Objective:The preliminary results was reported regarding the treatment of mesenteric torsion by mesenteric fixation in the last decade, especially preventing recurrence of mesenteric torsion by mesenteric fan-shaped fixation.Methods:We selected 12 patients who received emergency operation in Chongqing Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from December 2010 to March 2022. All of them were made a definite diagnose of mesenteric torsion by the preoperative CT scan or exploratory laparotomy. The recurrence of mesenteric torsion will be prevented by taking the operation of mesenteric fan-shaped fixation. This technique is suitable for the patient who is suffering total mesenteric torsion, but enteric necrosis is excluded affirmatively. The operation is consists of the following progress: (1) Exploratory laparotomy to check for necrosis of the bowel and for lesions other than torsion. (2) Mesenteric torsion derotation.(3) Mesenteric linear fixation; the right posterior lower border of the small mesentery (terminal ileal mesentery) is intermittently sutured to the posterior peritoneum of the right lower quadrant to increase the width of the base of the small mesentery. (4) Mesenteric fan-shaped fixation, which is fan-shaped to the lower left and fixed in the posterior peritoneum, shortening the length of the mesentery and further increasing the width of the mesentery and posterior peritoneal fixation.Results:A total of 12 patients with mesenteric torsion were treated by operation for 15 times in all. Among them, 3 cases received resection of most small bowel were performed without recurrence; 3 patients received only derotation for a total of 4 times, 2 cases recurred, 1 of them recurred twice; 4 cases underwent derotation and mesenteric linear fixation,and 1 case recurred. Four patients with derotation and mesenteric fan-shaped fixation recovered well without recurrence.Conclusion:Mesenteric fan-shaped fixation may be an effective operative type to reduce or avoid postoperative recurrence of mesenteric torsion.

Objective:The preliminary results was reported regarding the treatment of mesenteric torsion by mesenteric fixation in the last decade, especially preventing recurrence of mesenteric torsion by mesenteric fan-shaped fixation.Methods:We selected 12 patients who received emergency operation in Chongqing Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from December 2010 to March 2022. All of them were made a definite diagnose of mesenteric torsion by the preoperative CT scan or exploratory laparotomy. The recurrence of mesenteric torsion will be prevented by taking the operation of mesenteric fan-shaped fixation. This technique is suitable for the patient who is suffering total mesenteric torsion, but enteric necrosis is excluded affirmatively. The operation is consists of the following progress: (1) Exploratory laparotomy to check for necrosis of the bowel and for lesions other than torsion. (2) Mesenteric torsion derotation.(3) Mesenteric linear fixation; the right posterior lower border of the small mesentery (terminal ileal mesentery) is intermittently sutured to the posterior peritoneum of the right lower quadrant to increase the width of the base of the small mesentery. (4) Mesenteric fan-shaped fixation, which is fan-shaped to the lower left and fixed in the posterior peritoneum, shortening the length of the mesentery and further increasing the width of the mesentery and posterior peritoneal fixation.Results:A total of 12 patients with mesenteric torsion were treated by operation for 15 times in all. Among them, 3 cases received resection of most small bowel were performed without recurrence; 3 patients received only derotation for a total of 4 times, 2 cases recurred, 1 of them recurred twice; 4 cases underwent derotation and mesenteric linear fixation,and 1 case recurred. Four patients with derotation and mesenteric fan-shaped fixation recovered well without recurrence.Conclusion:Mesenteric fan-shaped fixation may be an effective operative type to reduce or avoid postoperative recurrence of mesenteric torsion.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of orcinol glucoside on dexamethasone(DEX)-induced osteoblast injury and its mechanism. Methods Primary osteoblasts were extracted from calvaria of neonatal mice and cultured in medium with DEX(1 μmol•L

Chromatin modification contributes to pluripotency maintenance in embryonic stem cells(ESCs).However,the related mechanisms remain obscure.Here,we show that Npac,a"reader"of histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation(H3K36me3),is required to maintain mouse ESC(mESC)pluripotency since knockdown of Npac causes mESC differentiation.Depletion of Npac in mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs)inhibits reprogramming efficiency.Furthermore,our chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing(ChIP-seq)results of Npac reveal that Npac co-localizes with histone H3K36me3 in gene bodies of actively transcribed genes in mESCs.Interestingly,we find that Npac interacts with positive transcription elongation factor b(p-TEFb),Ser2-phosphorylated RNA Pol Ⅱ(RNA Pol Ⅱ Ser2P),and Ser5-phosphorylated RNA Pol Ⅱ(RNA Pol Ⅱ Ser5P).Furthermore,depletion of Npac disrupts transcriptional elongation of the pluripotency genes Nanog and Rifl.Taken together,we propose that Npac is essential for the transcriptional elongation of pluripotency genes by recruiting p-TEFb and interact-ing with RNA Pol Ⅱ Ser2P and Ser5P.

This study aimed to elucidate the effective components of Shengxian Decoction and its mechanism of action in treating chronic heart failure. Firstly, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS was established to identify the main chemical constituents in the rat serum after intragastric administration with Shengxian Decoction. Secondly, the absorbed components in serum were then used for the network pharmacology analysis to infer the mechanism and effective components. Targets for constituents in serum were predicted at TCMSP and Swiss-TargetPrediction database. An association network map was drawn by network visualization software Cytoscape 3.6.1. Finally, GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out for the core target genes. By UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS, 18 prototype compounds were definitely identified, including five compounds from Astragali Radix, four compounds from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, four compounds from Bupleuri Radix, four compounds from Cimicifugae Rhizoma, and one compound from Platycodonis Radix. Those components of Shengxian Decoction were closely associated with 13 key protein targets, including inflammatory factors, like IL6, IL1 B, TNF, PTGS2, IL10; redox enzymes CAT, HMOX1, and MPO; cardiovascular targets, like VEGFA, NOS3, and NOS2; and transmememial proteins CAV1 and INS. Network pharmacology analysis showed that the 18 compounds could be responsible for the treatment of chronic heart failure by regulating HIF-1 signaling pathways, PI3 K-Akt signaling pathways, cGMP-PKG signaling pathways, cAMP signaling pathways and TNF signaling pathways. This study provided a scientific basis for mechanism and effective ingredients of Shengxian Decoction.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Heart Failure/genetics* ; Rats ; Rhizome ; Signal Transduction

In this study, physical fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis was applied to characterize the quality consistency of different sources of carboxymethylcellulose sodium, and the visualization of R language was used to explore the intrinsic correlation on its performances, and we drew contour maps between independent variables and flowability of powder to find the design space. Through the physical fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis, it was found that there were differences in the powder properties of carboxymethylcellulose sodium from different sources, and its moisture content, bulk density and tapped density have a great influence on the fluidity. The fillibility was positively correlated with flowability, both negatively correlated with compressibility by R intelligent visualization analysis, which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). When the angle of repose is 30° - 40°, the appropriate design space was found as 5.092 2% < moisture content < 7.006 7%, 0.560 2 g·cm^-3 < bulk density < 0.579 9 g·cm^-3, and 0.646 3 g·cm^-3 < tapped density < 0.816 5 g·cm^-3. The results show that it is scientific and feasible to evaluate the quality consistency of pharmaceutical excipients by using the physical fingerprint, multivariate statistical analysis and visualization methods, which provides new ideas for the production and quality evaluation of excipients and the development of generic prescriptions.

It is considered that insulin resistance(IR)and its signaling pathway disorder are one of pathogenesis that causes insulin target-organs/issues lesions and their slow progression. The clinical diagnosis index of IR is the homeostatic model of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)based on fasting blood-glucose and fasting serum insulin. Furthermore, the emerging IR biomarkers including adiponectin may be the references for clinical diagnosis. The influence factors of IR are obesity, chronic microinflammation and a lack of exercise. The major signaling pathways of IR include insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/phosphatidylinositiol-3-kinase(PI3 K)/serine-threonine kinase(Akt)pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway and Smad3 pathway. In clinics, insulin sensibility and IR could be increased and improved via promoting insulin secretion and enhancing insulin signaling activation. At present, insulin sensitizers treating IR not only have the classic thiazolidinediones and its ramifications but also have the newly discovered metformin and vitamin D. In addition, it is reported that some extracts from single Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)and Chinese herbal compound prescription such as total flavone from the flowers of Abelmoschl manihot, berberine, astragalus polysaccharides and Huang-qi decoction also have the beneficial effects in ameliorating IR. In the field of chronic kidney disease, targeting a common insulin target-organs/issues lesion, the early renal damage in diabetic mellitus, the intervention studies regarding to regulating podocyte IR signaling pathways by CHM will be one of the significant directions in the future.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Signal Transduction

Coronary artery disease (CAD)is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and consumes a considerable amount of medical resources every year.Clopidogrel is a first-line antiplate-let therapy for CHD, butit is associated with substantial variability in PK and pharmacodynamics re-sponse. To date, gene variants explain only a smallproportion of the variability.The study aimed to identify new genetic loci-modifying antiplatelet response to clopidogrel in Chinese patients with CAD by a systematic analysis combining antiplatelet effects and PK, and further to investigate the PON1 gene promoter DNA methylation and genetic variations possibly influencing clinical outcomes in pa-tients undergoing PCI. We identified novel variants in two transporter genes (SLC14A2rs12456693, ATP-binding cassette [ABC]A1 rs2487032) and in N6AMT1 (rs2254638) associated with P2Y12 reac-tion unit (PRU) and plasma active metabolite (H4) concentration. These new variants dramatically im-proved the predictability of PRU variability to 37.7％. The associations between these loci and PK pa-rameters of clopidogrel and H4 were observed in additional patients, and its function on the activation of clopidogrel was validated in liver S9 fractions (P<0.05). Rs2254638 was further identified to exert a marginal risk effect formajor adverse cardiac events in an independent cohort.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that PON1methylation level at CpG site-161 (OR=0.95; 95％ CI=0.92–0.98;P<0.01)and the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors(OR=0.48;95％ CI=0.26–0.89;P<0.01) were associated with decreased risk of bleeding events. In conclusion, new genetic variants were systematically identified as risk factors for the reduced efficacy of clopidogrel treatment.The ab-normal expression of DNA methylation-regulating key genes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacody-namics pathways of clopidogrel and aspirin may modify clinical outcomes in dual antiplatelet-treated pa-tients undergoing PCI.

AIM To study the effects and action mechnism of Xiaoding Ointment (Pyrolusite,Catechu,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,etc.) on rabbits' fracture healing in terms of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) expressions at different time points.METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Qingpeng Ointment (Oxytropis Falcatae Herba,Rhei lhasaense Radix et Rhizoma,Terminalia chebula Fructus,etc.) group and Xiaoding Ointment group.All the other groups,except the blank group,were made with ulna 3 mm bone defect,after which external fixation was applied to both the blank group and the model group.On the 3rd,7th,14th and 28th days after the medications,eight rabbits randomly selected from various groups had their callus morphopathology changes observed under optical microscope,their callus tissue COX-2 mRNA expression levels were detected by realtime fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),and their callus tissue PGE2 and cAMP protein expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Compared with the model group and the Qingpeng Ointment group,the Xiaoding Ointment group exhibited significantly better formation of callus and collagen fibers.The mRNA expression of COX-2,and the protein expressions of PGE2 and cAMP in the Xiaoding Ointment group were remarkably enhanced as revealed on the 7th and 14th days' postoperative check (P ＜ 0.05),and the peak values arrived around the 14th day after the operation.CONCLUSION Xiaoding Ointment's obvious effect on promoting fracture healing may associate with its impact on COX-2/PGE2/cAMP signaling pathway.

Anthocyanin is a water-soluble flavonoid pigment which is widely found in plants. Studies showed that anthocyanin had protective effect on vision. However, whether anthocyanin has therapeutic effect on cataract remain unclear. In this study, we established the age-related and posterior capsule opacification cataract cell models through inducing oxidative damage of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) by H₂O₂ and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by transforming growth factor β₂ (TGF-β₂). The preventative effects of anthocyanin on markers of oxidative damage and EMT were determined by respective assay kits and PCR analysis. Anthocyanin was beneficial to reduce oxidative stress of HLECs, protecting cells from H₂O₂ induced damage and increasing α-crystallin expression. The potential mechanisms might be that anthocyanin increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, which contributes to reduce cellular ROS and MDA level. Besides, anthocyanin inhibited Ca²⁺ overload, which contributes to protection of cell from apoptosis. Meanwhile, anthocyanin had inhibitory effect on EMT, slowed down cell proliferation, migration caused by TGF-β₂ through decreasing mRNA expression levels of EMT markers including COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3, COL4, Fn and α-SMA. The results suggest that anthocyanin could protect HLECs from oxidative damage induced by H₂O₂ and cell proliferation, migration and EMT induced by TGF-β₂, which indicated that anthocyanin may have protective and therapeutic effects on age-related cataract and posterior capsule opacification.