit’. Students' attitudes toward menu labeling had a positive effect on their intention to use menu labeling at university dining services. The findings of the study indicated that female students, or those who frequently used nutrition information, tended to have higher attitudes, motivations, and use intentions toward nutrition information. The study results suggest that facilitation of healthy eating environments at university dining services by offering nutrition information, and nutrition and health education is necessary.
Critical Period (Psychology) ; Eating ; Female ; Food Habits ; Health Education ; Humans ; Intention* ; Jurisprudence ; Public Health

No abstract available.