Objective: To explore the relationship between the ratio of dietary vitamin A (VitA) to body weight and hypertension among children, so as to provide a reference for blood pressure control through dietary nutritional interventions and childhood hypertension prevention. Methods: Utilizing the baseline survey and followup sample data from the Healthy Children Cohort established in urban and rural areas of Chongqing from 2014 to 2019, structured quantitative dietary questionnaire and selfdesigned questionnaire were used to investigate the information of dietary intake and socioeconomic characteristics of 15 279 children, as well as blood pressure, height, weight measurement. The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight was divided into four groups based on quartiles [≤P25(Q1), >P25~P50(Q2), >P50~P75(Q3), >P75(Q4)]. Generalized linear regression models and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between ratio of dietary VitA to body weight with blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension. Results: The results of the 2014 baseline survey indicated that, after adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic indicators and nutritional intake, significant differences were observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) among different groups categorized by the ratio of dietary VitA to body weight (F=157.57, 44.71, 95.92, P<0.01). The baseline ratio of dietary VitA to body weight in children exhibited a negative correlation with DBP, SBP and MAP at baseline and in 2019[baseline: β(95%CI)=-0.65(-0.89--0.42), -0.22(-0.42--0.01), -0.36(-0.56--0.16); 2019: β(95%CI)=-0.77(-1.34--0.19), -0.62(-1.21--0.02), -0.77(-1.34--0.19), P＜0.05]. Compared to Q1 group, the risk of hypertension decreased among children in Q4 at baseline and followup in 2019 [OR(95%CI)=0.63(0.49-0.81), 0.18(0.08-0.42), P<0.01]. Conclusions The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight is significantly negatively correlated with blood pressure levels among children, and dietary VitA deficiency is an independent risk factor for hypertension among children. Measures should be taken to actively adjust childrens dietary nutrition and reduce the risk of childhood hypertension.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of a treatment regimen based on daratumumab in patients with high-risk relapsed refractory multiple myeloma(MM)with mSMART 3.0 score.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 16 patients with mSMART3.0 score high-risk relapsed refractory MM treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2023,all of whom received daltezumab-based regimen(regimen drugs including dexamethasone,isazomib,bortezomib,lenalidomide).The efficacy and safety of the treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median age of 16 patients was 63.5(47-70)years old,including 10 cases of IgG type,2 cases of IgA type,and 4 cases of light chain type.The curative efficacy was judged in all 16 patients,with an overall response rate of 93.75％(15/16),including 4 cases of strict complete remission(sCR),1 case of complete remission(CR),2 case of very good partial remission(VGPR),partial remission(PR)in 5 cases,and minor remission(MR)in 3 cases.The median follow-up time was 11(2-30)months,and the median progression-free survival and median overall survival were not achieved in 16 patients at the median follow-up period.The hematologic adverse effects of the treatment regimen using daratumumab-based were mainly neutropenia,and the non-hematologic adverse effects were mainly infusion-related adverse reactions and infections.Conclusion:Daratumumab-based regimen for the treatment of relapsed refractory MM patients with high risk of mSMART3.0 score has better efficacy and safety.

OBJECTIVE: To explore application value and effectiveness of virtual reality technology combined with isokinetic muscle strength training in the rehabilitation of patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. METHODS: Forty patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery from December 2021 to January 2023 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to treatment methods, 20 patients in each group. Control group was received routine rehabilitation training combined with isokinetic muscle strength training, including 15 males and 5 females, aged from 17 to 44 years old, with an average of (29.10±8.60) years old. Observation group was performed virtual reality technology combined with isokinetic muscle strength training, including 16 males and 4 females, aged from 17 to 45 years old with an average of (30.95±9.11) years old. Lysholm knee joint score, knee extension peak torque, and knee flexion peak torque between two groups at 12 (before training) and 16 weeks (after training) after surgery were compared. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 1 to 6 months with an average of (3.30±1.42) months. There were no statistically significant difference in Lysholm knee joint score, peak knee extension peak torque, and peak knee flexion peak torque between two groups (P>0.05) before training. After training, Lysholm knee joint score, knee extension peak torque, and knee flexion peak torque of both groups were improved compared to before training (P<0.05);there were significant difference in Lysholm knee joint score, knee extension peak torque, and knee flexion peak torque between two groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The application of virtual reality technology combined with isokinetic muscle strength training could promote recovery of knee joint function and enhance muscle strength in patients after ACL reconstruction surgery in further.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery* ; Resistance Training ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods* ; Knee Injuries/surgery* ; Muscle Strength/physiology*

Objective To explore the effect of temperature on the risk of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and population susceptibility. Methods The data of HFMD cases in Chengdu from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2022 were collected, and local meteorological data during the same period were also collected. Distributional lag nonlinear models were developed. The relative risk (RR) of morbidity at different temperatures and different lags was calculated. Differences in the relative risk levels of different populations were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 263 776 cases of HFDM were reported in Chengdu during the study period. The distribution of HFMD was periodic. For the overall population, the short-term average temperature and RR showed a ^“U^”-shaped relationship. When the lag time was 0-7 days, the cumulative RR was 1.59 (95%CI: 1.18-2.14) at the average temperature of -0.5℃ and 2.16 (95%CI: 1.60-2.91) at the average temperature of 34.5℃. The RR values under high and low temperatures decreased with increasing lag period. When the lag time was extended, the average temperature and RR showed an inverted ^“U^”-shaped relationship, with higher RR at moderate temperatures and increasing as the lag period increased. The results of the subgroups showed that the RR of onset among scattered children was higher at high and low temperatures. Conclusion The risk effect of temperature on the onset of HFMD in different populations is variable and changes with the lag period, and the prevention and control measures should be adjusted in a timely and targeted manner.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a method of breathing pure oxygen or high-concentration oxygen in a highpressure environment to treat hypoxic diseases and related diseases. According to clinical verification, this therapy has an irreplaceable effect on certain diseases and has gradually become a comprehensive clinical treatment. One of the main methods of certain diseases is widely recognized by the medical field at home and abroad. The development history, treatment principles, key technologies, and future development trends of hyperbaric oxygen are discussed in detail, provide a research direction for the development of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the future, and at the same time, it has also improved physicians' awareness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, so as to improving Industry influence.
Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Oxygen/therapeutic use* ; Research Design

Aim To explore the effect of ferroptosis inducer Erastin combined with Shikonin on the anti-tumor activity of colorectal cancer cells and its mechanism.Methods Erastin(0,4,8,16,32,64 μmol·L-1)and Shikonin(SW-480:0, 0.5,1,2,4,8 μmol·L-1 with SW-620:(0,0.2,0.4,0.8,1.6,3.2 μmol·L-1)alone and 10 μmol·L-1 Erastin combined with various concentrations of Shikonin were used to treat colorectal cancer cells SW480 and SW620; Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method and the apoptosis was detected by AnnexinV/PI double staining.The changes of active oxygen content in colorectal cancer cells were measured by ROS detection kit, and the changes of intracellular lactic acid content in SW480 and SW620 were measured by 10 μmol·L-1 Erastin alone or in combination with 2 μmol·L-1 and 1 μmol·L-1 Shikonin, respectively.The protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, PARP1, Caspase3,Caspase8,AKT and P-akt in SW480 and SW620 cells were detected by Western blot.Results The results of CCK-8 showed that the combination group could significantly inhibit the viability of colorectal cancer cells and the apoptotic rate was the highest.At the same time, lactic acid was inhibited most obviously.The content of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis-related proteins also changed significantly.Conclusions Erastin combined with Shikonin can synergistically induce the apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.The mechanism may be inhibiting the production of lactic acid in tumor cells, increasing the content of reactive oxygen species in tumor cells, inhibiting the AKT signaling pathway, and activating pro-apoptotic proteins to induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis.

Vascular endothelial cells and oxidation reduction system play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). If these conditions are disordered, it will inevitably lead to plaque formation and even rupture. Astragaloside IV (AsIV) and salvianolic acid B (Sal B) are the main active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus and Salvia miltiorrhiza, respectively, and found to ameliorate vascular endothelial dysfunction and protect against oxidative stress in recent studies. However, it is still unknown if the combination of AsIV and Sal B (AsIV + Sal B) can inhibit the development of plaque through amplifying the protective effect of vascular endothelial cells and anti-oxidative stress effect. To clarify the role of AsIV + Sal B in AS, we observed the efficacy of each group (Control, Model, AsIV, Sal B, and AsIV + Sal B) by biomolecular assays, such as observing the pathological morphology of the aorta by oil red O staining, evaluating the level of oxidative stress and endothelial cells in the serum by the Elisa test, and analyzing the changes of all small molecule metabolites in liver tissue by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Results showed that AsIV, Sal B and AsIV + Sal B decreased the deposition of lipid in the arterial wall, so as to exert the effect of anti-oxidant stress and vascular endothelial protection, where the inhibitory effect of AsIV + Sal B was the most obvious. Metabonomics analysis showed that Sal B regulated the metabolic pathways of arginine and proline. AsIV regulated glycerol metabolism and saturated fatty acid biosynthesis metabolism. AsIV + Sal B is mainly related to the regulation of the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamate metabolism, cysteine, and methionine metabolism. Succinic acid and methionine are synergistic metabolites that exert an enhancing effect when AsIV and Sal B were used in combination. In conclusion, we demonstrated that AsIV acompanied with Sal B can be successfully used for anti-oxidative stress and vascular endothelial protection of AS, and succinic acid and methionine are the synergistic metabolites.
Antioxidants ; Atherosclerosis ; Benzofurans ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Methionine ; Saponins ; Succinic Acid ; Triterpenes

Astragalus membranaceus has the effect of tonifying Qi and solid surface， diuretic support poison， discharging pus and astringent sores to produce muscle. It is not only used for syndromes such as deficiency of lung and temper， deficiency of spleen and diarrhea， but also for stroke， chest obstruction and other diseases. Due to the complex chemical composition and diverse pharmacological effect of Astragalus membranaceus， and the main role in invigorating qi and activating blood circulation has not been clarified. Astragaloside Ⅳ is one of its main active ingredients. In recent years， more and more studies on Astragaloside Ⅳ have been conducted at home and abroad. It has been reported that it has the medicinal value of enhancing immune function， strengthening heart and lowerin blood glucose， diuresis， anti-aging and anti-fatigue， et al， and has extensive pharmacological activity. Among them， the role of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in particular has attracted increasing attention. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are ischemic or hemorrhagic diseases occurring in the heart， brain and systemic tissues due to blood viscosity， atherosclerosis， hypertension， hyperlipidemia， etc.， including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Such diseases are a serious threat to mankind and are the leading cause of death worldwide. At present， western medicine is the main treatment， with many adverse reactions and poor long-term prognosis. TCM believes that the imbalance of qi and blood is the basic pathogenesis of this kind of disease. Qi deficiency and blood stasis are more common.At present， Astragaloside Ⅳ in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in a number of studies， and achieved some results， but this review in recent years， Astragaloside Ⅳ in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases play the pharmacological activity， in order to explore whether Astragaloside Ⅳ is the main role of astragalus qi to find a theoretical basis for material basis， but also for the innovation of traditional Chinese medicine drug research and development of theoretical basis and practical guidance.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of methyl eugenol(ME) on hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)-induced injury of human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells and its mechanism. The viability of HK-2 cells cultured with different concentrations of ME and exposed to H/R was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. The effect of ME on the morphology of HK-2 cells was observed under an inverted microscope. The content of intracellular reactive oxygen species in different groups was detected after 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA) fluorescence staining. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were monitored by JC-1 dye. The concentrations of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase oxidase 4(Nox4) were measured by Western blot, followed by the assay of Nrf2 concentration changes in cytoplasm and nucleus by confocal fluorescence staining. The results showed that when the concentration of ME was 0-40 μmol·L~(-1), the activity of HK-2 cells was not affected. Compared with the model group, ME enhanced the activity of HK-2 cells and the cell morphology was normal. As revealed by further experiments, ME inhibited the release of reactive oxygen species and the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential of HK-2 cells after H/R injury, promoted Nrf2/HO-1 expression and Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, and down-regulated the expression of Nox4, thereby significantly reducing apoptosis. This protective effect of ME could be reversed by the specific Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. These findings have preliminarily proved that ME effectively protected HK-2 cells against H/R injury, which might be related to its promotion of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibition of Nox4. Such exploration on the possible mechanism of ME in the treatment of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) and protection of organ function from the perspective of antioxidant stress has provided reference for related research on the treatment of acute kidney injury with traditional Chinese medicine.
Apoptosis ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism* ; Eugenol/pharmacology* ; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism* ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy*

Objective:To investigate the phenotype, genotype and clinical course of centronuclear myopathy(CNM) in children.Methods:Clinical data of patients with CNM in the Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital from October 2008 to December 2018 were collected.The clinical, pathological and genetic data of 9 children with CNM were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were followed up from 8 months to 8.6 years [(4.4±3.1) years].Results:(1)Clinical phenotype: there were 6 males and 3 females with onset age ranging from 1 d to 10 years.Generalized muscle weakness or motor retardation was the main complaint in 8 cases, while elevated muscle enzymes presented in 1 case.Varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness were noted on examination in all patients, with facial muscle involvement in 4 cases.Six patients were followed up.No deterioration in motor function was noted, while 2 patients had improvement.There was no significant cardiac involvement in all 6 patients.Scoliosis occurred in 4 patients.Restrictive ventilator disorder developed in 2 out of the 5 patients who underwent pulmonary function tests.(2)Genotype: 8 out of 9 patients underwent gene test, confirmed gene diagnosis in 4 patients including: DNM2 gene (c.1856C>T, c.1893+ 1G>A was novel) de novo heterozygous mutation in 2 cases, RYR1 gene (c.2044C>G, c.6823G>A, both were novel) compound heterozygous mutation in 1 case, and TTN gene (c.107377+ 1G>A, c.2106_2107 insAAGCTGTA was novel) compound heterozygous mutation in 1 case. Conclusions:The course of centronuclear myopathy is relatively static, with more frequent involvement of facial muscles than myocardium.This study enriched the gene mutation spectrum of centronuclear myopathy (4 novel mutations).