Through data collection and collation combined with bibliometrics， this study conducted a series of textual research on Yanghetang， such as the name and origin， the evolution of prescription composition and modern clinical application. Yanghetang was first recorded in Bencao Yidu of WANG Ang in the Qing dynasty. In addition to Yanghetang， there were 3 bynames of Jiawei Yanghetang， Quanshengji Yanghetang and Zhenjun Yanghetang. Regarding the composition of the formula， a total of 4 versions of Yanghetang were collected. The first version is the 5 medicines version of Cervi Cornus Colla， Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata， Cinnamomi Cortex， Zingiberis Rhizoma and Ephedrae Herba in Bencao Yidu. The second version is the 7 medicines version of Waike Zhengzhi Quanshengji， changing Zingiberis Rhizoma to Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum Carbonisata（ZRPC） and adding Sinapis Semen and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（GRR） on the basis of Bencao Yidu， and most of the Yanghetang is of this version. The third version is the 6 medicines version of Wushi Yifang Huibian， that is， on the basis of Bencao Yidu， Zingiberis Rhizoma is changed into ZRPC， and Sinapis Semen is added. The fourth version is the 6 medicines version in Yifang Jiedu， that is， on the basis of Bencao Yidu， Zingiberis Rhizoma is changed into Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum， and GRR Praeparata cum Melle is added. Regarding the dose of Yanghetang， the doses of the medicines in Waike Zhengzhi Quanshengji was converted into the modern doses as follows：37.3 g of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata， 1.87 g of Ephedrae Herba， 11.19 g of Cervi Cornus Colla， 7.46 g of Sinapis Semen， 3.73 g of Cinnamomi Cortex， 3.73 g of GRR， and 1.87 g of ZRPC. The origins of the above medicines are consistent with the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The processing specification of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata is steaming method， ZRPC is ginger charcoal， Sinapis Semen is the fried products， and the rest of the medicines are raw products. The decoction method was verified by the decoction method in Chonglou Yuyao， which is similar in the time， and it is recommended that the above medicines should be added with 600 mL of water， decocted to 100 mL， and taken warmly 30 min after meal. For each dose， it is recommended to use 1-3 doses per day according to the doctor's advice in combination with clinical practice. The diseases involved in the ancient applications involved 42 diseases in 11 departments， including orthopedics， dermatology and gynecology， which were dominated by Yin-cold syndrome. However， the diseases involved in modern research also include 148 related diseases in 10 departments， such as orthopedics， obstetrics and gynecology， which is consistent with the ancient books. In recent years， the research hotspots of Yanghetang have focused on more than 10 fields， including osteoblasts， malignant tumors， wound healing， traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and so on， which are widely used. It is suitable for comprehensive research and development because of its rational formula composition， clear origin， processing and decoction method， and wide clinical application.

In this study， bibliometric methods were used to systematically investigate the name and origin， the evolution of prescription composition， dose evolution， origin and processing method， decoction method， ancient application， modified application， modern application and other information of Huoxiang Zhengqisan. After research， Huoxiang Zhengqisan， also known as Huoxiang Zhengqitang， was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Hejijufang. The original formula is composed of 41.3 g of Arecae Pericarpium， 41.3 g of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， 41.3 g of Perilla frutescens（actually Perillae Folium）， 41.3 g of Poria， 82.6 g of Pinelliae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（actually Citri Exocarpium Rubbum）， 82.6 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 82.6 g of Platycodonis Radix， 123.9 g of Pogostemonis Herba， and 103.25 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. In this formula， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is processed according to the specifications for ginger-processed products， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is processed according to the specifications for stir-fried products， and other herbs are used in their raw products. The botanical sources of the herbs are consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. The above herbs are ground into a fine powder with a particle size passing through a No. 5 sieve. For each dose， take 8.26 g of the powdered formula， add 300 mL of water， along with 3 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and 3 g of Jujubae Fructus， and decoct until reduced to 140 mL. The decoction should be administered hot， with three times daily. To induce sweating， the patient should be kept warm under a quilt， and an additional dose should be prepared and taken if needed. This formula is traditionally used to relieve the exterior and resolve dampness， regulate Qi and harmonize the middle， which is mainly used to treat a series of diseases of digestive and respiratory systems. However， potential adverse reactions， including allergies， purpura and disulfiram-like reactions， should be considered during clinical use. Huoxiang Zhengqisan features a rational composition， extensive clinical application， and strong potential for further research and development.

In this study， bibliometric methods were used to systematically investigate the name and origin， the evolution of prescription composition， dose evolution， origin and processing method， decoction method， ancient application， modified application， modern application and other information of Huoxiang Zhengqisan. After research， Huoxiang Zhengqisan， also known as Huoxiang Zhengqitang， was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Hejijufang. The original formula is composed of 41.3 g of Arecae Pericarpium， 41.3 g of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， 41.3 g of Perilla frutescens（actually Perillae Folium）， 41.3 g of Poria， 82.6 g of Pinelliae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， 82.6 g of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（actually Citri Exocarpium Rubbum）， 82.6 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 82.6 g of Platycodonis Radix， 123.9 g of Pogostemonis Herba， and 103.25 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. In this formula， Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is processed according to the specifications for ginger-processed products， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is processed according to the specifications for stir-fried products， and other herbs are used in their raw products. The botanical sources of the herbs are consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. The above herbs are ground into a fine powder with a particle size passing through a No. 5 sieve. For each dose， take 8.26 g of the powdered formula， add 300 mL of water， along with 3 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and 3 g of Jujubae Fructus， and decoct until reduced to 140 mL. The decoction should be administered hot， with three times daily. To induce sweating， the patient should be kept warm under a quilt， and an additional dose should be prepared and taken if needed. This formula is traditionally used to relieve the exterior and resolve dampness， regulate Qi and harmonize the middle， which is mainly used to treat a series of diseases of digestive and respiratory systems. However， potential adverse reactions， including allergies， purpura and disulfiram-like reactions， should be considered during clinical use. Huoxiang Zhengqisan features a rational composition， extensive clinical application， and strong potential for further research and development.

Lianggesan was first recorded in Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang， which was composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， Natrii Sulfas， Gardeniae Fructus， Forsythiae Fructus， Scutellariae Radix， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（GRR）， Menthae Haplocalycis Herba， Lophatheri Herba and Mel. It was clinically applied to treat fire-heat syndrome in the upper and middle Jiao， and the curative effect was positive. In this study， the bibliometric method was used to conduct a detailed textual research on the formula name， medicinal composition， dosage evolution， origin and processing， functional indications and other aspects of Lianggesan. Research revealed that Lianggesan has six other names， such as Lianqiao Yinzi， Lianqiao Jiedusan， Jufang Lianggesan， Jiegu Lianggesan， Hejian Lianggesan and Qingji Lianggesan. Based on the edition of Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang， an analysis of the evolution of its formula composition revealed that the missing Chinese medicines were predominantly bamboo leaves and honey， while the added Chinese medicines were primarily supplements introduced to address changes in disease manifestations. After textual research， the dosage for one dose of Lianggesan from Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang was as follows：826 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， 826 g of Natrii Sulfas， 826 g of GRR， 413 g of Gardeniae Fructus， 413 g of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba， 413 g of Scutellariae Radix， and 1652 g of Forsythiae Fructus. Decocting method was as following：Grinding the Chinese medicines into coarse powder（2-4 mm）， taking 8.16 g per dose， adding 300 mL of water， along with 2 g of Lophatheri Herba and 5 g of Mel， and decocting to 140 mL. The residue was removed and taken warmly 30 min after meals. It was recommended to take it three times daily until improvement was achieved. The origins of the 9 Chinese medicines were consistent with the 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Except for GRR， which required single frying（stir-frying）， the remaining medicines were all raw products. The description of the function of this formula in ancient books was summarized as purging fire and promoting bowel movements， clearing heat from the upper body and purging the lower body， and the main syndromes included facial redness， tongue swelling， red eyes， etc. In modern applications， the formula is primarily used for respiratory and digestive system diseases， including acute lung injury， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， herpetic angina and aphthous stomatitis， covering 142 types of diseases. In summary， this paper can provide a basis for further research and development of Lianggesan through the literature review and key information combing.

Objective:To investigate the rates of low disease activity and clinical remission in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)in a real-world setting,and to analyze the related factors of low disease activity and clinical remission.Methods:One thousand patients with SLE were enrolled from 11 teaching hospitals.Demographic,clinical and laboratory data,as well as treatment regimes were collec-ted by self-completed questionnaire.The rates of low disease activity and remission were calculated based on the lupus low disease activity state(LLDAS)and definitions of remission in SLE(DORIS).Charac-teristics of patients with LLDAS and DORIS were analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the related factors of LLDAS and DORIS remission.Results:20.7％of patients met the criteria of LLDAS,while 10.4％of patients achieved remission defined by DORIS.Patients who met LLDAS or DORIS remission had significantly higher proportion of patients with high income and longer disease duration,compared with non-remission group.Moreover,the rates of anemia,creatinine eleva-tion,increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and hypoalbuminemia was significantly lower in the LLDAS or DORIS group than in the non-remission group.Patients who received hydroxychloroquine for more than 12 months or immunosuppressant therapy for no less than 6 months earned higher rates of LLDAS and DORIS remission.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that increased ESR,positive anti-dsDNA antibodies,low level of complement(C3 and C4),proteinuria,low household in-come were negatively related with LLDAS and DORIS remission.However,hydroxychloroquine usage for longer than 12 months were positively related with LLDAS and DORIS remission.Conclusion:LLDAS and DORIS remission of SLE patients remain to be improved.Treatment-to-target strategy and standar-dized application of hydroxychloroquine and immunosuppressants in SLE are recommended.

Objective    To evaluate the application value of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in preoperative surgical diagnosis of new classification criteria for lung adenocarcinoma, which is helpful to develop a deep learning model of artificial intelligence in the auxiliary diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Methods    The clinical data of 173 patients with ground-glass lung nodules with a diameter of ≤2 cm, who were admitted from October 2018 to June 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 55 were males and 118 were females with a median age of 61 (28-82) years. Pulmonary nodules in different parts of the same patient were treated as independent events, and a total of 181 subjects were included. According to the new classification criteria of pathological types, they were divided into pre-invasive lesions (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and and adenocarcinoma in situ), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma. The relationship between 3D reconstruction parameters and different pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma, and their diagnostic values were analyzed by multiplanar reconstruction and volume reconstruction techniques. Results    In different pathological types of lung adenocarcinoma, the diameter of lung nodules (P<0.001), average CT value (P<0.001), consolidation/tumor ratio (CTR, P<0.001), type of nodules (P<0.001), nodular morphology (P<0.001), pleural indenlation sign (P<0.001), air bronchogram sign (P=0.010), vascular access inside the nodule (P=0.005), TNM staging (P<0.001) were significantly different, while nodule growth sites were not (P=0.054). At the same time, it was also found that with the increased invasiveness of different pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma, the proportion of dominant signs of each group gradually increased. Meanwhile, nodule diameter and the average CT value or CTR were independent risk factors for malignant degree of lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion    Imaging signs of lung adenocarcinoma in 3D reconstruction, including nodule diameter, the average CT value, CTR, shape, type, vascular access conditions, air bronchogram sign, pleural indenlation sign, play an important role in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma subtype and can provide guidance for personalized therapy to patients in clinics.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of plastic bronchitis caused by severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, to find the risk factors for plastic bronchitis, and to provide references for judging the prognosis and comprehensively formulating treatment plans.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data(146 cases)of children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia who underwent bronchoscopy in the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019.According to whether it was plastic bronchitis, all patients were divided into plastic bronchitis group(68 cases) and non-plastic bronchitis group(78 cases), and the gender, age, laboratory examination indicators, imaging characteristics and treatment of children were collected under the circumstances.The single factor with clinical significance and statistical significance would be subjected to multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age, heat duration, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein value, and interleukin-6 value between the two groups(all P>0.05). The percentage of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, number of cases of pleural effusion, length of hospital stay, and number of endoscopy in the plastic bronchitis group were higher than those in non-plastic bronchitis group, the number of right upper lobe consolidation cases was less than that in the non-plastic bronchitis group, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that pleural effusion( OR=4.898, 95% CI 2.195-10.926) and lactate dehydrogenase ( OR=1.051, 95% CI 1.003-1.101) were independent predictors of plastic bronchitis in children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Conclusion:For children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, if lung CT shows that the upper lobe of the non-right lung is uniformly compacted and complicated with pleural effusion, lactate dehydrogenase is significantly increased, and attention should be paid to the possibility of plastic bronchitis.Timely improvement of fiberoptic bronchoscopy may shorten the course of the disease and reduce the occurrence of complications.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a risk factor for lung cancer. Patients with lung cancer associated with ILD (LC-ILD) often appear clinically. During the treatment of LC-ILD, there is a risk of causing acute exacerbation or even death in the treatment of lung cancer. At the same time, combining ILD has become the exclusion criteria for prospective clinical trials of most lung cancers. Therefore, when lung cancer is combined with ILD, it often becomes a difficult point for the treatment of lung cancer. Because LC-ILD patients have a certain proportion in the clinic, it is necessary to explore the best treatment options. Here we review the results of existing clinical studies for reference.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of children with atopic mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of children with atopic mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.Methods:One hundred and eighty cases of children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2018 to December 2018 were selected. According to whether they had atopic constitution, they were divided into atopic mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(AMPP)group(84 cases)and non-atopic mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(NAMPP)group(96 cases). The clinical data of age, sex, fever time, hospital stay, application time of macrolides, white blood cells, CRP, LDH, and lung CT were collected from the two groups, and the differences in clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and imaging manifestations of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively.Results:(1)Both the absolute value of eosinophils and total IgE values in the AMPP group were higher than those in the NAMPP group, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). The incidence of severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP)and/or refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP)and chest imaging manifestations of interstitial pneumonia in the AMPP group was higher, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). (2)The incidence of wheezing in the AMPP group was 48.81%(41 cases/84 cases), which was significantly higher than that in the NAMPP group 22.92%(22 cases/96 cases). The duration of cough and wheezing in the AMPP group was longer than that in the NAMPP group( P<0.05), with statistically significant differences( P<0.05). (3)In the AMPP group, 36.90%(31 cases /84 cases)of the children received intravenous methylprednisolone treatment, which was significantly higher than the 20.83%(20cases /96 cases)of the NAMPP group. Lung rales absorption time in the AMPP group[(9.73±3.59)d] was significantly longer than that in the NAMPP group[(7.52±2.44)d], and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Lung CT examination showed that the absorption of lung inflammation in the AMPP group was worse than that in the NAMPP group, with a statistically significant difference( P<0.05). The hospitalization time of children in the AMPP group[(10.88±4.17)d] was longer than that in the NAMPP group[(9.68±2.68)d], with a statistically significant difference( P<0.05). Conclusion:The condition of AMPP is more serious than that of NAMPP, and it is more likely to cause incomplete absorption of pulmonary inflammation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and imagological changes of atopic children with ADV pneumonia.Methods:One hundred and twenty cases of children with ADV pneumonia selected from Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Pediatric Respiratory Department from June 2018 to December 2019.According to whether had atopy and severity of pneumonia, the children were divided into atopic group 42 cases (mild pneumonia 30 cases, severe pneumonia 12 cases)and non-atopic group 78 cases(mild pneumonia 50 cases, severe pneumonia 28 cases). The children were treated according to the guidelines of ADV pneumonia diagnosis and treatment.Laboratory examination, clinical manifestations, clinical features during hospitalization, pulmonary imaging changes at admission, at discharge and follow-up 1 month after discharge were statistically analyzed.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of severe cough and wheezing between the atopic children and non-atopic children with mild pneumonia( P=0.041, P=0.004, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the proportion of children with small airway changes indicated by lung CT at admission and 1 month after discharge( P>0.05). The risk of wheezing during hospitalization of atopic children was 2.32 times as much as that of non-atopic children with mild pneumonia.The risk of developing severe cough was 1.72 times as much as that of non-atopic children with mild pneumonia.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of wheezing after admission and after discharge between the atopic children and non-atopic children with severe pneumonia( P=0.002, P=0.034, respectively). There were significant differences in the proportion of small airway changes at admission and at discharge between the two groups( P=0.001, P=0.009, respectively). The risk of wheezing during hospitalization of atopic children was 1.94 times as much as that of non-atopic children with severe pneumonia.The risk of wheezing after discharge was 1.98 times as much as that of the non-atopic children with severe pneumonia.The risk of small airway change on admission in atopic children group was 1.25 times as much as that of non-atopic children with severe pneumonia.The risk of having small airway changes 1 month after discharge in atopic children group was 2.31 times as much as that of non-atopic children with severe pneumonia. Conclusion:Atopic children with ADV pneumonia had severe cough and wheezing, and atopic children with severe pneumonia are prone to small airway changes, long imaging recovery time and regular follow-up, which should be paid attention by clinicians.