Objective To investigate the effect of high definition transcranial direct current stimulation(HD-tDCS)at different stim-ulation timings(online and offline)on finger motor skill learning in healthy adults. Methods From March to November,2022,31 right-handed male participants were recruited from Shenyang Sport Uni-versity and randomly assigned to three groups,who received online,offline or sham HD-tDCS respectively dur-ing the three-day sequential visual isometric pinch task learning process.The daily motor skill learning gains,to-tal motor skill learning gains and speed-accuracy function(SAF)were observed. Results The daily motor skill learning gains increased in all the groups,and it was the best in the online group(F=24.692,P<0.001);the learning gains were better in the online group than in the offline group(t=4.732,P<0.001)and the sham group(t=3.839,P=0.004)on the third day.The total motor skill learning gains were ranked as the online group=the offline group>the sham group.SAF data indicated that the online group outper-formed both the offline and sham groups. Conclusion HD-tDCS can promote the finger motor skill learning in healthy adults,and online HD-tDCS is more effec-tive.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease that poses a global public health threat.Rabies virus(RABV)is neurotropic and can cause severe neurological disorders and behavioral abnormalities in host,with a fatality rate nearly 100％.In order to identify the key genes for RABV affecting neuronal cell function,we established and analyzed the mRNA expression profile of Neuro-2a(N2a)cell in-fected with challenge virus standard(CVS)-11 by RNA sequencing(RNA-seq).Biological func-tions of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were determined by GO and KEGG enrichment a-nalysis.The results showed that there were 415 differentially expressed genes in N2a infected with CVS-11 strain,of which 89 were up-regulated and 326 were down-regulated.These genes were re-lated to a variety of biological processes,such as axon guidance pathway,cholesterol metabolism pathway,nitrogen metabolism pathway,and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis pathway,many of them have been shown to be closely associated with RABV infection.A total of 12 DEGs related to axon conduction,antigen processing and presentation pathways were selected and detected by real-time PCR,and their expression trends were consistent with the RNA-seq results.The genomic tran-scriptomic data on N2a cell under RABV infection will provide new clues for probing the mecha-nisms of RABV infection and transmission in the nervous system in the future.

Breast cancer has become the most common malignant tumor in the world. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a kind of molecular chaperone which can promote protein folding and maintain protein stability. HSP90 includes HSP90α, HSP90β, GRP94 and TRAP1 subtypes. Previous studies have found that the level of HSP90 is significantly increased in malignant tumors such as breast cancer, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Meanwhile, the research on inhibitors targeting HSP90 has also attracted much attention. In this paper, we reviewed the expression of four HSP90 subtypes in breast cancer and their relationship with the clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of patients, discussed the research progress of specific inhibitors of HSP90 subtypes in breast cancer, and analyzed the application prospect of HSP90 as biomarkers for breast cancer prognosis monitoring and therapeutic targets.

Sulfane sulfur species in the reactive sulfur species family include hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn, n ≥2), which play an essential role in physiological regulation and signal transduction. As a redox pair of H2S, H2Sn can be produced through oxidation or enzyme reaction and regulate protein interaction and enzyme activity.Research has revealed that H2Sn, with higher efficiency of protein S-sulfhydration than H2S, may be responsible for some physiological functions previously attributed to H2S.Therefore, real-time detection of H2Sn is crucial for studying its physiological activity and the relationship between H2S and H2Sn.Traditional detection methods, such as mass spectrometry, are not suitable for living organisms as they require tissue cell disruption.Instead, fluorescence probes are often used for in situ real-time detection due to their high sensitivity and specificity and low biological toxicity.This review summarizes the physiological regulatory activity of H2Sn, as well as the design strategy, response mechanism, fluorescence characteristics, and biological applications of H2Sn fluorescent probes based on the structure of the response group, with a prospect of the challenges and developments in this field.

ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of mindfulness yoga training on sleep quality in college students， so as to provide references for the intervention of sleep problems in college students. MethodsFrom March 28， 2021 to April 20， 2021， A sample of 45 college students with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） score ≥8 was recruited. Participants were randomly divided into study group （n=22） and control group （n=23）. Participants in the intervention group received mindfulness yoga training twice a week for 4 weeks. The control group did not receive mindfulness yoga training during the trial， but the same training would be given after the trial. Before and after the intervention， PSQI and the N-back training tasks were used to evaluate the sleep quality and working memory ability of the two groups. ResultsThe main effects of time on the PSQI total score， the accuracy and reaction time of N-back training task were statistically significant （F=37.240， 6.898， 10.775， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The main effects of grouping factors on PSQI total score and the accuracy of N-back training task were statistically significant （F=8.057， 11.093， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The interaction of time and group had statistical significance on PSQI total score and the response time of the N-back training task（F=32.730， 17.578， P<0.01）. After intervention， the PSQI total score of the study group was lower than that before intervention （F=69.898， P<0.01）， and the response time of N-back training task was shorter than that before intervention （F=27.939， P<0.01）， the differences were statistically significant. ConclusionGroup mindfulness yoga training may help improve the sleep quality of college students.

Objective:To investigate the prevention and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremity after medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO).Methods:A total of 128 patients who underwent medial open wedge HTO in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 45 males and 83 females, aged 59.3±6.8 years (range, 44-87 years). Postoperative anticoagulation with enoxaparin sodium was applied at a randomized dose of 4,000 AXaIU/d or 6,000 AXaIU/d. Gender, age, history of chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes), smoking history, body mass index, and body fat percentage were collected. On admission, the risk of DVT was assessed using the Caprini scale and calf circumference was measured. Hemoglobin, D-dimer, antithrombin III, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FIB), fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), glutathione, glutathione, urea, creatinine, uric acid were recorded. Patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to whether DVT occurred after operation. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of DVT after HTO. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze the predictive value of the postoperative Caprini scale in the occurrence of DVT after HTO.Results:A total of 128 patients were enrolled, 83 patients were treated with enoxaparin sodium 4 000 AXaIU/d and 45 patients were treated with enoxaparin sodium 6 000 AXaIU/d. According to the results of color Doppler examination of bilateral lower extremity veins on the third day after operation, DVT occurred in 39% (50/128) of patients, including 39 cases of calf intermuscular thrombosis, 6 cases of peroneal vein thrombosis, 4 cases of posterior tibial vein thrombosis, and 1 case of popliteal vein thrombosis. DVT occurred in 36% (30/83) of patients receiving 4 000 AXaIU/d enoxaparin sodium and 44% (20/45) of patients receiving 6 000 AXaIU/d enoxaparin sodium, with no statistically significant difference (χ 2=0.84, P=0.358). Univariate analysis showed that smoking history, postoperative Caprini scale≥8, and female may be associated with the development of DVT after HTO ( P<0.05). They were included in the binary logistic regression, and the results showed that postoperative Caprini scale≥8 was an independent risk factor for DVT after HTO. The ROC curve of postoperative Caprini scale for predicting DVT after HTO was drawn, and the AUC was 0.847 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.96), the optimal cut-off value was 8, and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.2% and 77.6%, respectively. Conclusion:Caprini scale≥8 is an independent risk factor for DVT after medial open wedge HTO. Caprini scale has a good value in predicting the occurrence of DVT after HTO. The recommended dose of enoxaparin sodium is 4 000 AXaIU/d for the prevention of postoperative DVT, and increasing the dose is not associated with a decreased risk of DVT.

Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of hepatectomy in the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis with secondary cavernous transformation of the portal vein.Methods:The clinical data of 7 patients undergoing surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:There were 1 case of cavernous type Ⅰ transformation of the portal vein and 6 cases of type Ⅱ. All patients underwent partial hepatectomy. The average operation time was (9.24±4.09) h. Two patients underwent resection of cavernous segment of portal vein and reconstruction by graft, Albendazole was taken orally for 2 years after discharge. Anticoagulants were taken orally in patients with artificial vascular reconstruction. No recurrence and vascular complications were found. Five patients underwent palliative resection without resection of the cavernous segment of the portal vein. During the follow-up, cavernous transformation of the portal vein progressed in 3 patients, 2 of them esophageal varices rupture and bleeding.Conclusion:Radical hepatectomy and revascularization are the first choice for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis complicated with secondary cavernous transformation of portal vein the result was fair.

Objective To investigate the training process of clinical practice ability in medical undergraduates in the context of tutorial system,as well as new clinical training models and evaluation methods.Methods A total of 40 medical undergraduates who entered the stage of clinical practice were randomly divided into tutorial group and control group,with 20 undergraduates in each group.A diversified evaluation system was used to perform a comprehensive evaluation of clinical practice ability of medical undergraduates at different stages,with a combination of professional theory examination,Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise,Direct Observation of Procedural Skills,and clinical case report.All the data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0,t test was used for statistical analysis.Results Compared with the control group after the internship ended,the tutorial group had significantly higher scores of clinical professional theory (86.24 ± 2.93),clinical practice ability (7.53 ± 0.48),clinical operation skills (4.35 ± 0.47),and clinical thinking ability (6.31 ± 0.52) (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of the tutorial training mode during the internship of medical undergraduates can improve their comprehensive qualities such as professional quality,medical theory,and practical skills.The diversified evaluation system can evaluate the teaching effect and reflect the cultivation of comprehensive quality among students.

Objective To compare the effects of remifentanil and fentanyl in urologic surgery under endoscopic anesthesia and the incidence of adverse reactions in patients.Methods A total of 170 patients undergoing urological surgery admitted to the Second People 's Hospital of Jinzhong from February 2015 to April 2016 were randomly divided into the study group and control group according to the digital table ,with 85cases in each group. Remifentanil and fentanyl was used in the study group and control group respectively .The preoperative anesthesia was performed in the patients who received anesthesia before and after tracheal intubation and before and after tracheal intubation,and the time of induction of anesthesia ,the operation time and the time of postoperative wakefulness were compared between the two groups.Pressure and heart rate changes ,the incidence of adverse reactions were recorded and compared between the two groups.The amount of anesthesia ,anesthesia surgery costs and the amount of bleeding during surgery were compared.Results The induction time of anesthesia in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (9.8min vs.6.9min,t＝12.029,P＜0.05).The mean arterial pressure and heart rate in the study group were significantly larger than those in the control group ( all P＜0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.9% vs.12.9%,χ2＝7.935,P＜0.05).The cost and blood loss of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (2 871.4 CNY vs.3 014.9 CNY;23.4mL vs.32.7mL,t＝20.391,17.907,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of remifentanil in preoperative anesthesia of urologic surgery can save time ,reduce the economic burden of patients and the incidence of adverse reactions in patients.It is worthy of widely recommended in clinic.

Sulfated polysaccharides are with hydroxyl group containing sulfate radicals, which can be obtained by natural extraction or chemical modification of sulfation. Recent studies have shown that sulfated polysaccharides exhibit different levels of antitumor activ-ity, especially in comparison with those before chemical modification; therefore, they have attracted wide attention. This article briefly reviewed the domestic and foreign researches on the antitumor effects of natural sulfated polysaccharides and chemical synthesized sul-fated polysaccharides in recent years.