ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of entecavir （ETV） versus tenofovir alafenamide fumarate （TAF） on renal function in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 167 previously untreated CHB patients who received ETV or TAF treatment for at least 48 weeks at the outpatient service of Department of Infectious Diseases in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September 2019 to November 2023， and according to the antiviral drug used， they were divided into ETV group with 117 patients and TAF group with 50 patients. In order to balance baseline clinical data， propensity score matching （PSM） was used for matching and analysis at a ratio of 2∶1， and the two groups were compared in terms of estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） and the incidence rate of abnormal renal function at week 48. According to eGFR at week 48， the patients were divided into normal renal function group and abnormal renal function group. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for abnormal renal function， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to assess the performance of each indicator in predicting abnormal renal function. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function， and the log-rank test was used for comparison. The analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare the dynamic changes of eGFR during antiviral therapy in CHB patients. ResultsAfter PSM matching， there were 100 patients in the ETV group and 50 patients in the TAF group. There were no significant differences in baseline clinical data between the ETV group and the TAF group （all P>0.05）， with an eGFR level of 112.29±9.92 mL/min/1.73 m² in the ETV group and 114.72±12.15 mL/min/1.73 m² in the TAF group. There was a reduction in eGFR from baseline to week 48 in both groups， and compared with the TAF group at week 48， the ETV group had a significantly lower eGFR （106.42±14.12 mL/min/1.73 m² vs 112.25±13.44 mL/min/1.73 m²， t=-2.422， P=0.017） and a significantly higher incidence rate of abnormal renal function （17.00% vs 4.00%， χ²=5.092， P=0.024）. After the patients were divided into normal renal function group with 131 patients and abnormal renal function group with 19 patients， the univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in age （Z=-2.039， P=0.041）， treatment drug （ETV/TAF） （χ²=5.092， P=0.024）， and baseline eGFR level （t=4.023， P<0.001）， and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline eGFR （odds ratio ［OR］=0.896， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 0.841 — 0.955， P<0.001） and treatment drug （OR=5.589， 95%CI： 1.136 — 27.492， P=0.034） were independent influencing factors for abnormal renal function. Baseline eGFR had an area under the ROC curve of 0.781 in predicting abnormal renal function in CHB patients， with a cut-off value of 105.24 mL/min/1.73 m²， a sensitivity of 73.68%， and a specificity of 82.44%. The Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that the patients with baseline eGFR≤105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² had a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function than those with baseline eGFR>105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² （χ²=22.330， P<0.001）， and the ETV group had a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate of abnormal renal function than the TAF group （χ²=4.961， P=0.026）. With the initiation of antiviral therapy， both the ETV group and the TAF group had a significant reduction in eGFR （F=5.259， P<0.001）， but the ETV group only had a significant lower level of eGFR than the TAF group at week 48 （t=-2.422， P=0.017）； both the baseline eGFR≤105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² group and the baseline eGFR>105.24 mL/min/1.73 m² group had a significant reduction in eGFR （F=5.712， P<0.001）， and there was a significant difference in eGFR between the two groups at baseline and weeks 12， 24， 36， and 48 （t=-13.927， -9.780， -8.835， -9.489， and -8.953， all P<0.001）. ConclusionFor CHB patients initially treated with ETV or TAF， ETV antiviral therapy has a higher risk of renal injury than TAF therapy at week 48.

ObjectiveChinese patent medicines for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are diverse and complex in their efficacy. The traditional classification method based on efficacy categories has certain limitations and cannot meet the clinical needs for individualized drug selection and variety comparison. This article， based on the formulation compatibility analysis technology of "Tangye Jingfa Tu"， clarifies the composition and efficacy characteristics of common Chinese patent medicines used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， providing support for the precise selection of these medicines. MethodsFifty-six representative Chinese patent medicines， covering all the efficacy subcategories of "stasis-resolving agents" in the National Basic Medical Insurance， Work Injury Insurance， and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalogue （2023） （more than 50% of the total）， were selected for the study. Within the knowledge system of "Tangye Jingfa Tu"， the compatibility structure of herbal flavors and the proportion structure of herbal quantities for each Chinese patent medicine were determined. The correlation between these structures and the efficacy categories was analyzed to identify the similarities and differences among the selected Chinese patent medicines. Additionally， the efficacy was reclassified and compared according to the theoretical framework of tonifying and purging methods of five Zang organs in the "Tangye Jingfa Tu". ResultsThe representative Chinese patent medicines included in the analysis were Shexiang Baoxin pills， Danshen tablets， Qili Qiangxin capsules， Breviscapine tablets， etc.， covering all the efficacy subcategories of "stasis-resolving agents". Among the 56 representative Chinese patent medicines， salty flavor was the most common （48）， followed by pungent （33）， and sweet （26）. According to the dominant herbal flavor， salty flavor was the most common （37）， followed by pungent （9）， and sour （5）. According to the dominant herbal quantity， salty flavor was the most common （27）， followed by sour （7）， and pungent （5）. Furthermore， Chinese patent medicines with different efficacy subtypes showed different flavor characteristics. For example， most Qi-invigorating and blood-activating agents contained sweet drugs for tonifying the spleen （9/10）， most Qi-moving and blood-activating agents contained pungent drugs for tonifying the liver （7/8）， and all kidney-invigorating and blood-activating agents contained bitter drugs for tonifying the kidneys （6/6）. However， the efficacy classification of individual medicines did not always align with the compatibility characteristics of their formulas， as seen with Dengyin Naotong capsules. ConclusionThe formulations of Chinese patent medicines for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases predominantly feature salty， sour， and pungent flavors， which largely conform to the therapeutic principles of "nourishing the heart with salt and soothing the heart with sour" and the liver-heart， heart-spleen mother-child treatment relationship shown in the "Tangye Jingfa Tu". Using the "Tangye Jingfa Tu" framework to conduct research on the structure and efficacy characteristics of Chinese patent medicines is objective and effective.

ObjectiveChinese patent medicines for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are diverse and complex in their efficacy. The traditional classification method based on efficacy categories has certain limitations and cannot meet the clinical needs for individualized drug selection and variety comparison. This article， based on the formulation compatibility analysis technology of "Tangye Jingfa Tu"， clarifies the composition and efficacy characteristics of common Chinese patent medicines used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， providing support for the precise selection of these medicines. MethodsFifty-six representative Chinese patent medicines， covering all the efficacy subcategories of "stasis-resolving agents" in the National Basic Medical Insurance， Work Injury Insurance， and Maternity Insurance Drug Catalogue （2023） （more than 50% of the total）， were selected for the study. Within the knowledge system of "Tangye Jingfa Tu"， the compatibility structure of herbal flavors and the proportion structure of herbal quantities for each Chinese patent medicine were determined. The correlation between these structures and the efficacy categories was analyzed to identify the similarities and differences among the selected Chinese patent medicines. Additionally， the efficacy was reclassified and compared according to the theoretical framework of tonifying and purging methods of five Zang organs in the "Tangye Jingfa Tu". ResultsThe representative Chinese patent medicines included in the analysis were Shexiang Baoxin pills， Danshen tablets， Qili Qiangxin capsules， Breviscapine tablets， etc.， covering all the efficacy subcategories of "stasis-resolving agents". Among the 56 representative Chinese patent medicines， salty flavor was the most common （48）， followed by pungent （33）， and sweet （26）. According to the dominant herbal flavor， salty flavor was the most common （37）， followed by pungent （9）， and sour （5）. According to the dominant herbal quantity， salty flavor was the most common （27）， followed by sour （7）， and pungent （5）. Furthermore， Chinese patent medicines with different efficacy subtypes showed different flavor characteristics. For example， most Qi-invigorating and blood-activating agents contained sweet drugs for tonifying the spleen （9/10）， most Qi-moving and blood-activating agents contained pungent drugs for tonifying the liver （7/8）， and all kidney-invigorating and blood-activating agents contained bitter drugs for tonifying the kidneys （6/6）. However， the efficacy classification of individual medicines did not always align with the compatibility characteristics of their formulas， as seen with Dengyin Naotong capsules. ConclusionThe formulations of Chinese patent medicines for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases predominantly feature salty， sour， and pungent flavors， which largely conform to the therapeutic principles of "nourishing the heart with salt and soothing the heart with sour" and the liver-heart， heart-spleen mother-child treatment relationship shown in the "Tangye Jingfa Tu". Using the "Tangye Jingfa Tu" framework to conduct research on the structure and efficacy characteristics of Chinese patent medicines is objective and effective.

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the expansion of international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation. Against this backdrop, the radiological health research institutions bear important responsibilities in the field of international radiological health. As a key institution in the industry, the National Institute for Radiological Protection (NIRP), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention shoulders the important mission of promoting international exchanges in radiation health in China. A case study was conducted on the NIRP using data of official overseas visits from 2010 to 2024. The SWOT analysis was used to comprehensively and systematically examine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges of NIRP in international cooperation and exchanges. To effectively enhance the depth and scope of international exchanges, this article proposes a series of innovative optimization strategies such as establishing dedicated personnel positions to ensure efficient handling of affairs, implementing stringent approval procedures to guarantee the rationality and compliance of overseas visits, strengthening pre-departure training to improve the professionalism of outbound personnel, conducting follow-up evaluations to continuously refine management practices, and centralizing the management of official passports to ensure their secure use. This article aims to provide practical optimization strategies for the management of official overseas visits for NIRP and other similar institutions, promote international exchanges and cooperation in the field of radiation health, and help China play a more important role in the global radiation health field.

The seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes (SPS), as a special class of sesquiterpenes with a highly oxidative five-ring cage structure and seven consecutive chiral centers, are isolated from the genus Illicium, which have a variety of biological activities, including neurotoxicity and neurotrophic effects, etc. This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SPS, and discusses the potential trend and scope of future research.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the mechanism in which Celastrus orbiculatus extract （COE） affects the proliferation and differentiation of gastric organoids and the expression of Lgr5 and thus reverses the precancerous lesions of gastric cancer （PLGC） by regulating the leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 （Lgr5）/Wingless （Wnt）/β-catenin signaling pathway based on a gastric organoid injury model. MethodGastric organoids were established based on stem cells of the mouse gastric gland. Gastric organoid injury models were constructed by treating gastric organoids with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine （MNNG， 0.02 mg·L^-1）. Gastric organoid injury models were randomly divided into normal group， model group （0.02 mg·L^-1 MNNG）， low， medium， and high dose （5， 10， 20 mg·L^-1） groups of COE， and Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-related protein 1 （DKK1） （0.5 mg·L^-1） group， and they were treated with respective agents for 24 h. The number and volume of gastric organoids under different drug concentrations were observed under a microscope. The viability of the gastric organoid injury models was detected by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay. The morphology and pathology of gastric organoids were observed using Hematoxylin and Eosin （HE） staining. The expression levels of Lgr5， Mucin2 （MUC2）， Mucin5AC （MUC5AC）， Mucin6 （MUC6）， Wnt， and β-catenin in gastric organoids under different drug concentrations were detected by Western blot （WB）. ResultCompared with the normal group， the number， volume， and activity of gastric organoids in the model group were decreased （P<0.01）， while the expressions of Lgr5， MUC2， Wnt， and β-catenin were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The expressions of MUC5AC and MUC6 were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the number and volume of gastric organoids in the low， medium， and high dose groups of COE were all improved （P<0.01）， and the vitality of gastric organoids was significantly enhanced （P<0.01）. The effect was the most significant at a COE concentration of 20 mg·L^-1 （P<0.01）. The expressions of Lgr5 and MUC2 in the medium and high dose groups of COE were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， while the expression of MUC5AC and MUC6 were significantly increased in the low， medium， and high dose groups of COE （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Wnt inhibitors could promote the expression of MUC5AC and MUC6 in gastric organoids （P<0.05， P<0.01） and reduce the expression of MUC2， Wnt， and β-catenin. In addition， the combined use of COE at high concentrations and Wnt inhibitors could further promote this trend （P<0.01）. ConclusionCOE inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by inhibiting the expression of Lgr5， MUC2， Wnt， and β-catenin and promoting the expression of MUC5AC and MUC6， thus promoting the proliferation and differentiation of gastric organoids and reversing the PLGC process.

Procurement constitutes a cornerstone of daily operations in public hospitals,involving medical equipment,medical materials,pharmaceuticals,infrastructure projects,office supplies,and service-oriented projects.The responsibility for procurement used to rest on various functional departments overseeing business management,a situation that often led to a lack of transparency and standardization due to decisions made by a single department or a few key cadres.To standardize procurement practices,the national policy has introduced a"procurement"and"management"separation model.In public hospitals,pro-curement includes two main aspects:"procurement"entails the actual execution of purchasing activities,including market re-search,price negotiation,tender document formulation,and contract signing;and"management"involves the preliminary re-search,budgeting and project initiation,installation and commissioning,inventory acceptance,maintenance quality control,and usage management of procured items.The separation of"procurement"and"management"is an important part of the procure-ment management unit in the modern hospital administration.This process-based division ensures the functional distinction be-tween procurement and management,fostering interdepartmental collaboration and mutual oversight,thereby mitigating procure-ment integrity while safeguarding procurement quality.

Graduate education is critical for cultivation of high-level talents and promotion of technological innovation. Strengthening the management of graduate education is of great practical significance for ensuring and improving the quality of graduate education. The expansion of graduate education brings challenges to educational resources and management models, requiring research institutions to ensure educational quality and adapt to social needs. Based on the particularity of research institutes, this article takes the practice of radiation health graduate education as an example to explore the graduate student management elements of form teachers in research institutes. Our research provides a reference for improving the management level of graduate students in research institutes. Graduate form teachers are organizers, implementers, and mentors of graduate ideological education, academic culture, daily management, employment and entrepreneurship, and mental health education. They play an important role as a bridge and link in graduate education and cultivation. Faced with the challenges of graduate education in the new era, form teachers should continuously explore work methods that adapt to the needs of the era. They should also focus on reinforcing ideological and political theories, improving professional skills, establishing and improving management systems, and leveraging the role of student cadres to ensure the high-quality development of graduate education in research institutes.

Objective To analyze the status of youth funds and fund management in radiation health research institutes, and to explore the contribution of institutional funds to the cultivation of young scientific and technological talents in the field of radiation health . Methods The scientific archives of youth funds from 2003 to 2023 were collected for analyses from the aspects of organization and management, application and review, cycle, funding amount, research field, the person in charge of the program, acceptance, and achievements. Statistical analyses were carried out in Excel 2019. Results The institution-supported Youth Director Funds had a two-year implementation period. A total of 68 funds were granted with a cumulative funding amount of 2.4178 million Chinese yuan. A total of 88 papers were published and 4 patents were granted. Conclusion The establishment of youth funds has fostered the ability of young scientific and technological talents to independently conduct research and promoted their professional development.

Objective:To explore the establishment of a Cox proportional hazard prediction model for the re-cent(within a week)delivery of pregnant women with threatened early preterm labor(28-33+6 weeks).Meth-ods:The clinical data of 293 patients with threatened early preterm labor at 28-33+6 weeks admitted to the De-partment of Obstetrics,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected.According to whether the patient gave birth recently(within a week)during hospi-talization,they were divided into delivery group(n=88)and non-delivery group(n=205).Demographic data,specialty conditions and clinical biochemical indicators were collected,and the differences of each observation in-dex between the two groups were compared.Cox multivariate analysis was used to screen variables,and then the Cox proportional hazard prediction model was constructed to calculate the hazard ratio(HR).The C-index was used to test the predictive ability of the model,and the nomogram was drawn to visualize the Cox proportional hazard prediction model.The calibration curve was used to test the consistency between the model prediction re-sults and the actual situation.Results:The average age of the delivery group was 30.2±5.0 years old,and the average prolonged pregnancy time was 61.3±47.5 hours.Compared to the group that gave birth and did not give birth,the proportion of patients with body mass index(BMI)at admission,parity＞1,gestational diabetes mellitus or diabetic pregnancy combined(GDM/PGDM),abnormal fetal orientation,regular contractions at admis-sion,vaginal cleanliness≥ Ⅲ,white blood cell count ≥10 ×109/L at admission and cervical length＜20 mm,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis:BMI＞30 kg/m2(HR 2.178,95％CI 1.208-3.928,P=0.010),parity＞1(HR 3.095,95％CI 1.759-5.447,P＜0.001),regular uterine contraction(HR3.447,95％CI 2.216-5.362,P＜0.001),cervical length＜20 mm(HR3.594,95％CI 2.289-5.646,P＜0.001)and white blood cell count≥10 ×109/L(HR2.124,95％CI 1.352-3.335,P=0.001)on admission were independent risk factors for recent(within a week)delivery of pregnant women with threatened early preterm birth.When the above 5 indicators were included in the prediction model,the C-index was 0.797(95％CI 0.750-0.844),indicating that the model had good prediction ability.The calibration chart shows that the prediction results of the model are in good agreement with the actual results.Conclusions:Preg-nant women with BMI＞30 kg/m2 at admission,parity＞1,regular uterine contraction at admission,cervical length＜20 mm at admission and white blood cell count≥10 ×109/L at admission are prone to premature delivery in the near future.Cox proportional risk prediction model based on the above risk factors has certain accuracy,which can be used to guide clinical workers to take corresponding intervention measures in advance to avoid or reduce the possibility of premature delivery in the near future and improve maternal and infant outcomes.