A 57-year-old man, who had suffered chest, back and right leg pain about 10 years before, underwent CT and was found a chronic type B aortic dissection with an enlarged false lumen and a narrowed true lumen that was occluded at the infrarenal abdominal aorta. A conventional surgical repair seemed to be too high risk considering his comorbidities, thus we chose a staged hybrid repair. First, surgical repair of the abdominal aorta with an abdominal aortic fenestration was performed. Then, one month after the first operation, zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair with left carotid-axillary artery bypass was performed. At the second operation, the stent graft was purposely deployed from zone 2 into Th12 level of a false lumen through the fenestration followed by coil embolization of a true lumen just distal to the entry tear. The postoperative course was uneventful and he had no complications at 6 months follow-up. Deploying stent graft into a false lumen could be a feasible option in case deploying into a true lumen is not suitable if the anatomical condition permits.

We report a 48-year-old man who underwent hybrid aortic repair for visceral aortic patch (VAP) aneurysm. He had undergone descending thoracic aortic repair for post-dissection aneurysm at the age of 25, ascending aorta and proximal aortic arch aneurysm repair at the age of 27, and residual thoracoabdominal dissecting aortic aneurysm repair with VAP reconstruction at the age of 28. During 20 years of follow-up, the VAP gradually enlarged and eventually reached 70×61 mm in diameter. Considering a possible severe adhesion after 2 previous left thoracotomies, we planned a 2-staged hybrid aortic repair. First, we performed reno-visceral debranching and as a second stage operation, endovascular aortic repair was performed successfully 39 days after the first-stage operation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine information quality by quantitatively evaluating newspaper stories on drug therapy using the “Media Doctor” instrument.Methods: A database search was conducted to extract newspaper stories on drug therapy published between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017. Two evaluators independently evaluated each story using the “Media Doctor” instrument. Each of the 10 evaluation criteria were rated as “satisfactory” or “not satisfactory.” When the content of the story was not suitable for the evaluation criteria, it was regarded as “not applicable”.Results: Fifty-nine news stories (Asahi: 13, Mainichi: 8, Nikkei: 8, Sankei: 14, Yomiuri: 16) were included. The median number of evaluation criteria that the two evaluators judged as “satisfactory” was 5. The proportions of stories that the two evaluators judged as satisfactory were “1. availability,” 73%; “2. novelty,” 66%; “3. alternatives,” 39%; “4. disease mongering,” 58%; “5. evidence,” 32%; “6. quantification of benefits,” 31%; “7. harm,” 41%; “8. cost,” 22%; “9. sources of information/conflict of interest,” 12%; and “10. headline,” 66%. Conversely, the proportions of stories judged as “not satisfactory” were “1. availability,” 0%; “2. novelty,” 5%; “3. alternatives,” 12%; “4. disease mongering,” 8%; “5. evidence,” 24%; “6. quantification of benefits,” 29%; “7. harm,” 41%; “8. cost,”44%; “9. sources of information/conflict of interest,” 32%; and “10. headline,” 12%.Conclusion: These results suggest that the quality of newspaper stories are insufficient as drug information in terms of the validity of its scientific evidence.

Objective： Using PMDA's medication side effect database （JADER), the aim of this study is to explore the collective background and characteristics of cases in which adverse events were caused by the total cold medicine.Methods：Latent class analysis is performed on 990 subject cases reported from April 2004 to June 2015. The target group is classified into plural, and each characteristic is clearly indicated. Furthermore, the number of adverse events is counted for each class, and specialization coefficients are calculated. In addition, the signal detection is performed with the same data.Results：The population was divided into three classes. Class 1 was a group which do not have the original disease or medication, 53.7％ of the whole, and it was set as “health group” . Adverse events specialized were immune system diseases. Class 2 was 33.2％, a positive group for self-treatment, it was set as “self-treatment oriented group” . A specialized adverse event was a serious skin disorder. Class 3 was 13.1％, and 90％ of the class was over 60 years old and almost people had primary diseases and medicines, so they were “high age outpatient treatment group” . The main adverse events were lung disease and nervous system disorder. It was possible to relate the characteristic of the group as a background factor.Conclusion：By applying Latent class analysis to the adverse event, it was possible to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of adverse event and its background.This research is applicable to other medicines, and expected to contribute as a new application method of JADER.

　　In this study, to determine the future direction of nursing, we studied the effect of living with a sibling with a brain disorder using two internet search engines: The Japan Medical Abstracts Society website and the National Institute of Informatics site CiNii. A literature search was conducted by setting the publication time as the period between 1983 and 2015, using “brain disorder”, “nursing”, “siblings” and other terms as keywords. Analysis of 26 articles extracted in our literature search revealed that many of the studies were conducted in the fields of sociology and education and were about stress in the primary caregiver or family members of individuals with a brain disorder. On the other hand, studies focusing on the care of individuals with a brain disorder were about self-care, accidental falls, difficulties and negative feelings felt by nurses who supported individuals with a brain disorder, and caregiver satisfaction or burden scales of family members or the primary caregiver. However, none of the studies investigated siblings of individuals with a brain disorder, who live and age together and whose responsibility is different from that of parents or children, thus requiring different informational and emotional support. Taking into account the special features of individuals with a brain disorder and findings in other academic areas, we believe it is important to establish a system to support the siblings of individuals with a brain disorder, in addition to the direct family members and primary caregivers.

A 27-year-old man who presented with worsening dyspnea was transferred to our hospital due to congestive heart failure with multiple organ dysfunction. Echocardiogram showed severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and a huge thrombus in the left ventricle. An urgent operation was performed to remove the thrombus simultaneously with the placement of bilateral extracorporeal ventricular assist devices. After the operation, despite a rapid improvement in the liver function, renal dysfunction persisted and he remained anuric for nearly a month. We continued maximal circulatory support with biventricular assist device to optimize his end-organ function. His renal function gradually improved, allowing him to be registered as a heart transplant candidate on the 140th postoperative day. On the 146th postoperative day, the patient underwent successful removal of the right ventricular assist device, and the left extracorporeal device was replaced by an implantable device (HeartMate II). He was discharged 78 days after the implantation. We present here a case where adequate support with biventricular assist device enabled a successful bridge to transplantation even in a patient with end-stage heart failure having end-organ dysfunction.

No abstract available.
Japan* ; Sporothrix* ; Sporotrichosis*

No abstract available.
Japan* ; Sporothrix* ; Sporotrichosis*

Background : Acute massive pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening disease. It is often treated with thrombolytic therapy, however, the mortality rates are unsatisfactorily high in patients who developed shock and subsequent cardiac arrest. Surgical pulmonary embolectomy is a last resort for patients with hemodynamic instability. We studied the outcomes of our patients who underwent pulmonary embolectomy for acute pulmonary embolism. Methods : Eight patients who underwent pulmonary embolectomy between January 2011 and December 2014 were studied. Our surgical indications were as follows. Patients who experienced cardiac arrest and treated with PCPS, and those in persistent vital shock, with contraindications of thrombolytic therapy, or with right heart floating thrombus. However, patients with ischemic encephalopathy or acute exacerbation of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and those who had already been treated with thrombolytic therapy were excluded. Preoperative ECMO was indicated for those in sustained shock. Pulmonary embolectomy was performed through median sternotomy and with cardiopulmonary bypass. After antegrade cardiac arrest, all clots were removed with forceps under direct vision through incisions in the bilateral main pulmonary arteries. IVC filter (Günther Tulip) was placed through the right atrial appendage. In our early cases, IVC filter (Neuhaus Protect) was placed after chest closure. Anticoagulation was not administered until hemostasis was achieved. Results : Seven patients underwent pulmonary embolectomy for massive pulmonary embolism, and in one patient pulmonary embolectomy was indicated for right heart floating thrombi although the pulmonary embolism was submassive. Three patients underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation and were treated with ECMO. Other 3 patients in sustained shock vital were electively treated with ECMO. The other patient developed cardiopulmonary arrest shortly after anesthetic induction and intubation, and suffered disturbance of consciousness postoperatively. All patients were successfully weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass and underwent IVC filter placement (5 Neuhaus Protect, and 3 GProtec Tulip). One patient died due to a vascular complication associated with catheter insertion (retroperitoneal hematoma). No patients developed residual pulmonary hypertension. There were postoperative complications including pneumonia in 5 patients, tracheostomy in 2 patients, atrial fibrillation in 3 patients, and pericardial effusion in 1 patient. One patient who suffered disturbance of consciousness died 2.4 months after the surgery. Other patients had not developed any thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications during a median follow-up of 13.1 months. Conclusions : Pulmonary embolectomy is an effective treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism. We believe that our strategy is useful, consisting of preoperative hemodynamic stability by an institution of ECMO, complete removal of clots by bilateral main pulmonary incisions, and prevention of recurrence by IVC filter placement.

A population-based cohort study on pediatric infectious diseases was established at Khanh Hoa Province, central Vietnam in 2006, to determine the etiology and risk factors for severe pediatric infectious diseases (SPID) such as acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrhea and dengue which are the major causes of under 5 mortality. A population census survey was conducted in Nha-Trang and Ninh-Hoa to collect demographic, social-behavioral data and disease burden on SPID. The study site covered a population of 353,525 residing in 75,826 households with 24,781 children less than 5 years. Hospital databases from two hospitals covering the region were obtained. Linking the census and hospital databases, we were able to investigate on a variety of SPID such as environmental tobacco smoking exposure and increased risked of pediatric pneumonia hospitalization, population density, water supply and risk of dengue fever and animal livestock and risk of hospitalized diarrhea. To determine incidence, viral etiology and risk factors for pediatric ARI/pneumonia, we setup a population based prospective hospitalized Pediatric ARI surveillance at Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Nha-Trang in February 2007. The study has revealed RSV, rhinovirus and influenza A as major viral pathogens, role of multiple viral infection and its interaction with bacteria in the development of pneumonia. In addition, we are also conducting a birth cohort study to investigate the incidence of congenital infection and its impact on physical-neurological development, and role of host genetic polymorphism on SPID hospitalization in Vietnam. Population mobility, high cost of regular census update and low mortality are the challenges.