Objective To investigate the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City from 2019 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods By random cluster sampling , 7 schools in urban areas and 5 schools in suburban counties were selected to screen common diseases such as myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed for statistical analysis. Results A total of 17 023 primary and secondary school students were screened from 2019 to 2022. The overall detection rate of common diseases from high to low was myopia (54.12%), caries (36.75%), overweight (15.17%), obesity (11.88%), malnutrition (5.80%), and abnormal spinal curvature (3.49%). The detection rates of myopia and abnormal curvature of the spine showed an increasing trend with years and school stages, while the detection rates of malnutrition and dental caries showed a decreasing trend with years and school stages. The detection rates of overweight and obesity showed no trend difference with years, and the detection rates of obesity showed a decreasing trend with school stages. The rates of myopia, overweight and obesity were higher in urban areas than those in suburban counties, and the rate of dental caries was higher in suburban counties than that in urban areas. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and malnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls. The prevalence of myopia and dental caries in girls was higher than that in boys. The above differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Myopia, dental caries, obesity, and abnormal curvature of the spine are the current focus of the prevention and treatment of common diseases in students. There are great differences between different regions, school stages, and genders. The ^“tripartite linkage^” of schools, families, and communities should be achieved with the joint efforts of the education and health departments to actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the prevalence.

Cells undergo glucose metabolism reprogramming under the influence of the inflammatory microenvironment, changing their primary mode of energy supply from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. This process is involved in all stages of inflammation-related diseases development. Glucose metabolism reprogramming not only changes the metabolic pattern of individual cells, but also disrupts the metabolic homeostasis of the body microenvironment, which further promotes aerobic glycolysis and provides favourable conditions for the malignant progression of inflammation-related diseases. The metabolic enzymes, transporter proteins, and metabolites of aerobic glycolysis are all key signalling molecules, and drugs can inhibit aerobic glycolysis by targeting these specific key molecules to exert therapeutic effects. This paper reviews the impact of glucose metabolism reprogramming on the development of inflammation-related diseases such as inflammation-related tumours, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer's disease, and the therapeutic effects of drugs targeting glucose metabolism reprogramming on these diseases.

Objective To investigate whether Liuwei Dihuang Pills enhances the antigen cross-presenting ability of dendritic cell(DC)by increasing gap junctional intercellular communication(GJIC),and to explore the mechanisms involved.Methods Western Blot and immunofluorescence were used to observe the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum on the expression and membrane localisation of gap junction protein connexin43(Cx43)in mouse melanoma cells(B16);Calcein-AM/DiI fluorescence tracer assay was used to observe the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum on the function of GJIC in B16 cells;flow cytometry was used to observe the role of GJIC in the enhancement of DC antigen presenting ability by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;and propidium iodide(PI)/Hoechst staining assay was used to observe the immunocidal effect of CD8+ T-lymphocytes.Results Western Blot and immunofluorescence experiments showed that Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum led to the up-regulation of Cx43 expression;fluorescence tracer experiments proved that the GJIC function of B16 cells was significantly enhanced by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;flow cytometry analyses showed that the DC antigen-presenting ability was enhanced by Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum;and the results of PI/Hoechst staining showed that the immuno-killing effect of CD8+T-cells was more significant after the intervention of Liuwei Dihuang Pills-containing serum in B16-OVA.Conclusion Liuwei Dihuang Pills improve the GJIC function by up-regulating the Cx43 expression of melanoma cells,and then enhance the cross-presenting ability of DCs thus activating stronger CD8+ T-cell immunocidal responses.

Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disease with endometrial cell implantation outside the uterus.Angiogenesis is a major pathophysiology in endometriosis.Our previous studies have demon-strated that the prodrug of epigallocatechin gallate(ProEGCG)exhibits superior anti-endometriotic and anti-angiogenic effects compared to epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG).However,their direct binding targets and underlying mechanisms for the differential effects remain unknown.In this study,we demonstrated that oral ProEGCG can be effective in preventing and treating endometriosis.Additionally,1D and 2D Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration assay-based chemical proteomics identified metadherin(MTDH)and PX domain containing serine/threonine kinase-like(PXK)as novel binding targets of EGCG and ProEGCG,respectively.Computational simulation and BioLayer interferometry were used to confirm their binding affinity.Our results showed that MTDH-EGCG inhibited protein kinase B(Akt)-mediated angiogenesis,while PXK-ProEGCG inhibited epidermal growth factor(EGF)-mediated angiogenesis via the EGF/hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF-1a)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway.In vitro and in vivo knockdown assays and microvascular network imaging further confirmed the involvement of these signaling pathways.Moreover,our study demonstrated that ProEGCG has superior therapeutic effects than EGCG by targeting distinct signal transduction pathways and may act as a novel anti-angiogenic therapy for endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes after acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain in a real-world settings, and analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. METHODS: Based on CHUNBO platform, patients with pharyngeal pain who were candidates for acupoint application on the basis of physician-evaluation, were enrolled in a nationwide, prospective, 69-week multicenter observational study from August 2020 to February 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the confounding factors and the association rules were used to analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. Outcome assessments included the disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain (within 3, 7, and 14 days), disappearance time of pharyngeal pain, as well as adverse events. RESULTS: Of 7,699 enrolled participants, 6,693 (86.9%) received acupoint application and 1,450 (21.7%) with non-acupoint application. After PSM, there were 1,004 patients each in the application group (AG) and non-application group (NAG). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the AG at 3, 7, and 14 days were all higher than those in the NAG (P<0.05). The disappearance time of pharyngeal pain in the AG were shorter than that in the NAG (logrank P<0.001, hazard ratio=1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.41-1.63). The median age of effective cases was 4 years, mainly 3-6 years old (40.21%). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the application group with tonsil diseases was 2.19 times higher than that in the NAG (P<0.05). The commonly used acupoints for the effective cases were Tiantu (RN 22), Shenque (RN 8) and Dazhui (DU 14). The commonly used herbs for the effective cases were Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae. Among them, Natrii sulfas was applied to RN 8 most frequently (support 84.39%). A total of 1,324 (17.2%) patients experienced AEs, and mainly occurred in the AG, with significant difference in the incidence of AEs between goups (P<0.05). All AEs reported were the first grade, and the average regression days of AEs was 2.8 days. CONCLUSIONS Acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain resulted in improved effective rate and shortened duration, especially children aged 3-6 years old, and those with tonsil diseases. Acupoint of RN 22, RN 8 and DU 14, Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae were the most commonly used herbs in the treatment of pharyngeal pain.
Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Acupuncture Points ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Prospective Studies ; Pain

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside (TGW) in the treatment of psoriatic dermatitis from a cellular immunological perspective. METHODS: Mouse models of psoriatic dermatitis were established by imiquimod (IMQ). Twelve male BALB/c mice were assigned to IMQ or IMQ₊TGW groups according to a random number table. Histopathological changes in vivo were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ratios of immune cells and cytokines in mice, as well as PAM212 cell proliferation in vitro were assessed by flow cytometry. Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was determined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: TGW significantly ameliorated the severity of IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse skin lesions and restrained the activation of CD45⁺ cells, neutrophils and T lymphocytes (all P<0.01). Moreover, TGW significantly attenuated keratinocytes (KCs) proliferation and downregulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor α, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, it reduced the number of γ δ T17 cells in skin lesion of mice and draining lymph nodes (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS TGW improved psoriasis-like inflammation by inhibiting KCs proliferation, as well as the associated immune cells and cytokine expression. It inhibited IL-17 secretion from γ δ T cells, which improved the immune-inflammatory microenvironment of psoriasis.
Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Tripterygium ; Psoriasis/drug therapy* ; Keratinocytes ; Skin Diseases/metabolism* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Imiquimod/metabolism* ; Dermatitis/pathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Skin/metabolism*

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) plays a neuroprotective role in AD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MKP-1 on AD have not been extensively studied. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby repressing mRNA translation. Here, we reported that the microRNA-429-3p (miR-429-3p) was significantly increased in the brain of APP23/PS45 AD model mice and N2A^APP AD model cells. We further found that miR-429-3p could downregulate MKP-1 expression by directly binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR). Inhibition of miR-429-3p by its antagomir (A-miR-429) restored the expression of MKP-1 to a control level and consequently reduced the amyloidogenic processing of APP and Aβ accumulation. More importantly, intranasal administration of A-miR-429 successfully ameliorated the deficits of hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation and spatial learning and memory in AD model mice by suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2)-mediated GluA1 hyperphosphorylation at Ser831 site, thereby increasing the surface expression of GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). Together, these results demonstrate that inhibiting miR-429-3p to upregulate MKP-1 effectively improves cognitive and synaptic functions in AD model mice, suggesting that miR-429/MKP-1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（allo-HSCT）in children with severe aplastic anemia（SAA）.Methods:Twenty-seven cases with SAA who had been treated with allo-HSCT from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed.Results:（1）A total of 27 SAA patients were enrolled，including 18 males and 9 females，with a median age of 8 (2-15) years.There were 20 cases of SAA-Ⅰ type,7 cases of SAA-Ⅱ type.Based upon donor sources，three cases of matched sibling donors hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and 24 cases of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were adopted.（2）Hematopoietic reconstruction was achieved in all 27 cases.The median implantation time of neutrophils and platelets was 10（9-20）days and 12（7-26）days respectively.The cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease（GVHD）was 66.67%（18/27）.The incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ was 55.56%（15/27）and that of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ was 11.11%（3/27）.The incidence of chronic GVHD was 7.41%（2/27）.Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) occurred in 7.41%（2/27）patients,cytomegalovirus viremia in 62.96%（17/27）patients,epstein-barr virus infection in 33.33%（9/27）patients,and 14.81%（4/27）patients progressed to post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD).（3）The median follow-up time was 12 (2-28) months.The overall survival rate was 96.29%.Twenty-six patients survived,and one patient died due to multiple complications of severe acute GVHD,TA-TMA,cytomegalovirus infection,PTLD and secondary epilepsy.Conclusion:Allo-HSCT is an effective therapy for SAA in children.The effective rate of this research is 96.29%.Acute GVHD is still the key to therapy.The incidence rate of acute GVHD is 66.67% in this study.The blood incompatibility of donor and recipient may affect the incidence of GVHD.The intensity of GVHD prevention should be reduced after HLA-matched sibling donor-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation so as to avoid the complications of virus recurrence and PTLD.

AIM:This study is aimed to investigate the impact of 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone(HMF)on the proliferation,invasion,and migration of human colorectal cancer(CRC)cell lines(SW480 and HCT116)and preliminarily explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Human colorectal cancer cells(SW480 and HCT116)cultured in vitro were subjected to various concentrations of HMF(0,12.5,25 and 50 μmol/L)for 48 h.Proliferation levels were assessed using the CCK-8 assay,invasion abilities were examined via the Transwell assay,migra-tion rates were measured using the scratch assay,and oxidative stress levels were determined by the DCF-DA reactive oxy-genation assay.The mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)mRNA and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreduc-tase-1(NQO-1)were quantified using RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Treatment with varying concentrations of HMF resulted in a significant reduction in the proliferative capacity of SW480 and HCT116 cancer cells,as was indicated by CCK-8 experi-ments(P<0.05).Transwell assays demonstrated a pronounced attenuation in the invasive potential of SW480 and HCT116 following HMF treatment(P<0.05).Scratch assays highlighted a notable constraint on the migratory capabilities of SW480 and HCT116 after HMF treatment(P<0.05).DCF-DA staining revealed a substantial increase in reactive oxy-gen species(ROS)levels within SW480 and HCT116 cells after HMF treatment(P<0.05).Furthermore,RT-qPCR ex-periments elucidated that HMF markedly suppressed the mRNA expression of antioxidant genes HO-1 and NQO-1.CON-CLUSION:HMF induces oxidative stress response in SW480 and HCT116 cells,consequently inhibiting their prolifera-tion,invasion and migration.

Objective To test the performances and applicability of the pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer under severe cold environments in the field.Methods Under the severe cold conditions in the field,the simulated hemorrhagic shock patient was placed on a stretcher and transported to a transfer vehicle 2 km away,a pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer was used to perform fluid resuscitation and heating and pressurization blood transfusion during the transport,and the effect of heating and pressurization of the device during the transport was evaluated;two healthy adult male pigs were selected to construct animal models of hemorrhagic shock from war wounds,of which one pig was used as an experimental animal to be treated by blood transfusion with a pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer and the other pig was recognized as a control animal to be treated by blood transfusion using commercially available inflatable pressurized bags and thermostats,and comparison analysis was carried out on the changes in vital signs of animals before and after treatment by the 2 methods of warming and pressurization and the effects of warming and pressurization transfusion.Results The pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer gained advantages in convenience,efficiency and applicability during patient transport;the experimental animal behaved better than the control animal in vital signs such as blood volume,pressure and respiration,transfusion speed and fluid warming.Conclusion The pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer has high efficiency and is applicable under severe cold conditions in the field.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):117-120]