AIM:To investigate the effects of overexpressing α-Klotho(KL)in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by oxidative stress on the proliferation, migration, tube-formation and tight junction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS:RAW264.7 cells were categorized into control, 4-hydroxynonenal(4HNE), and 4HNE+KL groups, with F4/80 expression assessed via immunofluorescence staining. Three groups of conditional media were prepared for HUVECs and culture divided into Mø-NC, Mø-4HNE, and Mø-4HNE+KL groups. Cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK8 assay, while scratch test and Transwell assays were employed to measure cell migration. Additionally, tube-formation assay was conducted to assess cell tubule formation, and Western blot assay was utilized to detect the protein expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin and ZO 1.RESULTS:The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the fluorescence intensity of F4/80 of RAW264.7 cells in the 4HNE group was significantly enhanced compared with the control group, while that of F4/80 in the 4HNE+KL group was significantly decreased compared with the 4HNE group(all P<0.05). The CCK8 assay results revealed a significant increase in the proliferation of HUVECs in the Mø-4HNE group compared with the Mø-NC group. Conversely, the proliferation of the Mø-4HNE+KL group exhibited a significant decrease compared with that in the Mø-4HNE group(all P<0.01). The results of scratch test and Transwell assays demonstrated a significant increase in the migration of HUVECs in the Mø-4HNE group compared with the Mø-NC group, while the migration of the Mø-4HNE+KL group exhibited a significant decrease compared with the Mø-4HNE group(all P<0.01). In the tube-formation assay, it was observed that the number of tubes formed by HUVECs in the Mø-4HNE group was significantly increased compared with the Mø-NC group, while that of tubes formed in the Mø-4HNE+KL group was significantly decreased compared with the Mø-4HNE group(all P<0.01). Additionally, the Western blot results revealed a significant decrease in the relative expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin, and ZO 1 in the Mø-4HNE group compared with the Mø-NC group. Conversely, in the Mø-4HNE+KL group, there was a significant increase in the relative expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin, and ZO 1 compared to the Mø-4HNE group(all P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: KL inhibits the proliferation, migration, and tube-formation of HUVECs while enhancing the tight junction by changing the activation state of macrophages in the diabetic oxidative stress environment.

Objective:To determine the karyotype of a patient with mosaicism complex structural aberration of chromosome 18.Methods:A male patient with a 2-year history of infertility presented at the Center of Reproductive Medicine of the Third Hospital of Peking University in October 2019 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the patient was collected. Peripheral blood sample was taken for chromosomal karyotyping, copy number variation (CNV) analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay. Semen sample was taken for single sperm CNV analysis. Results:The patient was found to have a karyotype of mos 47, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23)[84]/46, XY, del(18)(q21q23)[9]/48, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23)×2[6]/47, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23×2)[1]. ish 47, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23)[84]/46, XY, del(18)(q21q23)[9]/48, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23)×2[6]/47, XY, del(18)(q21q23), + r(18)(q21q23×2)[1]del(18)(q21q23)( D18Z1+, 18p+, 18q+, WCP18+ ), r(18)(q21q23)(WCP18+ ), r(18)(q21q23×2)(WCP18+ ). No pathogenic CNV was identified. Sequencing of 20 single sperms showed that 1 sperm was normal, 1 had yielded no result, 9 had harbored del(18q), 7 had harbored dup(18q)×2, and 2 had harbored dup(18q)×3. The dup/del fragments had both spanned approximately 33 Mb. Conclusion:It is rare for carriers of complex structural and numerical abnormalities of chromosome 18 to have a normal phenotype. Based on the accurate cytogenetic and molecular analyses and the single sperm CNV analysis, the influence of the aberrant karyotype on the gametogenesis may be evaluated.

Objective:To summarize the best evidence for preventing and managing radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods:The clinical decisions, best practices, guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, and evidence summaries regarding the prevention and management of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer were retrieved from UpToDate, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medlive, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, European Society for Medical Oncology, Cochrane Library, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, China Biology Medicine disc and so on. The search period was from database establishment to November 30, 2023.Results:A total of 18 articles were included, involving six guidelines, two expert consensus, eight systematic reviews, and two evidence summaries. Thirty-four best pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects of assessment: drug prevention, non-drug prevention, anti-infection and analgesic management, health education, and multidisciplinary team management.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for preventing and managing radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Medical and nursing staff should consider the patient's characteristics, disease condition, and willingness when selecting and applying evidence.

Objective To construct a prokaryotic expression vector of of the long QT syndrome(LQTS)associated C-terminal lobe of calmodulin(CaM)mutant E141G(C-lobeE141G)and to identify the expression,purification,and activity of C-lobeE141G.Methods A cDNA fragment was inserted into a PGEX-6p-3 plasmid vector and transferred into Escherichia coli BL21 receptor cells,and glutathione-S-trans-ferase(GST)fusion protein was induced by isopropyl thio-β-D galactoside(IPTG).Glutathione-Sepharose 4B beads were used to separate and purify GST-C-lobeE141G.After removing the GST label with protease,the purity and concentration of purified C-lobeE141G were detected using SDS-PAGE and BCA,respectively.The activity of purified C-lobeE141G was detected using the GST pull-down method and patch clamp technique.Results GST-C-lobeE141G fusion protein was highly expressed,and C-lobeE141G with high purity and concentration was obtained.The purified C-lobeE141G protein not only bound to CaV1.2 calcium channels,but also rescued the channel activity from run-down in the ventricular myocytes of rat hearts.Conclusion This study successfully constructed a prokaryotic expression vector of C-lobeE141G,which provides a material basis for the study of the mechanism of LQTS mediated by C-lobe mutations in CaM.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of tessellation fundus (TF) among Tianjin Medical University students with different refractive statuses.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From September to December 2019, 346 students from Tianjin Medical University were randomly selected and underwent slit-lamp examination, non-cycloplegic auto-refraction, subjective refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, ocular biometric measurement, and non-dilation fundus photography. The differences in the prevalence of TF in basic characteristics and ocular biometric parameters were compared. Based on the equivalent spherical (SE), refractive status was divided into the non-myopia group (SE>-0.50 D) and the myopia group (SE≤-0.50 D). The myopia group was further divided into mild myopia group (-3.00 D26 mm group. The logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting TF. Trend tests were performed for each risk factor and TF.Results:Of the 346 subjects, 324 (93.6%, 324/346) were myopia, of whom 73 (21.1%, 73/346), 167 (48.3%, 167/346), and 84 (24.3%, 84/346) were mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia, respectively; 22 (6.4%, 22/346) were non-myopia. There were 294 (85.0%, 294/346) students with TF in the macula, including 9 (40.91%, 9/22), 58 (79.45%, 58/73), 145 (86.83%, 145/167), and 82 (97.62%, 82/84) in non-myopia, low myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia group, respectively; 52 (15.0%, 52/346) students were without TF in the macula. There were statistically significant gender differences ( χ2=4.47), SE ( t=6.29), AL ( t=-8.29), anterior chamber depth ( Z=-2.62), lens thickness ( Z=-2.23), and average corneal radius ( Z=-3.58) between students with and without TF in the macula ( P<0.05). Spherical equivalent and axial length were independent risk factors for TF and its severity ( P≤0.001). With an increasing degree of myopia, and increasing axial length, the risk of TF increased ( P for trend<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence of TF is 85.0% among Tianjin Medical University students. TF is detected in the fundus of no myopia, mild myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia. The degree of myopia is higher, the AL is longer, the possibility of TF is higher.

In recent years, the rapid increase in cancer treatment costs in China had brought a huge economic burden to society, and it was urgent to standardize the rational application of anti-tumor drugs. In the context of the reform of group payment related to disease diagnosis, a tertiary first-class hospital focused on the needs of patients and guided by value-based healthcare, established a professional and normalized refined anti-tumor drug management system, setted up a multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment team, and promoted " Internet plus pharmaceutical services" in December 2018.From 2019 to 2021, the proportion of hospital drugs were 30.8%, 30.1%, and 27.3%, respectively. The amount of money spent on anti-tumor drugs were 83.25 million yuan, 76.41 million yuan, and 62.48 million yuan, respectively, showing a decreasing trend year by year. The practice of refined management of anti-tumor drugs fully reflected the core concept of value based healthcare, achieving closed-loop management of the entire process of drugs, improving the level of rational drug use, reducing the economic burden on patients, and providing reference for improving the level of rational use of anti-tumor drugs in public hospitals.

Cancer anorexia/cachexia syndrome (cancer anorexia cachexia syndrome, CACS) is a common complication in advanced cancer patients, which is characterized by reduced feeding, sustained weight loss, general fatigue and weakness. CACS related symptoms make patients suffer from a series of adverse psychosocial effects, such as anxiety, pain and social isolation, thus bringing serious adverse effects on patients′ individuals, families and society. This paper reviewed the symptoms associated with CACS and their psychosocial effects, as well as the interventions related to adverse psychosocial effects, in order to provide theoretical reference for alleviating psychosocial distress and improving health-related quality of life of patients with CACS.

Objective:To construct standard strains representing the main epidemic clades of HIV-1 in China, amplify the virus strains, and establish a seed lot.Methods:Six isolates of HIV-1 virus were identified and analyzed in genotype and phenotype, according to " interpretation for the social organization of the Standard strains of pathogenic microorganism- technical specifications for establishment of HIV strains". The isolates were amplified and cultivated to generate the secondary generation primary seed lot and the third generation working seed lot as frozen storage in liquid nitrogen. Results:Six HIV-1 standard strains were obtained, of which 3 strains are CRF_ 07BC (NRPC2.4.9003, NRPC2.4.9005, NRPC2.4.9006), 1 strain is CRF_ 01AE (NRPC2.4.9001), 1 strain is CRF_ 08BC (NRPC2.4.9002), and 1 strain is URF (NRPC2.4.9004). Phenotypic detection showed that all six strains are CCR5 tropics and Non syncytia inducing virus. TCID 50 were all greater than 1 × 10 5/ml, and concentrations of p24 antigen were all higher than 2 ng/ml. A primary seed lot with no less than 20 vials per strain and a working seed lot with no less than 50 vials per strain were constructed. The standard virus strains were used in evaluating antiviral drugs PEG2kC34, PEG5kC34, LP-19, and neutralizing antibody LSEVh LS-F. Conclusions:Six standard strains of HIV-1 virus covering the three main epidemic subtypes of HIV-1 in China have been obtained, and a storage of HIV-1 standard strain was constructed. It meets the need of the preservation of HIV-1 standard strains in China and provides support for drug and vaccine evaluation.

Objective:To translate the Health Literacy of Caregivers Scale-Cancer (HLCS-C) into Chinese and test its reliability and validity.Methods:The British translation model was used to translate and back translate the English version scale, and the Chinese version scale was initially verified and revised through expert consultation and pre-test. From June to September 2021, 242 caregivers of cervical cancer patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital were selected by convenient sampling. The revised Chinese version of HLCS-C was used to investigate the caregivers for reliability and validity test. A total of 242 questionnaires were distributed and 226 valid questionnaires were recovered.Results:There were 44 items in the Chinese version of HLCS-C. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale included 8 dimensions, namely cancer information collection, cancer information mastery, social support, cancer related communication with patients, understanding of patients' needs and preferences, health and healthcare service use, health information processing, and active participation with medical and nursing staff, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 73.448%. The scale-level content validity index ( S- CVI) was 0.981, and the item-level content validity index ( I- CVI) was 0.833 to 1.000. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.946, and Cronbach's α coefficient of each dimension was 0.700 to 0.945. The total half-reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.791, and the half-reliability coefficient of each dimension was 0.635 to 0.867. Conclusions:The Chinese version of HLCS-C has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an assessment tool for the health literacy of cervical cancer caregivers.

Objective:To quantitatively analyze the protein expression changes of the optic nerve in an SD rat model of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), and to make bioinformatics analysis of the differential proteins.Methods:Ten 8-week-old SPF male SD rats with a body mass of 200-250 g were selected.The NAION model was established using the method of rose bengal and laser photodynamics.Four from the 8 rats with successful model were selected as the NAION model group.Another 4 body weight- and age-matched healthy SD rats without eye diseases were taken as the normal control group.The optic nerve was dissected on the 7th day after modeling.The samples were prepared by the enzyme digestion method, and the proteins were identified and quantitatively detected by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The proteins with expression fold greater than 1.5 times and significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05) were defined as differentially expressed proteins and analyzed by bioinformatics.The use and care of animals complied with Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by the State Science and Technology Commission of China.The study protocol was approved by an Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.TJYY2021041029). Results:Three days after modeling, the optic disc of rats was swollen and fluorescein leakage in the optic disc was detected in fluorescein fundus angiography images in the NAION model group, which indicated the model was established successfully.A total of 1 291 quantifiable proteins including 80 differentially expressed proteins were identified.Compared with the normal control group, there were 5 up-regulated proteins and 75 down-regulated proteins.The expression levels of collagen alpha-1(V) chain (Col5A1), cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta (Prkacb) and disks large homolog 1(Dlg1) were increased, and the expression levels of neurofilament medium polypeptide (Nefm), microtubule-associated protein 1B (Map1b), Ras-related protein Ral-A (Rala), serine/threonine-protein kinase N2 (Pkn2) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta (Pafah1b1) were decreased.Differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in the biological processes, including regulation of the cytoskeleton, cellular response to hypoxia, axon production and extension, regulation of synapse, regulation of neuron apoptosis and axo-dendritic transport, etc.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in metabolic pathways, synaptic vesicle circulation and platelet activation.Conclusions:The expression of proteins related to signal pathways such as nerve growth, energy metabolism, axo-dendritic transport and apoptosis is involved in the apoptosis of neurons in NAION.