Objective To study the effects of Chrysanthemum Flos on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)and evaluate its antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo.Methods SHR were randomly divided into model,control and experimental-L,-H groups with 10 rats per group,and 10 WKY rats as blank group.Experimental-H,-L groups were given 2.10 and 0.525 g·kg-1 Chrysanthemum Flos extract by gavage;control group received 5.25 mg·kg-1 losartan by gavage;blank and model groups were given the same volume of 0.9％NaCl solution by gavage.Rats in each group were gavaged once a day for 8 weeks.After 8 weeks of continuous intragastric administration,the systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)were observed.The contents of catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum were measured with kit colorimetry method.The in vitro free radical scavenging rates of Chrysanthemum Flos extract were detected by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2'-amino-di(2-ethyl-benzothiazoline sulphonic acid-6)ammonium salt(ABTS)methods.Results The SBP of blank,model,control and experimental-H,-L groups were(132.00±2.45),(204.00±4.55),(171.00±2.16),(181.00±3.74)and(184.67±4.78)mmHg;the DBP were(73.33±4.03),(175.67±3.40),(120.33±0.94),(125.33±2.87)and(125.67±2.36)mmHg;the contents of serum CAT were(9.24±3.99),(8.40±2.98),(9.24±2.42),(8.59±2.70)and(8.49±1.47)U·mL-1;the contents of serum SOD were(122.40±12.30),(75.30±28.37),(125.39±31.35),(110.92±26.14)and(103.37±22.31)U·mL-1;the contents of serum GSH were(117.93±10.18),(78.29±23.68),(118.57±26.08),(109.89±20.52)and(98.73±14.71)U·mL-1;the contents of serum MDA were(8.36±2.08),(8.45±3.38),(8.22±3.04),(7.09±3.21)and(7.24±3.32)nmol·L 1,respectively.Compared with model group,the differences of above indicators in control group and experimental-H,-L groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Chrysanthemum Flos extract showed certain free radical scavenging ability in vitro.The highest scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS were 90.29％and 92.67％,respectively.Conclusion Chrysanthemum Flos extract had good antihypertensive activity.The antioxidation ability might be its antihypertensive mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the safety of paroxetine in the treatment of pregnant patients with depression in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy， and provide reference for rational clinical use of it. METHODS Retrieved from Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， VIP， CNKI， Wanfang database and SinoMed database， by manual search， randomized controlled studies or observational studies were collected on depression patients who were given paroxetine vs. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor （SSRI） in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy during the inception to Aug. 2022. Methodological qualities of the included studies were assessed by Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale （NOS）. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4.1 software. RESULTS Finally， 9 observational studies were included， and all included studies were of high quality in NOS scale. Meta-analysis was performed on 8 cohort studies. Meta-analysis showed that the total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of mothers and infants [RR＝0.99， 95%CI（0.89，1.10），P＝0.87]， total incidence of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes [RR＝0.98， 95%CI （0.87，1.10）， P＝0.69] and premature birth [RR＝0.89， 95%CI （0.43， 1.83）， P＝0.75] in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were lower than that with other SSRI， without statistical significance. The incidence of neonatal complications with paroxetine in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy was higher than that with other SSRI， but the difference was not statistically significant [RR＝1.02， 95%CI （0.82，1.29）， P＝0.84]. One study reported that the incidence of neonatal pulmonary hypertension in paroxetine group was higher than that in other SSRI group （0.4% vs. 0.3%）. CONCLUSIONS The safety of peroxetine in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy is comparable with that of other SSRI， but it is necessary to be alert to the occurrence of neonatal pulmonary hypertension.

Limb length discrepancy(LLD) is a common complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Good positioning of the prosthesis and suitable soft tissue tension are essential to ensure hip joint stability. Patients will be more satisfied if almost the same length of both lower extremities is achieved. Preoperative comprehensive evaluation of patients is helpful to prevent the occurrence of LLD after surgery. Therefore, the pelvic spine conditions, as well as type and cause of LLD should be analyzed in detail before surgery. During operation, limb length should be adjusted by touching the position of patella, Kirschner's wires positioning and referring to the relationship between the center of femoral head and the tip of greater trochanter. After surgery, it is necessary to clearly distinguish true LLD from functional LLD, and make a reasonable therapeutic plan according to patient's symptoms and the range of differences in limb length. This article reviews the latest literatures based on clinical practice experience and summarizes the research status of LLD after THA, which helps joint surgeons to have an in-depth understanding of this postoperative complication.
Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects* ; Femur ; Femur Head ; Lower Extremity ; Pelvis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between short-term exposure to indoor total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV) among young female adults. METHODS: This panel study recruited 50 young females from one university in Beijing, China from December 2021 to April 2022. All the participants underwent two sequential visits. During each visit, real time indoor TVOC concentration was monitored using an indoor air quality detector. The real time levels of indoor temperature, relative humidity, noise, carbon dioxide and fine particulate matter were monitored using a temperature and humidity meter, a noise meter, a carbon dioxide meter and a particulate counter, respectively. HRV parameters were measured using a 12-lead Holter. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association between the TVOC and HRV parameters and establish the exposure-response relationships, and two-pollutant models were applied to examine the robustness of the results. RESULTS: The mean age of the 50 female subjects was (22.5±2.3) years, and the mean body mass index was (20.4±1.9) kg/m². During this study, the median (interquartile range) of indoor TVOC concentrations was 0.069 (0.046) mg/m³, the median (interquartile range) of indoor temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, noise level and fine particulate matter concentration were 24.3 (2.7) ℃, 38.5% (15.0%), 0.1% (0.1%), 52.7 (5.8) dB(A) and 10.3 (21.5) μg/m³, respectively. Short-term exposure to indoor TVOC was associated with significant changes in time-domain and frequency-domain HRV parameters, and the exposure metric for most HRV parameters with the most significant changes was 1 h-moving average. Along with a 0.01 mg/m³ increment in 1 h-moving average concentration of indoor TVOC, this study observed decreases of 1.89% (95%CI: -2.28%, -1.50%) in standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals (SDNN), 1.92% (95%CI: -2.32%, -1.51%) in standard deviation of average normal to normal intervals (SDANN), 0.64% (95%CI: -1.13%, -0.14%) in percentage of adjacent NN intervals differing by more than 50 ms (pNN50), 3.52% (95%CI: -4.30%, -2.74%) in total power (TP), 5.01% (95%CI: -6.21%, -3.79%) in very low frequency (VLF) power, and 4.36% (95%CI: -5.16%, -3.55%) in low frequency (LF) power. The exposure-response curves showed that indoor TVOC was negatively correlated with SDNN, SDANN, TP, and VLF when the concentration exceeded 0.1 mg/m³. The two-pollutant models indicated that the results were generally robust after controlling indoor noise and fine particulate matter. CONCLUSION Short-term exposure to indoor TVOC was associated with significant negative changes in nocturnal HRV of young women. This study provides an important scientific basis for relevant prevention and control measures.
Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Heart Rate/physiology* ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects* ; Environmental Pollutants

Antipyretic-analgesics are currently one of the most prescribed drugs in children.The clinical application of antipyretic-analgesics for children in our country still have irrational phenomenon, which affects the therapeutic effect and even poses hidden dangers to the safety of children.In this paper, suggestions were put forward from the indications, dosage form/route, dosage suitability, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual differences and drug interactions in the symptomatic treatment of febrile children, so as to provide reference for the general pharmacists when conducting prescription review.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Gegen Qinlian(GGQL) Decoction and its different compatibility groups on gut microbiota in rats with acute enteritis, and to explore the efficacy of GGQL Decoction in improving acute enteritis and gut microbiota. Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, positive control group(SASP), GGQL decoction group, Glycyrrhizae-free group(QGC), Puerariae-free group(QGG), Qinlian-free group(QQL), and Qinlian group(QL). The pathological sections and detection indexes of the rats were observed before and after modeling and administration. After 7 days of administration, fecal samples from 24 rats were collected and Illumina Miseq platform was used for high-throughput sequencing. From the anti-inflammatory and pharmacodynamic indicators, the effect was the most obvious in GGQL Decoction group, QGC group, QGG group and QL group(P<0.05). The alpha diversity and beta diversity showed that there were significant differences in the composition of intestinal flora in each group. As compared with the model group, the increased abundance and diversity of the flora caused by acute inflammation could be down-regulated in all groups except QQL group(P<0.05). The differential bacteria were explored by using LEfSe analysis, and the results showed that Bifidobacterium and other beneficial bacteria only appeared in the normal group. As compared with the normal group, Lactobacillus was significantly reduced(P<0.01), and Bacteroides, Flavonifractor and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were up-regulated in model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the number of Akkermansia was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the number of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 associated with intestinal inflammatory diseases was decreased in the GGQL Decoction group, QGC group and QL group. QGC group and QQL group caused the up-regulation of Ruminococcaceae and induced enrichment of Desulfovibrio which could lead to colon cell toxicity; QGG group caused the up-regulation of Proteobacteria and Burkhonderiales. The study suggests that the GGQL Decoction may play a role in the treatment of acute enteritis partially through improving the intestinal barrier, regulating the immune response and the structure of gut microbiota.
Animals ; Bacteria/classification* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Enteritis/drug therapy* ; Feces ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the anti-myeloma effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and on mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0 in vitro and in vivo and its mechanism.

METHODSThe inhibitory effect of SAHA on SP2/0 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay,and the apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry FACS. The protein expression of Caspase-3 and p53 of SP2/0 cells treated with SAHA were examined by Western blot. Annexin V/7-AAD double staining was performed to detect the apoptosis of SP2/0 induced by SAHA in vitro. SP2/0 cells (1×10) resuspended in 200 µl PBS were inoculated subcutaneously and intravenously into BALB/c mice, so as to establish aggressive or non-aggressive myeloma-bearing mouse models respectively. On day 3 after modeling, mice received SAHA or vehicle control treatment by intraperitoneal injection. The dose of SAHA was 60 mg/kg·d, 5 times a week for 3 weeks.

RESULTSIn SAHA-treated SP2/0 cells, the proliferation inhibition rate and apoptotic cells increased in a dose dependent manner. Also, SAHA significantly increased the ratio of cells in G phase and decreased in S phase. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of SP2/0 induced by SAHA partly correlated with up-regulating the expression level of Caspase-3 and p53. In the non-aggressive myeloma-bearing mice, SP2/0 cells disappeared in peripheral blood after SAHA treatment. In the aggressive myeloma-bearing mice, inhibition of tumor growth and prolongation of the cell survival were observed after SAHA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSAHA inhibited SP2/0 cell proliferation, this effect associates with inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, the mechanism of SAHA ralates partly with activating Caspase-3 and p53 pathway.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Hydroxamic Acids ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Multiple Myeloma

Objective To explore a simplified and economical method to isolate the murine primary pancreatic acinar cells.Methods The collagenase and trypsin inhibitor dissolving in DMEM solution were used to digest the murine pancreas,and 4％ BSA dissolving in DMEM solution was used to purify and isolate primary pancreatic acinar cells from pancreas.CCK-8 method was applied to check the ability of pancreatic acinar cells to secret amylase.Results After digestion,shaking in the water bath,resuspension,filtration and precipitation,murine primary pancreatic acinar cells could be obtained within 2 hours.Pancreatic acinar cells in good conditions appeared in clusters,and their basolateral domains were round and devoid of blebs,and the cytoplasm appeared clear.Their apical domain were surrounded by hundreds of zymogen granules which looked darker.The nucleus was located in the basal area of the vesicular region.The basal level of amylase release as a percent of total release from pancreatic acinar cells was around 2.5％ in CCK8-unstimulated group.This rate started to increase after CCK-8 stimulation and reached its peak [(12.83 ± 1.04) ％] at a concentration of 50 pmol/L of CCK-8,but the ratio of the amylase level secreted by the pancreatic acinar cells to the total amylase level displayed a decreasing trend with the increase of CCK-8 concentration.Conclusions This optimized method had the advantage of being fast and simple,low technical difficulty and good repetition.It was a new simplified and cheap method for isolating murine pancreatic acinar cells.

Background: Disease-modifying therapy is the standard treatment for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in remission. The primary objective of the current analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of two teriflunomide doses (7 mg and 14 mg) in the subgroup of Chinese patients with relapsing MS included in the TOWER study. Methods: TOWER was a multicenter, multinational, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group (three groups), placebo-controlled study. This subgroup analysis includes 148 Chinese patients randomized to receive either teriflunomide 7 mg (n = 51), teriflunomide 14 mg (n = 43), or placebo (n = 54). Results: Of the 148 patients in the intent-to-treat population, adjusted annualized relapse rates were 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44, 0.92) in the placebo group, 0.48 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.70) in the teriflunomide 7 mg group, and 0.18 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.36) in the teriflunomide 14 mg group; this corresponded to a significant relative risk reduction in the teriflunomide 14 mg group versus placebo (-71.2%, P = 0.0012). Teriflunomide 14 mg also tended to reduce 12-week confirmed disability worsening by 68.1% compared with placebo (hazard ratio: 0.319, P = 0.1194). There were no differences across all treatment groups in the proportion of patients with treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 72.2% in the placebo group, 74.5% in the teriflunomide 7 mg group, and 69.8% in the teriflunomide 14 mg group); corresponding proportions for serious adverse events were 11.1%, 3.9%, and 11.6%, respectively. The most frequently reported TEAEs with teriflunomide versus placebo were neutropenia, increased alanine aminotransferase, and hair thinning. Conclusions: Teriflunomide was as effective and safe in the Chinese subpopulation as it was in the overall population of patients in the TOWER trial. Teriflunomide has the potential to meet unmet medical needs for MS patients in China. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00751881; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00751881?term=NCT00751881&rank=1.
China ; Crotonates ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Multiple Sclerosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Toluidines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Objective To develop a new mPCR method for rapid diagnosis of six types of encephalitis causing viruses of HS-VI,HSVII,VZV,EBV,EV71 and CMV.Methods Six pairs of specific primers for CMV,EV71,HSV I,VZV,EBV and HSV II were designed.The mPCR detection method was established and the sensitivity was detected.In order to verify the clinical application value of their multiplex PCR system,fifteen cerebrospinal fluid specimens of clinically suspected VE from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from 2014 to 2015 were examined by the mPCR method.Results The 6 pairs of primers did not interfere with each other,and the sensitivity of the mPCR system was over 103copies/μl.Among 15 cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients with suspected viral encephalitis,six specimens(6/15,40%)were tested positive by the mPCR.Among them,HSV I was 5 and CMV was 1.Conclusion The mPCR method for detecting six types of en-cephalitis-associated virus at same time was established with high specificity,sensitivity and stability.