Objective：An inertial sensor-based motion capture system for rehabilitation therapy is feasible due to its simple measurement methods. However, a standard value must be used to evaluate or diagnose pathological gait kinematically. This study aimed to set a standard value by determining the averaged spatial-temporal parameter (STP) and range of motion (ROM) during gait in healthy participants.Methods：This study included 177 healthy individuals, who were grouped into six groups according to gender (male and female) and age (young, middle, and old). All participants walked under two speed conditions (NORMAL or FAST) and the gait was captured with an inertial sensor-based motion capture system. Eight types of STP and fourteen types of ROM were calculated.Results：Of the 132 variables (22 variables × 2 sexes × 3 ages), 123 variables for NORMAL and 112 variables for FAST followed the normal distribution. A main effect of age on walking velocity for FAST was noted but not for NORMAL. The middle and old ages depended on an increased cadence for maintaining walking velocity. Ankle and hip ROMs in the old were smaller than that in the young, and these differences were demonstrated more so during the FAST condition. There were gender differences in hip ROMs (men had greater internal-external rotation and women had greater flexion-extension).Conclusion：The standard value can be determined from variables in gait assessment, for young to elderly, and gender-specific.

Objective：An inertial sensor-based motion capture system for rehabilitation therapy is feasible due to its simple measurement methods. However, a standard value must be used to evaluate or diagnose pathological gait kinematically. This study aimed to set a standard value by determining the averaged spatial-temporal parameter (STP) and range of motion (ROM) during gait in healthy participants.Methods：This study included 177 healthy individuals, who were grouped into six groups according to gender (male and female) and age (young, middle, and old). All participants walked under two speed conditions (NORMAL or FAST) and the gait was captured with an inertial sensor-based motion capture system. Eight types of STP and fourteen types of ROM were calculated.Results：Of the 132 variables (22 variables × 2 sexes × 3 ages), 123 variables for NORMAL and 112 variables for FAST followed the normal distribution. A main effect of age on walking velocity for FAST was noted but not for NORMAL. The middle and old ages depended on an increased cadence for maintaining walking velocity. Ankle and hip ROMs in the old were smaller than that in the young, and these differences were demonstrated more so during the FAST condition. There were gender differences in hip ROMs (men had greater internal-external rotation and women had greater flexion-extension).Conclusion：The standard value can be determined from variables in gait assessment, for young to elderly, and gender-specific.

Background: Plain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful for diagnosing adverse local tissue reactions after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (THA), but metal artifacts can hamper radiological assessments near the implants. We sought to clarify the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) CT and MRI in the periprosthetic region, which is difficult to assess after THA due to metal artifacts. Methods: We performed preoperative 18F-FDG-PET/CT and 18F-FDG-PET/MRI, as well as plain CT and MRI, in 11 metal-on-metal THA patients who underwent revision surgery. Results: Most patients showed high FDG uptake in the metal artifact areas and pseudotumors in the 18-F-FDG-PET/CT and 18-FFDG-PET/MRI scans. Intraoperative intra-articular macroscopic and histopathological intra-articular granulation tissue findings were suggestive of adverse local tissue reaction. Conclusions The enhanced uptake in the metal artifact areas seemed to reflect adverse local tissue reaction. Therefore, 18F-FDGPET/CT and 18-F-FDG-PET/MRI can be useful for the auxiliary diagnosis of adverse local tissue reactions after metal-on-metal THA.

Background: Plain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful for diagnosing adverse local tissue reactions after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (THA), but metal artifacts can hamper radiological assessments near the implants. We sought to clarify the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) CT and MRI in the periprosthetic region, which is difficult to assess after THA due to metal artifacts. Methods: We performed preoperative 18F-FDG-PET/CT and 18F-FDG-PET/MRI, as well as plain CT and MRI, in 11 metal-on-metal THA patients who underwent revision surgery. Results: Most patients showed high FDG uptake in the metal artifact areas and pseudotumors in the 18-F-FDG-PET/CT and 18-FFDG-PET/MRI scans. Intraoperative intra-articular macroscopic and histopathological intra-articular granulation tissue findings were suggestive of adverse local tissue reaction. Conclusions The enhanced uptake in the metal artifact areas seemed to reflect adverse local tissue reaction. Therefore, 18F-FDGPET/CT and 18-F-FDG-PET/MRI can be useful for the auxiliary diagnosis of adverse local tissue reactions after metal-on-metal THA.

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acupuncture on exercise-induced prolongation of information processing and decrease in attentional resource allocation, excluding the placebo effect.[Design] Crossover, double-blind randomized controlled trial[Settings] Tokyo Ariake University[Subjects] Fifteen healthy men aged 21.1 ± 0.9 years[Methods] We used a handgrip exercise for exercise loading. The handgrip was maintained for six seconds at an intensity of 40% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), followed by rest for four seconds. This was alternately repeated and continued until the subject was incapable of exerting a grip strength of 40% of the MVC. To induce P300, an auditory oddball paradigm was used, and P300 was measured before and after the handgrip exercise. In the same subjects, thumbtack needle (TN) intervention (TN group) and placebo thumbtack needle (PTN) intervention (PTN group) were performed in random order. TN or PTN was applied to ST36, HT7, and GV14 before the handgrip exercise. After the experiment, we asked the subjects and practitioner about the intervention (TN or PTN). The allocation was conducted by a third party who did not participate in the experiment, and the subjects, practitioner, and measurer completed a series of all the experiment procedures and were blinded to the results.[Outcomes] The indicators for measuring the main outcomes were P300 latency and amplitude. reaction time, and masking were indicators for secondary outcomes. [Results and Conclusion] In the PTN group, P300 latency was increased significantly and P300 amplitude was decreased significantly after the handgrip exercise. In the TN group, no significant changes were observed in P300 latency and amplitude after the handgrip exercise. In both groups, reaction time was considerably slower after the handgrip exercise. The k value indicating the degree of agreement between the actual (genuine or placebo) and guessed intervention assignment was k = -0.06 for the practitioner and k = 0.66 for the subjects. No adverse events were found in this study.[Conclusions] The index changes in the TN and PTN in this study were the same as in our previous studies, and acceptable reproducibility was observed. However, the k values indicated that subject masking was inadequate. In the future, the reliability and validity of PTN must be investigated further.

Disorders involving artificial joints are difficult to evaluate due to metal artifacts hindering plain computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the current case study 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET)/CT and MRI were used to confirm iliopsoas tendonitis within the metal artifact area following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient was a 61-year-old woman who developed hip pain on flexion of the ipsilateral hip after THA. Imaging studies were performed to evaluate for iliopsoas tendonitis due to impingement with the cup. Assessment of the iliopsoas muscle near the artificial joint was difficult due to the metal artifact on plain CT and MRI. Imaging using 18F-FDG-PET/CT and 18F-FDGPET/MRI showed uptake along the iliopsoas muscle. Therefore, revision was performed to resolve iliopsoas tendon impingement, and the preoperative pain resolved. The result of the current case study suggest 18F-FDGPET/CT or 18F-FDG-PET/MRI will be useful to detect iliopsoas tendonitis within metal artifact areas after THA.