Objective:To analyze the effects of blood collection fixture in arterial blood collection in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) and provide a basis for optimizing clinical nursing work.Methods:Totally 496 patients hospitalized in RICU between January and December 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the study group ( n=248) and the control group ( n=248) on the basis that their admission registration number is even or odd. Patients in the control group used traditional wrist cushion positioning and cotton swab presses to stop bleeding in performing radial puncture blood collection, while patients in the study group used home-made blood collection fixtures for blood collection. Puncture time, operation time of blood collection and the success rate of one-needle puncture were observed and compared between the two groups. The incidence rate of adverse puncture events such as blood extravasation, local ecchymosis at puncture sites and skin traction pain during the collection of arterial blood in RICU were observed and compared between the two groups. Results:Totally 2 110 blood samples were taken from the two groups, including 1 079 for the study group and 1 031 for the control group respectively. The puncture time and blood collection time in the study group were (2.46±0.38) min and (5.53±0.98) min respectively, both shorter than (4.02±0.43) min and (6.06±1.35) min in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The success rate of one-needle puncture in the study group was 95.74% (1 033/1 079) , which was higher than 82.93% (855/1 079) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The incidences of blood extravasation, local ecchymosis at puncture sites and skin traction pain in the study group were 2.50% (27/1 079) , 4.45% (48/1 079) , and 7.32% (79/1 079) , which were lower than 17.26% (178/1 031) , 16.10% (166/1 031) , and 28.81% (297/1 031) in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The use of blood collection fixtures in radial artery blood collection operation in RICU can improve the success rate of puncture, shorten the puncture time, save the time of blood collection operation, and reduce the incidence of adverse puncture events.