ObjectiveTo establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules， to quantitatively analyze 10 index components， and to evaluate the quality uniformity of samples from different batches. MethodsThe fingerprints and quantitative analysis of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules were established by a combination method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and charged aerosol detector（HPLC-DAD-CAD）， adenosine， guanosine， vanillic acid， safflomin A， agarotetrol， naringin， hesperidin， militarine， ginsenoside Rb₁， and glycyrrhizic acid were selected as quality attribute indexes. A total of 15 batches of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules from 2022 to 2024（3 boxes per batch） were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed， and the quality uniformity level of the manufacturers was characterized by parameters of intra-batch consistency（P_A） and inter-batch consistency（P_B）. The homogeneity and difference of quality attribute indexes of samples from different years were analyzed by heatmap clustering analysis. ResultsHPLC fingerprints and quantitative method of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules were established， and the methods could be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of this preparation， which was found to be stable and reliable by method validation. The similarity of fingerprints of 15 batches of samples was 0.887-0.975， a total of 13 common peaks were calibrated， and 10 common peaks were designated， all of which were quality attribute index components. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the contents of the above 10 ingredients in the samples were 0.038-0.078， 0.115-0.251， 0.007-0.018， 0.291-0.673， 0.122-0.257， 0.887-1.905， 1.841-3.364， 1.412-2.450， 2.207-3.112， 0.650-1.161， respectively. And the contents of ginsenoside Rb₁ and glycyrrhizic acid met the limit requirements in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. For the samples from 15 batches， the P_A values of the 10 index components were all <10%， indicating good intra-batch homogeneity， and the P_B values ranged from 33.86% to 92.97%， suggesting that the inter-batch homogeneity was poor. Heatmap clustering analysis showed that the samples from different years were clustered into separate categories， and adenosine， guanosine， safflomin A， naringin， hesperidin and agarotetrol were the main differential components. ConclusionThe intra-annual quality uniformity of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules is good and the inter-annual quality uniformity is insufficient， which may be related to the quality difference of Pinellinae Rhizoma Praeparatum， Carthami Flos， Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum， Citri Fructus， etc. In this study， the fingerprint and multi-indicator determination method of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules was established， which can be used for more accurate and efficient quality control and standardization enhancement.

ObjectiveTo explore quality difference factors of Perillae Caulis based on the contents of multiple chemical components and comprehensively evaluate the quality. MethodsA total of 32 batches of Perillae Caulis samples were collected from 12 producing areas such as Hebei， Anhui and Guangdong， and their diameter range， epidermis color and producing areas were recorded. Total flavonoids， total phenols， volatile oils， 5 active components and 84 volatile components in 32 batches of samples were quantitatively or semi-quantitatively determined by colorimetry， ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector（UPLC-PDA） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Then the differences between the contents of these components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and non-parametric test. According to the weights of the index components determined by PCA model， entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution（TOPSIS） model was constructed to evaluate the quality of Perillae Caulis with different characters and origins. ResultsThere were significant differences in the composition of Perillae Caulis with different diameters， epidermis colors and producing areas， and 9 differential components were screened out， including 6 index constituents（total flavonoids， total phenols， caffeic acid， scutellarin， rosmarinic acid and luteolin） and 3 volatile components（caryophyllene oxide， （-）-humulene epoxide Ⅱ， 14-hydroxycaryophyllene）， of which 6 index constituents were higher in samples with small diameter， purple-brown epidermis and southern origin， while the contents of 3 volatile components were higher in samples with large diameter， dark-brown epidermis and northern origin. A significant difference was shown in the model scores of different diameters， epidermis colors and origins（P<0.05）， and the scores of Perillae Caulis with small diameter and purple-brown epidermis from southern area， especially Guangdong， had a high score. ConclusionThere are significant differences in the composition and content of chemical constituents between different diameters， epidermal colors and production areas of Perillae Caulis， samples showing small diameter， owing purple-brown epidermis， and originating from Guangdong were of higher-quality due to their higher content of 8 key indices.

ObjectiveTo explore quality difference factors of Perillae Caulis based on the contents of multiple chemical components and comprehensively evaluate the quality. MethodsA total of 32 batches of Perillae Caulis samples were collected from 12 producing areas such as Hebei， Anhui and Guangdong， and their diameter range， epidermis color and producing areas were recorded. Total flavonoids， total phenols， volatile oils， 5 active components and 84 volatile components in 32 batches of samples were quantitatively or semi-quantitatively determined by colorimetry， ultra performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector（UPLC-PDA） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Then the differences between the contents of these components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and non-parametric test. According to the weights of the index components determined by PCA model， entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution（TOPSIS） model was constructed to evaluate the quality of Perillae Caulis with different characters and origins. ResultsThere were significant differences in the composition of Perillae Caulis with different diameters， epidermis colors and producing areas， and 9 differential components were screened out， including 6 index constituents（total flavonoids， total phenols， caffeic acid， scutellarin， rosmarinic acid and luteolin） and 3 volatile components（caryophyllene oxide， （-）-humulene epoxide Ⅱ， 14-hydroxycaryophyllene）， of which 6 index constituents were higher in samples with small diameter， purple-brown epidermis and southern origin， while the contents of 3 volatile components were higher in samples with large diameter， dark-brown epidermis and northern origin. A significant difference was shown in the model scores of different diameters， epidermis colors and origins（P<0.05）， and the scores of Perillae Caulis with small diameter and purple-brown epidermis from southern area， especially Guangdong， had a high score. ConclusionThere are significant differences in the composition and content of chemical constituents between different diameters， epidermal colors and production areas of Perillae Caulis， samples showing small diameter， owing purple-brown epidermis， and originating from Guangdong were of higher-quality due to their higher content of 8 key indices.

Objective To investigate the microbiota composition and diversity between autogenous and anautogenous Culex pipiens pallens, so as to provide insights into unraveling the pathogenesis of autogeny in Cx. pipiens pallens. Methods Autogenous and anautogenous adult Cx. pipiens pallens samples were collected at 25 ℃, and the hypervariable regions of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene was sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing platform. The microbiota abundance and diversity were evaluated using the alpha diversity index, and the difference in the microbiota structure was examined using the beta diversity index. The microbiota with significant differences in the abundance between autogenous and anautogenous adult Cx. pipiens pallens samples was identified using the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). Results The microbiota in autogenous and anautogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples belonged to 18 phyla, 28 classes, 70 orders, 113 families, and 170 genera, and the dominant phyla included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and so on. At the genus level, Wolbachia was a common dominant genus, and the relative abundance was (77.6 ± 11.3)% in autogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples and (47.5 ± 8.5)% in anautogenous mosquito samples, while Faecalibaculum (0.4% ± 0.1%), Dubosiella (0.5% ± 0.0%) and Massilia (0.5% ± 0.1%) were specific species in autogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples. Alpha diversity analysis showed that higher Chao1 index and ACE index in autogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples than in anautogenous samples (both P values > 0.05), and lower Shannon index (P > 0.05) and Simpson index (P < 0.05) in autogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples than in anautogenous samples. LEfSe analysis showed a total of 48 significantly different taxa between autogenous and anautogenous Cx. pipiens pallens samples (all P values < 0.05). Conclusion There is a significant difference in the microbiota diversity between autogenous and anautogenous Cx. pipiens pallens.

Objective This study aims to establish a novel hyperglycemic obesity mouse model by utilizing Triacsin C, an inhibitor of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1), combined with a high-fat diet, to simulate the changes in adipose tissue and cardiac function observed in patients with obesity-related type 2 diabetes. MethodsTwenty adult SPF-grade male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups: the Control group (injected intraperitoneally with citric acid-sodium citrate buffer, Con group) and the TC group (injected intraperitoneally with Triacsin C, TC group). After four consecutive weeks of intraperitoneal injections, both groups were fed high-fat diets. Body weight and glucose tolerance of the mice were assessed every eight weeks. The models were considered successful if fasting blood glucose exceeded 8 mmol/L or blood glucose was above 15 mmol/L two hours after glucose injection. Cardiac function, including ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (EDIVS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular short-axis fractional shortening (FS), was measured by echocardiography. HE staining was used to detect the changes in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Immunofluorescence technology was used to analyze changes in CD31 and UCP1 in BAT. ACSL1 expression in myocardial tissue was tested by Western blotting. ResultsThe fasting blood glucose levels were (8.14±1.43) mmol/L in the Con group and (8.18±0.85) mmol/L in the TC group (P>0.05) , and the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were (19.8±4.01) mmol/L in the Con group and (22.60±3.97) mmol/L in the TC group (P<0.05). This indicated that both groups of diabetic mouse models were successfully established. Compared to the Con group, the TC group showed poor glucose tolerance; significant decreases in LVEDD, LVEF and FS (P<0.05); significant increases in WAT and BAT areas (P<0.05); significant decreases in CD31 and UCP1 expression (P<0.05); and a significant decrease in the expression of ACSL1 in myocardial tissues (P<0.05). ConclusionCompared with the high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes model, the new hyperglycemic obesity and cardiac dysfunction mouse model, created by the combination of Triacsin C and a high-fat diet, is feasible and allows for easier observation of brown adipose tissue whitening, insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound Xueshuantong combined with viaminate of oral lichen planus(OLP)complicated with chronic periodontitis(CP).Methods This study collected 305 patients with OLP and CP and randomly divided them into two groups.There were 156 patients in the observation group and 149 patients in the control group.All patients receive systemic treatment for CP.The control group was treated with viaminate capsules,and the observation group was treated with compound Xueshuantong Capsules combined with viaminate capsules.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Clinical efficacy,serum inflammatory factors[matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),IFN-gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin 6(IL-6)and IL-35],oral mucosal pain Visual Analogue Score(VAS),lesion area of OLP,periodontal condition,and adverse reactions were detected.Results Compared to the control group,the total effective rate in the observation group was higher(P<0.05).After treat-ment,serum MMP-3 and IL-6 levels,oral mucosal VAS score,lesion area of OLP,gingival index and probing depth all decreased in the two groups(P<0.05).The changes of above indicators were more significant in the observation group(P<0.05).There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Compound Xueshuantong combined with viaminate can effectively improve the symptoms of OLP complicated with CP,and alleviate inflammatory reactions,with good therapeutic effects.

Objective　To understand the infection status and typing of Wolbachia in Culex pipiens pallens population in coastal areas of Shandong Province, and to provide new research directions and theoretical basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods　From June 2022 to August 2023, mosquito samples were collected from 8 sites in four coastal cities of Yantai, Qingdao, Rizhao, and Dongying in Shandong Province by light lure method. The collected samples were identified as Culex pipiens pallens by combining morphological and molecular methods. Then, using the PCR detection method established by the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) gene sequence, the Wolbachia infection rate of Culex pipiens pallens collected in the field from 8 sites along the coast of Shandong Province was detected. In addition, the representative strain of Wolbachia was downloaded from the GenBank database, and the obtained gene sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using Mega5.2 software for typing. Results　Wolbachia infection was found in all four coastal areas of Shandong Province, with an average infection rate of 80.8% (261/323). Among them, Yanti had the highest infection rate of 100% (46/46), while Wulian County, Rizhao City had the lowest infection rate of 60.6% (20/33). A total of 12 wsp haplotypes were identified, with 92.5% infection rates for Hap1, 70.0% for Hap2, and lower rates for Hap3 to Hap12. From the perspective of haplotype sources, Hap1 was detected in all 8 sampling sites, while other haplotypes were only detected in some geographical populations of sampling sites. Among them, Dongying District, Dongying City had the highest haplotype diversity, with six haplotypes detected. Phylogenetic tree analysis concluded that the Wolbachia strains found in all eight sampling points belonged to group B. Conclusions　Infection of Wolbachia group B is common in Culex pipiens pallens in coastal areas of Shandong Province. Still, there are certain differences in the haplotypes of Wolbachia infections in different regions. This provides a valuable theoretical basis for targeted prevention and control of specific mosquito-borne diseases in the region．

Objective:To explore the neural mechanism of language dysfunction in patients with subacute stroke using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).Methods:Sixteen patients with non-fluent aphasia after subacute stroke (aphasia group), 16 patients with non-aphasia after stroke (non-aphasia group), and 16 healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects (control group) were enrolled into our study. The 6-min resting-state data of fNIRS were collected. Four language-related regions, Broca area, Wernicke area, dorso lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), were selected as regions of interest (ROIs), and the whole brain functional connection strength and functional connection strength in ROIs and between each two ROIs were analyzed by NirSpark software.Results:Compared with the control group (0.53±0.15) and non-aphasia group (0.47±0.12), the aphasia group had significantly decreased whole brain functional connection strength (0.29±0.14, P<0.05). Compared with the control group and non-aphasia group, the aphasia group had significantly decreased functional connection strength in the left Wernicke area, right Wernicke area, left Broca area, left SMA area, right SMA area and left DLPFC area ( P<0.05, FDR). Compared with the control group and non-aphasia group, the aphasia group had significantly decreased functional connection strength in the right Wernicke-left Wernicke area, right Wernicke-right Broca area, right Wernicke-left Broca area, right Wernicke-right DLPFC area, right Wernicke-left DLPFC area, right Wernicke-right SMA area, right Wernicke-left SMA area, left Wernicke-right Broca area, left Wernicke-left Broca area, left Wernicke-right DLPFC area, left Wernicke-left DLPFC, left Wernicke-right SMA area, left Wernicke-left SMA area, right Broca-left Broca area, right Broca-left DLPFC area, right Broca-right SMA area, right Broca-left SMA area, left Broca-right DLPFC area, left Broca-left DLPFC area, left Broca-right SMA area, left Broca-left SMA area, right DLPFC-left DLPFC area, right DLPFC-right SMA area, right DLPFC-left SMA area, left DLPFC-right SMA area, left DLPFC-left SMA area, and right SMA-left SMA area ( P<0.05, FDR). Conclusion:Abnormal functional connectivity strength of the whole brain and language-related key brain areas might be the neural mechanism of language dysfunction in patients with non-fluent aphasia after subacute stroke.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).Methods:Clinical data of 103 patients with ADPKD first admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from July 2017 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients in different renal function stages were analyzed, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors reflecting the severity of the disease.Results:Among the 103 patients with ADPKD, there were 49 males (47.6%), aged (51.23±10.99) years old. The extrarenal manifestation was mainly polycystic liver (64/71). The main clinical symptoms were gross hematuria (25 cases, 24.3%), lumbar distend and pain (37 cases, 35.9%) and hypertension (69 cases, 67.0%), appearing in the whole course of the disease. Early treatment was mainly drug conservative treatments (58 cases, 56.3%), followed by renal cyst aspiration (34 cases, 33.0%), and surgical treatments (11 cases, 10.7%). Patients in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 were mainly treated with conservative treatments (28/34). Laboratory examination results showed that hemoglobin, platelet, lymphocyte percentage and albumin in CKD stage 4-5 were lower than those in CKD stage 1-3 (all P<0.05) ; prothrombin time (PT), PT-international standardized ratio and plasma osmotic concentration in CKD stage 4-5 were higher than those in CKD stage 1-3 (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that hemoglobin ( β=0.249, P=0.005), platelet ( β=0.207, P=0.005), lymphocyte percentage ( β=0.305, P<0.001) and plasma osmotic concentration ( β=-0.362, P<0.001) were correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of ADPKD patients are hypertension, lumbar distend and pain, and gross hematuria, which can run through the whole stage of CKD. Polycystic liver is more common in extrarenal system. Hemoglobin, platelets, lymphocyte percentage and concentration osmotic concentration may be related to the disease progression of ADPKD.

As a low-load physiological monitoring technology, wearable devices can provide new methods for monitoring, evaluating and managing chronic diseases, which is a direction for the future development of monitoring technology. However, as a new type of monitoring technology, its clinical application mode and value are still unclear and need to be further explored. In this study, a central monitoring system based on wearable devices was built in the general ward (non-ICU ward) of PLA General Hospital, the value points of clinical application of wearable physiological monitoring technology were analyzed, and the system was combined with the treatment process and applied to clinical monitoring. The system is able to effectively collect data such as electrocardiogram, respiration, blood oxygen, pulse rate, and body position/movement to achieve real-time monitoring, prediction and early warning, and condition assessment. And since its operation from March 2018, 1 268 people (657 patients) have undergone wearable continuous physiological monitoring until January 2020, with data from a total of 1 198 people (632 cases) screened for signals through signal quality algorithms and manual interpretation were available for analysis, accounting for 94.48 % (96.19%) of the total. Through continuous physiological data analysis and manual correction, sleep apnea event, nocturnal hypoxemia, tachycardia, and ventricular premature beats were detected in 232 (36.65%), 58 (9.16%), 30 (4.74%), and 42 (6.64%) of the total patients, while the number of these abnormal events recorded in the archives was 4 (0.63%), 0 (0.00%), 24 (3.80%), and 15 (2.37%) cases. The statistical analysis of sleep apnea event outcomes revealed that patients with chronic diseases were more likely to have sleep apnea events than healthy individuals, and the incidence was higher in men (62.93%) than in women (37.07%). The results indicate that wearable physiological monitoring technology can provide a new monitoring mode for inpatients, capturing more abnormal events and provide richer information for clinical diagnosis and treatment through continuous physiological parameter analysis, and can be effectively integrated into existing medical processes. We will continue to explore the applicability of this new monitoring mode in different clinical scenarios to further enrich the clinical application of wearable technology and provide richer tools and methods for the monitoring, evaluation and management of chronic diseases.
Heart Rate ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Movement ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Wearable Electronic Devices