Objective: To understand the dynamic temporal evolution pathways of Internet addiction among university students and to identify the core driving nodes, so as to provide theoretical evidences for the precise implementation of targeted interventions. Methods: Using a convenient cluster sampling method, a total of 1 066 full time freshmen and sophomores were recruited from three universities in Guizhou, Jiangxi, and Guangdong Provinces for a follow up survey (T1:January-March 2024; T2:January-March 2025). The Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R) was employed to assess the status of Internet addiction among university students, and cross sectional as well as cross lagged panel network models were constructed to analyze Internet addiction and its multidimensional influencing factors. Results: The T1 network comprised 19 nodes and 114 non zero edges, while the T2 network comprised 19 nodes and 126 non zero edges. Cross sectional network analysis revealed the strongest association between "insufficient sleep" and "daytime fatigue"; the core nodes were "first thought upon waking for going online" and "feeling low after disconnection" (characteristics of psychological dependence) at T1, while the core nodes shifted to "impaired health" and "excitement when online" (characteristics of functional impairment and addictive psychodynamic features) at T2. Cross lagged network analysis further indicated that "reduced leisure" directly predicted "sleep compression", and a bidirectional relationship was observed between "needing more time to achieve satisfaction" and "academic decline". Conclusions Internet addiction among university students exhibits dynamic evolutionary characteristics. Stage specific targeted interventions focusing on core driving nodes are needed, integrating behavioral regulation and academic support to break the vicious cycle and enhancing the ability to cope with real life demands.

BACKGROUND:Traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription has a long history in the treatment of primary osteoporosis,and the curative effect is definite,but the medication rule and mechanism are not clear. OBJECTIVE:Using the methodology of data mining and network pharmacology,to explore and verify the law of drug use and molecular mechanism of modern traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of primary osteoporosis. METHODS:The relevant documents included in CNKI,WanFang,VIP and PubMed were used as data sources,and the relevant data were statistically counted and extracted by Microsoft EXCEL2019,IBMSPSS25.0 and other software.The high-frequency drugs obtained from the data statistics were analyzed by association rules analysis and cluster analysis,and the core drug combination of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription in the treatment of primary osteoporosis was obtained by combining the two results.The therapeutic mechanism of this combination was explained by network pharmacology and verified by molecular docking. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Finally,151 articles were included and 207 prescriptions were selected,involving 285 flavors of Chinese herbs.(1)Ten groups of important drug combinations were obtained through the above two analyses,among which the core drug combination with the highest confidence and improvement was"Drynaria-Eucommia-Angelica."The key components of the combination in the treatment of primary osteoporosis were quercetin,kaempferol,naringenin and so on.The core targets were SRC proto-oncogene,phosphoinositide-3-Kinase regulatory subunit 1 and RELA proto-oncogene.The main pathways were cancer signaling pathway,JAK-STAT signaling pathway,VEGF signaling pathway,and NF-κB signaling pathway.(2)The key active components were docked with the core targets,and the two showed a good combination.To conclude,Chinese herbal compound therapy in the treatment of primary osteoporosis can use a variety of active components to exert its efficacy through multiple signal pathways and acting on multiple targets,which can provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of new drugs for the follow-up treatment of primary osteoporosis.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants. Its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Research has found that, in addition to insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, immune disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of GDM. This study reviews the recent research on the involvement of common immune cells in the pathophysiological process of GDM to explore the functional changes of immune cells related to the occurrence and development of GDM and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of GDM.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants. Its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Research has found that, in addition to insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, immune disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of GDM. This study reviews the recent research on the involvement of common immune cells in the pathophysiological process of GDM to explore the functional changes of immune cells related to the occurrence and development of GDM and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of GDM.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of protein A immunoadsorption (PAIA) combined with rituximab (RTX) in highly sensitized patients who underwent haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) .Methods:The clinical data of 56 highly sensitized patients treated with PAIA and RTX before haplo-HSCT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital between March 2021 and June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The number of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody types and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), humoral immunity, adverse reactions during adsorption, and survival within 100 days before and after adsorption were measured.Results:After receiving the PAIA treatment, the median MFI of patients containing only HLA Ⅰ antibodies decreased from 7 859 (3 209-12 444) to 3 719 (0-8 275) ( P<0.001), and the median MFI of HLA Ⅰ+Ⅱ antibodies decreased from 5 476 (1 977-12 382) to 3 714 (0-11 074) ( P=0.035). The median MFI of patients with positive anti-donor-specific antibodies decreased from 8 779 (2 697-18 659) to 4 524 (0–15 989) ( P<0.001). The number of HLA-A, B, C, DR, and DQ antibodies in all patients decreased after the PAIA treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (A, B, C, DR: P<0.001, DQ: P<0.01). The humoral immune monitoring before and after the PAIA treatment showed a significant decrease in the number of IgG and complement C3 ( P<0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Forty-four patients underwent HLA antibody monitoring after transplantation, and the overall MFI and number of antibody types decreased. However, five patients developed new antibodies with low MFI, and nine patients continued to have high MFI. The overall survival, disease-free survival, non-recurrent mortality, and cumulative recurrence rates at 100 days post-transplantation were 83.8%, 80.2%, 16.1%, and 4.5%, respectively. Conclusions:The combination of PAIA and RTX has a certain therapeutic effect and good safety in the desensitization treatment of highly sensitive patients before haplo-HSCT.

Objective To investigate the differences in efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with cerebral palsy at different grades of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) by selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR). Methods Relevant literatures on SPR treatment for cerebral palsy were retrieved from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. Clinical trials on SPR treatment for cerebral palsy were included for Meta-analysis. At least two researchers independently screened the literatures, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the literatures. Data analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.4 software. Results A total of 2, 726 literatures were retrieved, and 8 literatures were finally included after screening. The results of the Meta-analysis showed that the gross motor function and self-care ability of patients with cerebral palsy at all GMFCS grades improved significantly after surgery, and muscle tone decreased significantly after surgery (P < 0.05). In comparison of the improvement in gross motor function before and after SPR, patients with grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ of GMFCS benefited the most, followed by those with grade Ⅰ, and those with grades Ⅳ and V benefited less. In terms of improving self-care ability, patients with grade Ⅰ benefited the most, followed by those with grade Ⅲ, and those with grades Ⅱ and IV benefited less. No significant adverse reactions were reported in previous literatures. Conclusion SPR is a relatively safe and effective treatment option for patients with cerebral palsy. Patients at grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ of GMFCS benefit the most from SPR, and patients at grades Ⅳ and V with poor preoperative physical status can also benefit from SPR.

Objective:The nasal swell body（NSB） consists of the nasal septal cartilage, nasal bone, and swollen soft tissue, all of which are visible during endoscopic and imaging examinations. Although the function of the NSB remains uncertain, there is evidence to suggest that it plays a vital role in regulating nasal airflow and filtering inhaled air. Based on anatomical and histological evidence, it is hypothesized that the NSB is indispensable in these processes. This study aims to investigate the impact of NSB on nasal aerodynamics and the deposition of allergen particles under physiological conditions. Methods:The three-dimensional （3D） nasal models were reconstructed from computed tomography （CT） scans of the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity in 30 healthy adult volunteers from Northwest China, providing basis for the construction of models without NSB following virtual NSB-removal surgery. To analyze the distribution of airflow in the nasal cavity, nasal resistance, heating and humidification efficiency, and pollen particle deposition rate at various anatomical sites, we employed the computed fluid dynamics（CFD） method for numerical simulation and quantitative analysis. In addition, we created fully transparent segmented nasal cavity models through 3D printing, which were used to conduct bionic experiments to measure nasal resistance and allergen particle deposition. Results:①The average width and length of the NSB in healthy adults in Northwest China were （12.85±1.74） mm and （28.30±1.92） mm, respectively. ②After NSB removal, there was no significant change in total nasal resistance, and cross-sectional airflow velocity remained essentially unaltered except for a decrease in topical airflow velocity in the NSB plane. ③There was no discernible difference in the nasal heating and humidification function following the removal of the NSB; ④After NSB removal, the deposition fraction（DF） of Artemisia pollen in the nasal septum decreased, and the DFs post-and pre-NSB removal were（22.79±6.61）% vs （30.70±12.27）%, respectively; the DF in the lower airway increased, and the DFs post-and pre-NSB removal were（24.12±6.59）% vs （17.00±5.57）%, respectively. Conclusion:This study is the first to explore the effects of NSB on nasal airflow, heating and humidification, and allergen particle deposition in a healthy population. After NSB removal from the healthy nasal cavities: ①nasal airflow distribution was mildly altered while nasal resistance showed no significantly changed; ②nasal heating and humidification were not significantly changed; ③the nasal septum's ability to filter out Artemisia pollen was diminished, which could lead to increased deposition of Artemisia pollen in the lower airway.
Adult ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Allergens ; Pollen ; Artemisia ; Hydrodynamics

Intraoperative acquired pressure injury is one of the common complications in surgical patients,with a high incidence and delayed postoperative recovery.This paper reviews the judgment,staging criteria and research status of risk prediction models of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in surgical patients.We also compare the construction methods,verification methods and independent risk factors of the models,and analyze the disadvantages,with an aim to provide bases for the prediction,warning and pre-control of the risk of intraoperative acquired pressure injury in surgical patients.

Objective : To investigate the effect of platelet particles on the extent of intestinal inflammation and in⁃ testinal mucosal permeability in mice with dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis. Methods : The experiment was divided into four groups : normal control group ( n = 10 , drinking sterile distilled water + intraperitoneal injection of 0. 9% sodium chloride solution) , PMPs group ( n = 10 , drinking sterile distilled water + intraperitoneal injection of PMPs) , DSS model group ( n = 10 , drinking DSS solution + intraperitoneal injection of 0. 9% sodium chloride solution) , and experimental group ( n = 15 , drinking DSS solution + intraperitoneal injection of PMPs) . Peripheral blood⁃derived PMPs suspension was collected from inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) patients. A colitis model was constructed in mice by allowing them to freely drink a 5% DSS solution for 1 week , followed by continuous intraperitoneal injection of PMPs for 7 days. Disease activity index (DAI) scores was recorded daily and the severity of intestinal inflammation with histopathological scores (HI) was assessed by HE staining of colon samples at the end of the experiment. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) , neutrophil elastase (NE) , citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) , and free DNA levels were measured in colon homogenate , observe intestinal mucosal structure by transmission electron microscopy , and intestinal permeability was tested using fluorescein isothiocyanate⁃dextran (FITC⁃D) . Results: Compared with the normal control group , the colonic mucosa of mice in the PMPs group showed edema , severe destruction of epithelial structure , extensive aggregation of inflammatory cells , and increased overall HI score (P < 0. 01) ; the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL⁃1β and TNF⁃α in colonic tissue homogenates of mice in the PMPs group increased (P < 0. 05) , and the expression of NETs increased (P < 0. 05) ; the plasma FITC⁃D level of mice in the PMPs group significantly increased (P < 0. 05) , and the permeability of intestinal mucosa increased. Compared with the DSS group , the experimental group mice had higher plasma FITC⁃D levels ( P < 0. 05 ) and more electron microscopic colonic epithelial damage. Conclusion PMPs induces NETs formation in mice , promotes colonic inflammation in mice , increases intestinal mucosal permeability and aggravates intestinal inflammation in mice with DSS colitis.